Bhuku rebhuruu-maziso matsvuku: tsanangudzo yezvakasiyana-siyana, kutarisira, zvinhu uye nekuongorora

Nyika yekambamende yematata, sezvaunoziva, i South America. MuRussia iyi tuber yakaunzwa naPeter the Great. Kuedza kwekutanga kwokusarudza mbatatisi uye nzira dzekuchengetedza kwayo mumamiriro ezvinhu enyika yedu zvakaitwa na sekurukuru vaAlexander Pushkin-Hannibal. Mukukudzwa kwake, iyi yakasiyana-siyana yakakurumbira yainzi ye hybrid 1555. MuRussia, gira "hannibal" rinowanzonzi "blue eyed".

Ndivanaani vaiva

Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dze "bhuruu" dzakagadzirwa nekuda kwekuyambuka kwemazambatanidzwa emusango uye akarimwa pakarepo mushure mokupera kweHondo Yenyika Yechipiri. Kutaura zvazviri, basa rokuzvisarudzira pacharo rakaitwa paIni Institute of Starch Products yeHurumende Yezvokudya zveSouth America. A hybrid of 1555 yakaedzwa kuVNIISP pane Smolensk Experimental Station. Mbatatari "maziso ebhuruu", kana kuti Hannibal, akazova akawanda kwazvo uye asina kunyatsoteerera. Nokudaro, masayendisiti eziteshi racho akasarudza kubereka uye kuiparadzira kuburikidza nokuendesa vagari vomunharaunda uye vagari ve dacha munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana dzeSmolensk. Kune vanoita zvekurima varimi, izvi zvakasiyana-siyana zvakare zvakawira murudo, uye nokukurumidza zvinopararira muRussia yose.

Mbatatisi, "maziso ebhuruu" rudzi: tsanangudzo ye tubers

Zita rayo raimbozivikanwa rainzi mazamu "gannibal" rakagamuchirwa nekuda kwechimiro chisina kujairika. Iyo tubers iri mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana iine rima, yakafukidzwa nehuwandu hwemavara ebhuruu. Izvozvo hazvina kunyanya kuonekwa. Asi maziso uye zvinomera zveiyo hybrid 1555 vane ruvara rwebhuruu rakapfuma. Chimiro chebhuruu-eyed tubers ndechokuti, chakakomberedza, zvishoma zvishoma. Nyama yembatata iyi yakachena kwazvo, yakaoma. Sezvo inenge yakawanda kwazvo yemashizha (kusvika ku17%), ruvara rwe "maziso ebhuruu" rinopfuura mamwe mamwe marudzi. Maererano nevakawanda vemuzhizha, kunyange chaiyo yakashambadza mbatata inogona kuitwa chete kubva kune tubers "hannibal".

Kukanganisika

Mhando ye "maziso ebhuruu" mbatata yakabudiswa muU.SR semhando yezvisikwa zvakagadzirirwa munhu mumwechete. Muminda yemabhizimisi makuru ezvokurima, "hannibal" haisati yadyarwa. Chinhu chacho ndechokuti mune imwe nhamba ye tubers "maziso ebhuruu" anochengetedzwa zvakanyanya. Munzvimbo dzekuchengetwa kwevanhu vanogara mumisha uye vagari vomumusha, kuchengetedza kwavanoita kwakanaka. Zvakananga nokuti kuvarimi vakura uye mabhizimisi emabhizimisi aya boka rekufarira haritauri, mumakore achangopfuura hapana mumwe wevasayendisiti-vafudzi vanopindira zvikuru. Kungotaura, "meso ebhuruu" akanganwika. Izvo zvakasiyana-siyana zvaive zvisingabatanidzwi kubva mubhuku rehurumende. Nokudaro, iwe haungakwanisi kutenga zvakasara zve "maziso ebhuruu" mune imwe nzvimbo yezvigadzirwa nhasi. Iwe unogona kutenga mbeu mbeu tubra chete kubva kune vamwe varimi avo vachiri kubatanidzwa mukurima iyi yakasiyana-siyana.

Makomborero e "meso ebhuruu"

Saka, kuipa kweizvi zvakasiyana-siyana kunogona kuonekwa chete kwete kunyatsonaka kushivirira uye kuoma kunzwisisa nekutenga kudyara zvinhu. Asi ane zvizhinji zvakawanda. Izvi hazviremekedzi maererano nekugadzira, uye kugadzirwa kwakakura, nekudzivisa kuipa uye zvimwe zvirwere. Sezvo wakadyara zvakasiyana-siyana izvi zvakanakisa panzvimbo yako yepaiti, zvichave zvichiita kupa hura mbatatisi kwechando chose.

Uchapupu hwevatyairi vemotokari

"Maziso Ebhuruu" - mbatata, tsanangudzo yeiyo yakapiwa pamusoro apa munyaya yacho, inozivikanwa zvikuru nevarimi. Makoro akanaka aya kirasi yawana, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, uye nekukurumidza kukurumidza kwekutakura kwe tubers. Zvechokwadi, rumbidzai mbatatari iyi uye nokuda kwekunakidza kwayo kwakanakisisa. Vakawanda vanocherechedza chokwadi chokuti "maziso ebhuruu" haasi kufarira zvikuru maredhi eColorado - vanoidya pakupedzisira. Kana zviri zvezvibereko zvezvipembenene izvi, vazhinji vemazhizha ezhizha vanotenda kuti inenge nguva dzose inodarika chiyero chinotarisirwa.

