Barberry Amur: rondedzero giredhi uye mapikicha

Amur barberry - ari shrub yemhuri Berberidaceae, mumwe mhando barberry. Havasi vose anoziva chirimwa ichi. Kurondedzerwa uye Photo ane barberry Amur huri munyaya ino.

Area nokuparadzirwa

Musango, Amur barberry rinokura munzvimbo Primorsky Yoga uye kumaodzanyemba chikamu Khabarovsk Territory, ari nechokumabvazuva China, Korea, pamwe wokuJapan. The ainzi nokuda rondedzero Amur River mupata.

It anoda Deciduous, yakafara-leaved nemipaini nedanda yemisipiresi masango, dondo micheto, menzizi gomo, rwizi tenuka, nemiti, yakaoma matombo uye gravelly dzakatenuka. Very kwazvo manyowa-mupfumi ivhu. Solid mumatenhere ose barberry inokura.

Chirimwa pachahwo chando-akaomarara, nzara nemishonga uye nokupisa nemishonga, saka Chikwata vakabudirira kwayaizoitwa yose Russia.

Barberry Amur: rondedzero siyana

Barberry iri subramose minzwa. kukwirira ake - 3.5 metres. Shrub pamwe dzakatwasuka, mapazi zvishoma, tote uye ribbed mapazi kuti kuwa kuchinja ruvara kubva tsvuku kusvikira vhudzi.

Itsvo kubva Amur barberry tsvuku kana shava ruvara, mumwe kureba 1,5 neMM, ostrenkie. Mashizha vanoiswa rinotevera, shizha chimiro - elliptical kana obovate, jira urefu - 12 masendimita upamhi - 5 masendimita webbed anosiya pachavo, kumicheto -. Kolyuchezubchatye dzakarukwa zvakanaka. Shizha ruvara zvichisiyana Matt chiedza mutema kuti dzepepuru, rima tsvuku. Mashizha kukura kunyanya nhungirwa pfupi nematanda.

The spines of Amur barberry yellowish kazhinji ndivo tripartite, kusvika kureba 3 cm. Chetsoka-gore Mumwe muchadya vanowanzova 4-5 kana 7 vakaparadzana spines cylindrical kana sandara chimiro uye thickened.

The inflorescences vane racemiform gwenzi pakureba - kusvika masendimita 10, muna Inflorescence kubva 10 kusvika 25 maruva. Flowers pachavo vari aiturikwa pemashanga refu (anenge 1 cm), ruvara - hapana tsvuku, simba zvakanaka anosiyana. Nhanhatu sepals obovate. Petals uye Stamens uye matanhatu. Flowering shrub Amur barberry muna May uye June, ya maruva - kusvikira mazuva 20.

Kumuromo barberry vari dryish, imwe ellipsoidal chimiro, kureba anenge 1 cm ruvara - piriviri, yakashapa kuravira. Seed ovoid mu chimiro, 4-5 mm pakureba. 1 kg ane anenge 6200 muchero. Nguva fruiting shrub - August-October.

Kuti muchidimbu rondedzero Amur barberry, tinogona kutaura kuti nhasi chirimwa ichi yakakurumbira zvikuru. Nokuda akanaka chimiro shrub, mashizha makuru, maruva zhinji uye fruiting pachii Single uye boka pakudyara, uyewo nemakwenzi.

billet

Amur Barberry rinowanzoshandiswa pakurapa. zvinangwa. Yokukohwa mashizha, muchero, nemakwati uye midzi yacho chirimwa.

Leaf Kukohwa kunoitika May uye June, kana barberry Anotumbuka. Mashizha anogona kubviswa pamwe chigero kana kuregawo. Ipapo aoma, kuturika pabepa kana jira munzvimbo ventilated (ari atiki kana pasi nedenga). Mushure mashizha dzapwa, ivo rima mutema pamusoro uye chiedza mitema pasi. Ivo pachavo vari mutete, pfava, kugonyaniswa, kuiswa pamwe pachangu kwakanaka uye zvishoma acidic kuravira. Dzakakodzera kuchengeta pakaoma, zvakanaka ventilated nzvimbo. Mashizha akachengetwa, kazhinji makore 1-1.5.

Midzi Kukohwa kunoitika mumatsutso (October-November) uye chitubu (April). Vanofanira kuchera aine nefoshoro, zuzai pasi, akagura vaduku midzi, uye mhepo yakaoma. Ugovashambidza haumanikidzwi tirambe kuchirapa ehupfumi. Dried Midzi vanofanira kubviswa nokuda 1.5-2 cm nokuomesa zvakanaka. Nokuti zvakakodzera ichi sezvo ane rakadeurwa kana atiki uye Dryer kana hovhoni. Midzi zvakanaka yaoma vane longitudinal mitsetse, mukati ndimu-yellow panze - Brown, pamwe zvishomanana kwakanaka uye zvinovava kuravira.

Fully mugwenzi midzi haina kushandiswa, Fudza kusiya padzinde 10-15 cm. Gobvu midzi (dhayamita vanopfuura 6 cm) rinoshandiswa chete shoma nemakwati uye core.

