Baykovo kumakuva: address. Crematorium pamakuva eKaykovoye kuKiev. Makuva evanhu vanozivikanwa pamakuva eBaykovoye (chithunzi)

Pogost haisi nzvimbo yekuviga vanhu vakafa chete. Kana midzi yawo inodzoka kumashure emakore akawanda, pane zvivako zvakakura zvekuvakira munharaunda, zvino inogona kuva nyanzvi yezvakaitika kare, yakafanana nemakuva eKaykovo muKiev.

Yakagamuchira zita rayo kubva kune zita renharaunda iyo, iyo yakatumidzwa nezvezita raSergei Baikov, uyo aiva ne dacha pedyo. Pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi19, apo kereke yechechi yakazarurwa, maKaturike chete neLutheran vakawana zororo pairi. Asi mumakore matatu akabva atanga kuviga vaKristu. Nokufamba kwenguva Baykovo kumakuva akawedzera. Parizvino, chikamu chitsva chacho katatu chakapamhi kupfuura chekare, uye nzvimbo yacho yose inenge 73 hectares.

Chii chinofadza pano?

Pa Baykovo kumakuva haasviki kungoshanyira hama dzakafa neshamwari, asiwo kubva kune chido chesayenzi kana chido chakanaka. Pamatombo ematombo, kunyanya ekare, munhu anogona kuverenga zvinyorwa zvekuviga zvekare kana zvipfeko. Mumwe munhu anofarira kuona makuva evanhu vanozivikanwa pamakuva eBaykovoye. Vamwe vanovhundutsa nyaya uye vanoda kupinda mumachekete, akawanda ayo ari kutoparadzwa uye kupambwa. Kune makumi maviri avo paBaykovoye Cemetery muKiev.

Matongo anomiririra zvakare nhoroondo uye zvigadzirwa zvekuvakwa. Vamwe vavo ndeye chibereko chebasa remasters anozivikanwa. Mukuwedzera, vane chimiro chepakutanga chekunze. Tsvaga makuva akafanana haabviri, sezvo mhuri imwe neimwe yakavakunda maererano nekunaka kwavo uye tsika. Munguva yehondo mukati memaziso, mhuri dzechiJudha dzakachengetedzwa kubva kune vaFascist, panguva dzorugare, vanhu vasina pokugara vanowanzovanza pano.

Chimwe chekucherechedza kwevanhu kunopiwa kugadziriswa kwekuviga mumakuva eBaykovoye muKiev, nokuti ndiyo imwe chete muguta. Panharaunda yaro panewo chechi inoshanda mukukudza kweKwidzwa kwaIshe, yakavakwa mukupera kwezana remakore rechi19. IKievich crematorium kuBoykovo Makamera inewo temberi yake. Icho chidiki chechechi-chifundisi chekumuka kweSweden. Takazvivakira muzana remakore redu, muna 2008. Chivako chekumatenga chekuBhayiko chakavakwa muna 1975. Pedyo ipapo pane columbarium.

Nguva Yakaipa

Parizvino, kune zvakawanda zvekurima kune zvivako zveBaakokovo muKiev, uye nzira dzakarongedzwa. Asi pakutanga kwekuvigwa kwaive kwakanyanya. Kuvandudza kuronga kwakatora mumakumi mana-makumi emakore eXIX yezana Krause. Nharaunda yacho yakawedzerwa, yakanatswa. Kunyange kamuri yakagadzirwa nokuda kwevashandi vemakuva uye nzvimbo yepamusoro yakavakwa. Iye zvino kuti pane makuva makuru, miti yakasimwa paKrause yakaraira uye kereke yechechi yakatanga kufanana nesango. Zvikumbaridzo uye kuchema zviri muhupenyu hwakakanganisika. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika kune avo vakagadzirirwa apo guva reBaykovo raingova kutanga kwaro. Pasi pose kune nzvimbo dzinenge dzakawanda dzekuviga 190 000 pairi.