Mbeu kugadzirira

Kukura zvakasiyana siyana zve "gannibal" - nzira yacho iri nyore. Kuti uwane kukohwa kwakanaka, mbeu ye "maziso ebhuruu" mbatatari haitombofaniri kuiswa kune chero gadziriro yakakosha. Chikoro chakanaka chikwata ichi chichapa chero mamiriro ezvinhu. Zvisinei, kukura ma tubers e "maziso ebhuruu" muchiedza vasati vasvika munyika iyo ichiri kukosha. Zvadaro zvichave zvichibvira kuti zvibudirire zvibereko zvakanakisisa mukurima. Nokuda kwekumera, mbeu ye tuber inodzingwa kubva pane yevhavha mwedzi musati wasima. Kugadzirisa iyo kudyara mune imwe imwe nzvimbo yakaoma nemahwindo. Iyo mbatata inokura zvakanakisisa muchiedza chinopararira. Hazvirevi hazvo kuti uzvidzire tuber mucheka rimwechete. Inobvumirwa kuisa mazviri mu 2-3. Usati wadyara, mbeu yematekidzi inofanira kunge iine ivhu nehuni. Iine nhamba yakawanda ye micronutrients inobatsira munda wekurima.

Nzira yekudyara sei

Nyanzvi dzinopa zano pamusoro penzvimbo iyo inorongwa kukura mbatatisi-maziso matsvuku, kudonha manyowa kana manyowa mukati mekuwa. Asi, zvechokwadi, iyi nzira inodhura uye nguva inopedza. Saka, kazhinji, vagari vemazhizha vanosarudza kuita zvishoma zvakasiyana. Muchirimo paunodyara mbatatisi, manyowa kana humus zvinongowedzerwa kune tsime (neruwandu). Mbeu yakakura mbeu inowanzosimwa imwe panguva. Kana mbatatisi isina kudzika, zvino zviri nani kudonha maviri mumakomba. Chimwe chezvinhu zve "meso ebhuruu" ndeyekuti anoda zuva. Nokudaro, thicken kubhururuka chero zvipi zvisingakwanisi.

Nzira yekuita sei

Munguva yemwaka, "maziso ebhuruu", semamwe mazamu, inofanira kugara ichidiridza, isunungurwa uye masora. Zvakanaka kwazvo, izvi zvakasiyana-siyana zvinopindurawo kune zvikomo. Mazuva mashomanana mushure mekudyara mbatya yezamu inofanira kunge yakanyatsogadzirwa. Nguva yechipiri inosunungura inoitwa panotaridzika inomera - panguva iyo mizere ichaonekwa. Nenguva ino achishandisa hoe, paanobvisa masora. Kuchengetedza kunofanira kuitika mushure mokumusoro kwe "meso ebhuruu" kunosvika kureba kwema 20 cm.

Nzira yekudiridza sei

Mbatatari "maziso ebhuruu", ane unhu hwekusaremekedza hwakanaka kwazvo, maererano nehuvhu hwomumvuri hunenge huri nyore. Hazvibviri kudurura kana kudarika izvi zvakasiyana-siyana. Kuderedza ivhu munharaunda kunogona kuva zvose nzira yekusasa uye groove. Chinhu chikuru ndechokuti usakanganwa kuti kudiridza mbatatisi inofanirwa chete mushure mekunge ivhu riri pachidimbu rinopinda mukati zvakadzika masendimita 8. Kana pane kushayikwa kwemvura yekukohwa kwakanaka kubva kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvebhuruu, hazvibviri kuwana. Ita mvura yakanakisisa manheru.

Nzira yekugadzira sei

Vazhinji varimi vemahara havafudzi izvi zvakasiyana-siyana mukati megore. Chero mamiriro ezvinhu, mbeu yacho inobereka zvakawanda pasi pemvura yakanaka. Zvisinei, zvinokwanisika kuunganidza kunyange tuber yakawanda mukutonga nekudyisa mbatata ye-blue eyed nemvura yakasviba yakasviba pachiyero cha 50-80 g pa 1 m ² panguva yekukwira. Iwe unogonawo kudiridza zvirimwa ne slurry yakanatswa nemvura muchikamu che 1 x 5. Kupfeka kupfeka pamwe nemuranda uyu kunoitwa mazuva mashomanana vasati vasvika.

Kuti uwane kukohwa kukuru, iwe unogonawo kuparadzira chinangwa ne "Epin-Extra" kugadzirira. Iko kushanda kunofanira kuitwa panguva yekusvitsa kwemiti.

Kukohwa

Iwe unogona kutanga kugadzira mbatatisi-maziso matsvuku mukati meJuly. Panguva ino, vazhinji vane tuber vari kutosvika pakukura kukuru. Zvisinei, hazvibvumirwi kubvisa mbatata yemhando idzi kusvikira pakupera kwaAugust.

Pamberi pokuchengetedza tubers inofanira kunge yakaoma. Iwe unogona kungoisa firimu kana shati pasi uye kuparadzira mbatatisi mune imwe kana maviri mavara. Kuramba mukirasi iyi, sezvatotaurwa, hazvikwanisi. Dya "maziso ebhuruu" mumaawa mashoma. Zvadaro, iyo tubers inofanira kugadziriswa. Mbeu mbatatari "meso ebhuruu" inofanira kuchengetwa sezvinyatsoita sezvinobvira - zvichida muvhavharo yakagadzirirwa kuputika.

Sezvaunogona kuona, izvi zvakanyanya chaizvo. Kukanganisa kwayo kukuru kunogona kungotaridzirwa kuoma kwekutenga kudyara zvinhu. Zvisinei, pane imwe nzvimbo iyo musha wekomboti uye anokwanisa kuwana mbeu ye "maziso ebhuruu", pasina kukohwa kwakanaka, haazogari mumamiriro ose.