Beading: munhoroondo chiitiko

Pakati akasiyana handicraft beadwork anotora nzvimbo inokosha. Nhoroondo kwayakatangira midzi yakadzika kare. Izvi mhando chevarwere uri kwakakurumbira chaizvo uye zvakakurumbira munyika dzakawanda. It yakatanga tichifambirana nefashoni uye shanduka kwemashoko uye unyanzvi kushanda naye vakatora nzvimbo panguva chete kumhanya sezvo kuti mumagariro mberi.

BC

Nhoroondo panowanikwa beading vakatanga kunyange kusati kwatombova guru mararamiro ekare. Izvi zvinhu zvagara kukwezvwa vemifananidzo kuti eras siyana nokuda kwayo aesthetic unhu. Art basa nawo dzakatangira nguva chinyakare murume.

Kunyange kare, kana pakanga pasina se "marozari" chinhu chakadai, vanhu yakashongedzwa mitumbi yavo ibwe kana tusks remhuka, vaiva makomba tambo.

Beads vaivawo nevakawanda mumazuva simba umambo yekare. Madzibaba edu akavashandisa sezvo kushongedzwa uye zvinoreva kudzivirirwa kumidzimu yakaipa. Pakati zvaishandiswa haasi mumwe vanhu matongo nhasi vari yakabwinyiswa mabwe, dzakanga akachera.

The yokutanga zvinhu

History of chitarisiko marozari uye beading anewo ayo nemidzi mumazuva apo vanhu vakaita kuti pachavo nenhumbi kubva siyana mbeu, pods, nzungu, anoshongwa uye nenzara uye mapfupa. Kure kwete mumwe munhu aidavira kuti kana pane kupfeka chinhu kubva kuvakafa kumativi mhuka kwezvishongo kwakadaro achadzivirira naye kubva pakurwisa rechikara kana kuti kupfuura simba uye ushingi.

Nhoroondo marozari uye beading kunewo chokuita pakusikwa madzibaba edu nevhu marozari. Vaumbi dzavo calcined uye zvemapuranga nomuti. Kana ndege akatanga kuumba, akatanga kuparadzira simbi balls pamwe buri. Izvi, kuti zvishongo uye mazango, vakashanda somutariri bargaining Chip, kunyange chinofananidzira pfuma uye simba.

maIndia

Achibatsirwa zvishongo vanhu vakaratidza maonero avo. Kunyanya dzakakurumbira maonero akadaro zvinowanikwa kubva vokuAmerica. Nhoroondo panowanikwa beading iri zvakabatana chaizvo pamwe maIndia, uyo akashandisa marozari nokuda akajeka misha, kuruka matepi wavo bvudzi, embroidering nguo dzavo. Pasina izvi Hardware chaikosha yakarongedzwa haana kuita chinhu frontlet, kupira mabhandi, mwana mbereko kana nendiro.

In North America akashandisawo marozari zvakagadzirwa anoshongwa uye minhenga. Zvinonzi zvakare akashandisa kusika navo zvizhinji zvimwe zvinhu. Somuenzaniso, kuti chinangwa ichi kubatwa nekorari, tekoizi, sirivha uye nevamwe.

Ita Mayan uye Olmec nejedhi vakanakidzwa mukurumbira zvikuru. Uyezve, vanochera matongo vakawana marozari, waimira sehwaro yegoridhe padombo sekristaro. Uye vaIjipiti vekare aiwanzoshandisa kusika rinokosha sekristaro marozari.

muIjipiti

History of Beading rine midzi yawo muIjipiti yekare, unonzi nzvimbo yechizvarirwo iyi mhando dzakarukwa kurudyi. Chokwadi kuti munyika ino anenge 3000 apfuura yagadzirwa regirazi, izvo zvakatanga kugadzirwa rokutanga marozari izvi. Pakutanga vakanga opaque uye kushandiswa vashongedze zvipfeko vanafarao zvikuru. VaEgipita zvakare dzakarukwa semanekiresi ose marozari uye dzakarukwa achipfekedza navo.

Nhoroondo beading matanho kupinda rimwe danho chete kukura vanhu vose. In nzendo ivepo rokutanga, marozari izvi vakashumira sezvo mashoko nomusoni uye stringing zviri zvavo pamusoro mavara. Asi nokufamba kwenguva akatanga kuonekwa itsva, kumhuka shanduro mafomu avo.

Kugadzirwa ruka pajira riya raiva riwedzere kuti chidzoke mishonga iyi yakazvimirira Hardware. Zvadaro takatanga kuwedzera kushandisa mapatani siyana uye zvirongwa, uye beadwork hwakatamisirwa kuvandudza. VaEgipita ikashandiswa girazi marozari nematombo akasiyana anokosha uye anokudzwa simbi. Zvishongo akasikwa kubva iyi, akatanga kuparadzira kune dzimwe nyika.

Roman Empire uye nyika

Pakarepo mushure Baton muIjipiti beaded unyanzvi akatora pamusoro Siriya, uye ipapo weRoma rose Empire, iyo akateverwa yose. The Chinese tega zano kuti yaiva mumatanda strung mu waya, iro nemasiraidhi marozari. Zvichiri kushandiswa nhasi uye anonzi zvikwereti.