Mushure mekufa - munzvimbo yayo

Chinofadza ndechokuti makuva akaparadzaniswa mune dzimwe nzvimbo. Vanhu vari vehumwe humwe hupenyu muhupenyu, uye mushure mekufa, vanofanira kumira pamwe chete. Semuenzaniso, kune nzvimbo iyo apo mapurofesa chete nevadzidzisi veKyiv University yeScience vakavigwa. Zvimwe zvinokonzerwa nevatori veHondo yePatriotic uye dzimwe hondo. Pamusoro penzira huru ndiyo makuva evanhu vanozivikanwa vehurumende, pamwe nevanyori, vanyori uye vamwe humwe hunozivikanwa hunozivikanwa.

Kune miganhu umo kuvigwa kwakagadzirwa pamusoro penyika. Pakati pavo kune zvivako zvenyika apo vaJudha, mapolisi, maGermany vaizorora. Izvo zvivakwa zvezvivigiro nematombo ematombo, ayo anewo maitiro ehurumende, uyewo epitaphs mumitauro yakasiyana-siyana, inonakidza. Enda kumakuva, zvichienderana nechitendero, unogona kuburikidza nechimwe chegedhi. Dzinofanana nekuonekwa kwetemberi dzezvitendero zvakasiyana-siyana. Pakazara kune matanho matatu: maKaturike, maRutheran uye Orthodox.

Mifananidzo yeBaikal Makaburi

Vanhu vanowanzouya kumakuva makuru, kwete kungoyeuka hama. Vanoda kubhadhara mutero mukuremekedzwa nekuremekedzwa kwevanhu vakakurumbira vaisakwanisa kutaura navo pachavo munguva yehupenyu hwavo. Vanyori vanozivikanwa zvikuru, vanachiremba, masayendisiti, varanda, vanyori, vatongi, vanyori, vashumiri vechechi, vaimbi vanovigwa paBhayikovo Emakuva vanowanzopiwa kutarirwa kwevasingazivi. Maruva anounzwa kumakuva avo, uye zviyeuchidzo, izvo zvinorangarirwa nazvo zvisingafi, kazhinji zvinomiririra mifananidzo yakajeka. Asi dzimwe dzadzo dziri nyore.

Zvinowanzoitika kuti chivigiro chinoshongedza kuvigwa kwemugari wepfumi chinotarisa hukuru kune uyo anomira munzvimbo yekuzorodza kwemunhu uyo akaita chikamu chakakosha pakuvandudza tsika kana unyanzvi. Makuva evanhu vanozivikanwa pamakuva eBaykovoye, mapikicha ayo anowanikwa munyaya ino, ari pano mumahombekombe makuru. Ndiye mutungamiri mukuvigwa kwevanhu vanozivikanwa muKiev.

Takazvizivawo

Uyu mutambi wemhanzi uye mutevedzeri Leonid Bykov, anozivikanwa munguva dzeSoviet, uye iye zvino rudo rwakakurumbira. Iye anoziva mafirimu "Maxim Perepelitsa", "Aleshka rudo", kwaakakwanisa kuita basa guru. Uyewo yakave yakagamuchirwa kwezvizvarwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvevanhu, "Bunny", "Vakwegura Chete Chete Vari Kuenda Kurwisana", "Aty-batsva, Varwi Vakafamba", iyo yaakagadza semutungamiriri uye akaitamba mavari semutambi.

Akafira mutsaona yemotokari muna 1979 ava nemakore 51. Nzvimbo yekupedzisira yekuzorora yaiva Baykovo kumakuva. Nzira yekuenda seiko? Uyai ikoko uye muwane shanduro nhamba 33. Kuti uite izvi, famba nepamukova wepakati, enda kuchivako chekumatenga. Ipapo tendeukira kurudyi uye enda munzira iyo kusvikira chivako chichioneka.

Pari zvino, chigadzirwa chacho chakaiswa muguva - mutungamiriri wemutambi, uyo anotarisa achifunga ari kure. Vanotaura kuti iye pachake aiva munhu akazvininipisa kwazvo uye "chimiro" chakadaro chaizoonekwa sechinyadzisa. Asi, zvakadaro, vanhu vazhinji vanouya kuguva rake, vanounza maruva, mabhenekera.