VaRoma vakanga vachishingaira kutengesa marozari mumativi ose umambo. fenicha ichi akanga Mweni kuti vaCelt vekare uye VaViking, uyo vakakosa mariri marozari uye bangles, nezvakarukwa nguo. Vamwe vanhu vekare vaishandisa rive bargaining chip.

Nhoroondo beadwork muRussia dzakatangira nguva anongofamba amarudzi Sarmatians uye vaSitiya. akakurumbira zvikuru pakati pavo akashandiswa nguo neshangu, akashongedzwa marozari. Kunyange emakore mashoma asati yechikristu vakanga vakagadziridza pamwe girazi marozari uketani, maoko uye chipfuva Shirts. Kwete pasina mavara marozari uye kushongedzwa mutirauzi, mabhandi uye heti.

Venice

Beading, ane nhoroondo iri zvakabatana chaizvo kuti glassmaking, achishingaira yakatanga muna Venice. Mushure hweRoma yakaparara muRepublic angosimuka pamusoro yakawanda vemifananidzo wokuGreece uye Byzantium. Muna 10-12 emakore anogadzirwa marozari uye rwokugadzira siyana kubva kwavari.

Uye muzana remakore rechi13, indasitiri iyi akabuda pano kuvandudza. Mukutanga 90s yose girazi mafekitari vakakurudzirwa kuchitsuwa Murano. Masters yakabereka akasiyana-siyana marozari, marozari, mabhatani, uyewo midziyo uye magirazi. Ivowo achishingaira kutengeswa zvisikwa zvavo zvose.

Naples vaisiyana nemamwe nzvimbo nebasa kuti kwemazana emakore zvakaipa korari. girazi michina kusika yakanyatsovanzwa vatenzi Venetian. Kunyanya guru chakavanzika aiva aiitwa pasoda.

Wakawedzerwa kuti jecha kuti mashoko ari iyo beading. Nhoroondo inotaura chokwadi ichi sezvo inorambidza aina girazi kubva Venice, kuti mutorwa vasingagoni kududzira zvakavanzika zvake zvaakasika.

Kutanga kubva remakore rechi14 glassmaking mumwe zvokuvhoterwa kwainzi mumiririri ropafadzo strata munzanga. 15 murantsy akamuka pachake kutarisirwa kwaro, nyaya maitiro uye mari. Kubvira pazuva remakore rechi17 uri pamusoro Venetian glassmakers noruzivo ayo yakanakisisa nguva.

Izvi nharaunda kwemazana emakore aiva chete mugadziri pakati marozari. Navatengesi zvishongedzo ayo kuMabvazuva uye West, kupanana kuti zvinonhuhwira, sirika uye, chokwadi, goridhe. madzinza African vaishandisa marozari somunhu bargaining chip.

Europe

Beading, nhoroondo kwakabva uko zvakabatana chaizvo kwayo kupararira pasi pose, vakanakidzwa kudiwa kukuru Europe. In nyika yake, yakanga yakavakwa pasi rose kuchengetera chino uye akaronga anokosha nhumbi kuti kutengeswa marozari.

The chinokosha kwainzi kwakajeka uye duku marozari aiva dhayamita hafu sendimita. Taifarira mukurumbira zvikuru brocades marozari uye yakabwinyiswa nechomukati zvemapuranga nendarama kana sirivha.

Kuwanikwa America , uye pfupi nzira India uyewo zvakakanganisa beading. Nhoroondo yacho zvisikwa kwakaita kuvandudza. Pane girazi okudhindira vakatanga kuvaka zvirimwa makuru. Centers kugadzirwa zvakadai pamwero mukuru kwakaita sesimbi Spain, Portugal, Netherlands, England uye France. Kushongedza vakatengeswa zvakazara muna Northern Europe.

Unyanzvi hutsva hwokugadzira

The yechipiri yezana remakore rechi18 vakauya kuvandudzwa itsva beadwork. History uye chipo vakaungana anoonga kwaita michina kuti akaita chubhu regirazi. With michina iyi, kugadzirwa marozari rava nokukurumidza zvikuru uye isingadhuri.

Kukwikwidzana pamisika pakati Venice uye muBohemia akava kurudziro huru kuumba watenzi akasiyana-siyana mavara, zvitarisiko uye hukuru pamusoro Fittings. Anomuka yakafara kukurumbira pakati pavakadzi European. Clothing, beaded, achiva kupfuura mufashoni.

Paungano State Hermitage kusvikira nhasi akaramba nemamwe mimwe zvinhu hembe kubva iyoyo. Sezvo girazi marozari zvakakwana kukunda nguva, vachiri kuramba kupenya kwavo uye kukwezva.

modernity

On a chikamu rechi19 uye rechi20 emakore ose pamusoro nyika, izvi zvinhu anewo refu chaizvo kudiwa. Raishandiswa vashongedze zvikwama, wallets, Coasters, uye zvimwe zvinhu.

Beads uye nhasi inoshandiswa nevakawanda kusika fashoni zvishongo, uye kushanda dzakasiyana wenguo zvinhu. Nhoroondo beading vana unofadza zvikuru uye chinoumbwa nezvinhu zvakawanda. Inogona kushanda zvinovakurudzira kutanga kuita ichi chinoshamisa mhando dzakarukwa.