Pano nhamba yepaiti 49 ndiyo chivakwa, yakagadzirirwa mukuremekedza mutambi wemhanzi ainzi Borislav Brondukov. Vanhu vazhinji vanomuziva kubva kumafirimu "Afonya", "Garage", "Adventures yaSherlock Holmes naDkt Watson" nevamwe vakawanda. Upenyu hwomutevedzeri wefirimu hwakasuruvara. Anorara akasununguka uye akarara kwemakore manomwe. Brondukov zvachose aisagona kufamba uye kutaura. Asi akachengeta pfungwa yakajeka. Kubva pane izvi, zvakanga zvakaoma kuti shamwari neshamwari vaone maziso ake akazadza misodzi. Muchinjikwa webwe akaiswa muguva rake makore matatu mushure mokufa kwake muna 2007. Iye zvino munhu wose anoda kushanyira mhizha ndokusiya maruva pedyo nechokuyeuchidza, icho chinomiririra kusafa nekuponeswa.

Vanhu vanoziva kune vakawanda

Mumakuva ekare iguva re Lesya Ukrainka. Ndiye munyori wenhema, munyori uye nhamba yevanhu veUkraine. Upenyu hwake hwose akarwisana nezvirwere izvo zvakatanga kumukunda kubva pazera remakore gumi. Zvakaoma kufungidzira kuti munhu anogara achishungurudzika sei ane simba rakadaro rekufunga kuti haana kungogara, asi akasika uye akawana mukurumbira. Asi pasinei nokuti Majeri akaedza sei, chirwere chacho chakamukunda muna 1913, paaiva nemakore 42 chete. Zita rake chairo raiva Larisa Petrovna Kosach. Iyo yakavezwa pamusoro pedestal pasi pepseudonym. Shamwari dzomunyori dzinovigwa pedyo. Sheori iri kushanyira nevarimi vhenda yake, kunyange zvazvo makore anopfuura zana apfuura kubva pakufa kwake. Icho chikumbaridzo chikamu chepamusoro uye chakamira pairi hafu yechikamu Ukrainka, iyo inobata bhuku mumaoko ake.

Kubva kure, chimiro chemurume anonamatira pamusambura inooneka. Ichi ndicho chiyeuchidzo chekutanga chakaiswa mumakuva matsva mukukura kwakakwana. Kuti aite izvozvo, chirikadzi yemuimbi wechitambo Nikolai Grinko akatengesa zvishongo zvose. Haana kuzviita pasina, vateki vanoshanyira guva rake, zvakanaka kuona nzvimbo yakagadzirirwa zvakanaka uye chivakwa chakasimba. Uyu muimbi uye vana vaimuda, nokuti akaidza Papa Carlo mumutambo "The Adventures of Pinocchio" uye injini Gromov mu "The Adventures of Electronics."

Akavigwa paBaykovoye kumakuva uye chirwere chiremba Nikolai Amosov. Akakurumbira pamabasa ake pakuvandudza nzira dzokushandira mapapu, mwoyo, mitsipa yeropa. Akatungamira rimwe rematare eKieyi Institute, akanyora mabhuku akawanda. Basa rake renyorwa "Mazwi eZuva" rakashandurirwa mumitauro yakawanda yenyika. Iyo chivigiro kune chirembayi chiyero chake chiri chena, iyo inoratidzika ichikura kubva kune imwe column yakagadzirwa pa granite slab. Kurutivi rwake kunomira bhora rine cardiogram yakareba pairi.

Sezvimwewo

Kune zviyeuchidzo zvakawanda zvinonakidza paBaakokovo Makuva. Ikozvino iwe unofanirwa kushanyira vanoda vekare, zvigadzirwa, zvivakwa kana avo vanofarira kufunga nezvezvinoreva upenyu uye nekusingaperi, vachifamba vachidzikama pakati pevakavigwa. Munguva dzekufamba uku, kune zviyeuchidzo zvinofadza uye zvisingawanzo vanhu vanogara vakagadzirira hama dzavo. Somuenzaniso, mifananidzo yevanhu, vachidzokorora zvachose kuonekwa kwomunhu munguva yehupenyu. Vamwe vanomirira vadiwa vavo, vakatambanudzirwa kusvika pakakwirira kwavo, vamwe vanogara, vachimirira kuti vagare pasi kuti vayeuke. Zviyeuchidzo zvevatambi zvinoratidzira mukutamba, vatyairi vepano pano nemapuraneti avo kana tsanangudzo kubva kwavari, vanyori - vane heroes zvekusika kwavo. Pane mamwe makuva kune vatumwa mukukura zvakakwana, mitambo, makandulo, maruva, nezvimwewo.

Kunyorera pa Baykovoye Makamuri

Zvichida, ichi ndicho chisingawanzwisisiki panguva yedu, chisinganzwisisiki, kuchikwezva uye nenguva imwe chete chinotyisa chezvose zvinogona kuonekwa pano. Zvivakwa zvekare, zvakagadzirwa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana, dzaifanira kuchengetwa kumadzinza semuenzaniso unofadza wemapuranga emapurisa ekare. Asi, zvisingaiti zvakakwana, pamakuva eBhakokovo vanoparadzwa zvishoma nezvishoma uye vanoparadzwa.

Havatombovhiringidzi navo uye havatombozivi kuti ndiani ane vamwe vavo, mazita avo akarembera nguva nenguva. Chinhu chisingafadzi zvikuru ndechokuti mabhokisi ane masara akaora akazara evanhu avo vakanga vazvichengeta pachavo kuti vadzoke mune imwe nzvimbo yakanaka, yakakurumbira, yakanyangarika kubva pamakristpts. Mukati hauna chinhu uye tsvina. Hazvityisi kuuya pano musana asina kujaira, vanhu vasina pokugara uye vasina pokugara. Vanoparadza uye vanoshatisa zvakasara zvepakutanga.

Asi chaizvoizvo kare (sokunge pane zvinogona kutongwa nezvinosiyiwa) the crypts yaitarisa yakakodzera. Mushure mezvose, kuvakunda, taida mari, uye kwete mhuri yose yaigona kuibhadhara. Asi zvakaitika kuti avo vakasarudza pane imwe nhanho, vakatokoka vakakurumbira vanozivikanwa munguva yake kuti vavake guva pane basa rakakosha. Uye muguva reBhakokovo unogona kuwana kuvekwa kwakaitwa nenzira dzakasiyana. Pano pane chiitiko chekare, uye Gothic, uye kusanganisa mazano, maererano nehanzvadzi yevanhu. Mukati meguva mune makamuri maviri. Yokutanga yakanga yakagadzirirwa kuchengetwa kwevakafa, uye yechipiri, umo mavhavha aiva nemitumbi, akaenda pasi pevhu.

Shrine inounza lucky

Panharaunda yemakuva kune imwe crypt ine nheyo yayo. Icho chaiva chemudzimai ainzi Kiev sausage producer Mikhail Aristarkhov. Pamusoro pehwiro hweguva ibhesi-pasi-rubatsiro nemufananidzo weMutumwa Mukuru, mushure mezvo Mikaeri akatumidzwa zita rake. Iyo inozivikanwa pamusoro pake kuti yakakunda Lucifer pachake.

Kana, zvimire pamberi pekrispt, kuona pafudzi rekuveza mutsara kubva kunopisa, nzvimbo iyo iyo yose-kukunda kwekukunda kwechiedza ichirohwa, zvino rubatsiro rweArchistrategus harungatore nguva refu kumirira, uye iye achaita kuti munhu aiteerera akatarisana neguva rezita rake.

Mukuwedzera, Michael weKiev anoonekwa somuti weguta rose. Uye Aristarkhov pachake aiva nechigadzirwa chemasipiresi, aive akapindira mune zvematongerwo enyika kuti atsigire zvaanoda muDuma, aiva mukuru wekereke. Asi pfuma, sezvamunoziva, haisi yepinecea yezvirwere nezvirwere, uye muna 1912 akafa uye akaremekedzwa kuvigwa pano, muGothic-style crypt yake.

Crematorium ku Baykovoye Makamuri muKiev

Sezvo ndaona chimiro ichi kwekutanga, havasi vose vanogona kufungidzira kuti chii. Anozivikanwa anonyatsozivikanwa mapurani Avraam Miletsky, Ada Rybachuk naVladimir Melnichenko vakashanda mukusika kwayo kubva muna 1968 kusvikira muna 1981. Chivako chinoratidzika sechinhu chinonzi futuristic. Kuvhura kwevasingazivikanwi uye vasina kudzidza.

Vakaroorana Melnichenko naRybachuk vaifungidzira chivako. Haafaniri kunge akayeuchidzwa nezvekufa sechokupedzisira pakuguma kwehupo hwevanhu. Kusiyana neizvi, uku kugadziriswa kwemaumbirwo aripo pamhemberero yekupisa kunyeuchidza kuti upenyu hunopfuurira, uye sangano haritsigiri kune avo vakatambura kurasikirwa kusingaenzaniswi.

Vashandi vakashingaira kuita nguva dzekugumburwa zvishoma zvinorwadza uye zvepfungwa zvichiita kuti kuparadzana nemhuri yakafa kana shamwari. Sezvo vaifanira kuumba panguva apo zviito zvose zvaifanira kurongedzwa nekambani, kwete yose pfungwa dzavaikwanisa kuita. Uye vamwe vakazoita zvisingakwanisi. Semuenzaniso, mavara mavara-mavara emagetsi, ayo aifanira kunge ari pasi pose pamadziro ekrete.

Kuumba Rusvingo rweChirangariro rwakarambidzwa pamirairo yeChinyorwa cheCentral Committee yeCommunist Party yeUkraine Shcherbitsky. Mutungamiri weChechi akanyadzisa zvisati zvisiri zveSlavic zvimifananidzo, izvo zvaifanirwa kuiswa pairi. Zvakasarudzwa kudurura rusvingo nekrete. Vatungamiri havana kunyadzisa chokwadi chokuti vatenzi vakashanda pairi kwemakore gumi. Munguva iyi vakagadzira zvifananidzo zvakazara, maronda ekudzivirira avo, vakaisa denga rekutanga revhu. Asi vavaki vakakwanisa kuwana ruzivo rwekusununguka, izvo zvakaoma kuita apo pavakamisa zvivakwa kubva pakusimbiswa kwekrete. Chikamu chepamusoro-chinongova mukova wevhu, uko nzvimbo yekuvhenekera pachayo iripo, uko kunewo imba yekugara.

Nzira yekuenda sei kuChekovo makuva (Kiev)

Zviri nyore kuita izvi. Zvakakosha kusvika pachiteshi chemitambo "Palace Ukraine", uye kubva ikoko famba. Rwendo rwacho runotora maminitsi gumi nemashanu. Hazvigoneki kurasikirwa, sezvo kumakuva ari pamusoro pegomo, iro rinofanira kusimudza uye, pamwezve, rakakomberedzwa nehomwe yematare fence. Zviitiko zvakarongeka munharaunda yaro, panguva iyo mutungamiri inofadza uye yakazara pamusoro pezvose zviri pano, uye pamusoro pevanhu vanogara pano. Kune avo vanoda kushanyira mabhuku eBhakokovo pachavo, kero ndeye: ul. Baikova, 2. Hazvikurudzirwi kuenda kune zvakadzika mukati, sezvo zviri nyore kurasika mukati memakuva akawandisa.

Ponesa vana

Vakuru-nguva vanotaura kuti pamberi pekuvandudzwa kwaive tsika yekuchengetedza kunyange makuva iwayo akasiyiwa nehama kana kuti aive evanhu vasina kuroorwa. Pano wakashanda semurindi, pane zviratidzo zvekuvigwa kwevanhu vakakurumbira, mirayiridzo inokosha yemakuva yakabudiswa. Zvinosuruvarisa kuti zvivako zvakawanda uye makuva munguva yedu zvinoparadzwa.

Mumwe anogona kungofunga kuti chii chiri kuitika mupfungwa dzevanhu vanogona kugadzirisa zvinodiwa mu crypt kana pane guva. Asi chokwadi chinoramba chiripo. Kune zvakawanda zvakasvibiswa uye madutu mumatongo eBhakokovo. Pane huchava nemishonga yekushandisa zvinodhaka, goth uye vamwe vanhu vasina kukodzera vasina hanya neanovigwa pano. Nokudaro, havazeze kuzvibata zvisina kukodzera uye kusvibisa zvigumbuso nematombo.

Asi pane avo vanofarira munhoroondo yevanhu vakawana zororo pano. Uyezve, vazhinji veavo vakavigwa pano vanozivikanwa kwete muUkraine chete, asiwo kune dzimwe nyika.