Midzi waoma vari kugara muhomwe uye zvakachengetwa kusvikira 3 years.

kuhukura billet kunoitika muna chitubu (April-May), apo muto chekubuda inotanga. Kuti aite izvi, zvakakodzera mapazi chete muduku, izvo notched kumativi dhayamita pamusoro 10-15 cm ipapo kucheka lengthwise abvise goko. Zvinofanira yaoma sezvo pamidzi. Kana akaomeswa kuhukura sokunge kumicheto pamwe grooves kana huni residues pamusoro romukati pamusoro. Ruvara nemakwati akaoma ari yellowish pfumbu mukati uye ndachena kana brownish-yellow kunze, pamwe yakaderera chaizvo kunhuwa uye inovava kuravira. Inogona kuchengetwa kusvika 3 years.

muchero unganidza kunoitika pashure kwavo zvizere kuibvisa mukupera kwematsutso, apo tichasimbiswawo wokutanga chando. Kuomesa anogona kuva muzuva, pasi nedenga kana muchoto.

Makemikari anoumba uye pharmacological zvivako

Barberry Amur vapfumi alkaloids, berberine, palmitin, et unto. Bark nemidzi akapfuma berberine, oksiakantinom, alkaloids, kusukuta matehwe, makara uye anotsvedzerera anobuda pamiti nemakwenzi zvinhu.

Barberry michero akapfuma shuga, carotene, vhitamini K, ascorbic, cucumber, tartaric, malic acid, alkaloids, tannin, pectin, makara zvinhu, chicherwa munyu. Mashizha akapfuma tannins, anotsvedzerera anobuda pamiti nemakwenzi zvinhu, zvinokosha anonhuwirira, vhitamini C, malic acid, carotene, filohinonom.

In gadziriro barberry anogumbura, choleretic, diuretic, antibacterial, astringent, hemostatic uye akambozvishandisa kuuraya utachiona zvivako. With huri kuuya pamusoro barberry berberine kunoderedza BP, muriwo anonoke tachycardia, kuwedzera chekubuda bile.

Amur barberry nevakawanda inoshandiswa mukurapa. Vanobatana chisingaperi chiropa chirwere uye nenduru dundira, gastric urikanwi uye duodenal maronda, kuzvimba rokumusoro kufema turakiti uye TB. With barberry akarapa manyoka, nemanyoka, asima. Tincture kuti barberry kurega uterine ropa ari postpartum nguva.

Planting uye Care

Amur barberry hakusi picky pamusoro ivhu, haatyi mhepo yakasimba, inobvumira kwemvura, haadi waterlogged chete. Photophilous chirimwa, asi pachamera zvakanaka kukwana mumvuri. Muchiitiko ichi kunongova chinhu chimwe: kana mumakwenzi vachikura zvakananga chezuva, ruvara nemashizha yakazara yepepuru; kubva pamakwenzi kukura rushoma mumvuri, mashizha achava aripo mitema.

Kana kuroorwa yokudyara kure pakati miti vanofanira vanenge 1,5-2 mita. Kuita pachena kukura ruzhowa, akadyara makwenzi maviri barberry 1 mita. Kana uchida munhu gobvu ruzhowa, gwenzi 4 1 mita.

Chirimwa chinokura zvakanaka acidic uye kwazvakarerekera muvhu, kunyange anoda kwazvakarerekera.

Ivhu muvhenganiswa rakagadzirirwa zvakadyarwa mumunda ivhu, manyowa uye jecha zvienzane zvikuru. Kana ivhu achiri yakashapa, Zvinokurudzirwa kuita liming.

Fudzai chirimwa chinogona kuva mugore rechipiri shure kudyara. Muchirimo kuchiitwa tichibatsirwa senitrogen fetiraiza. Pashure paizvozvo unofanira zvokudya 1 ose 3 makore fetiraiza zvakaoma pamwe chero zvinhu. Barberry akamwisa 1 nguva pavhiki. Muti uyewo anoda kugara Kusakura uye tichisakura miforo.

Bata pagore kuchekerera barberry - kubvisa simba, taita dzakabudirira mabukira. Spring yekare mumakwenzi sevanokosha dzakaonda kunze. Kuumba nemakwenzi, kuchekerera rinoitwa mugore rechipiri shure pakudyara, achicheka pamwe inenge hafu yacho zvemuchadenga chikamu kure. Pashure kuchekerera ichi rinoitwa 2 pagore; muna June uye muna August.

Zvirwere uye tupukanana

Amur Barberry ari sei anotevera tupukanana:

1. Barberry inda dzemuriwo - pamwe mashizha shrivel nokuomesa. Zvinobatsira kubvisa kugadzirisa sipo (300 Gr. Soap mugomo wemvura). Sprayed muchirimo.
2. Flower chitemamachira - makonye aya kudya kure muchero. Zvinobatsira kuchiparadza, "Decis" (0.05-0.01%) kana "trichlorfon" (0.1-0.3%).

Zvirwere zvinogona kutaurwa powdery nokuora. Kunoratidzwa kuva powdery unhani pamusoro mashizha, mabukira uye michero.

Rasa zvinobatsira colloidal mhinduro rwesarufa (0.5%), sarufa-lime-sarufa muvhenganiswa kana madota muto. First sprayed apo kuyaruka mashizha ipapo ose 2-3 masvondo uye. Zvikuru nhungirwa utachiona anofanira kubviswa uye kupiswa.

Barberry ngura mukirasi iyi sei isingasviki dzimwe mhando barberry.

Propagation uye kurima barberry Amur

Inoparadzirwa miti kuburikidza kupatsanura mugwenzi, midzi, cheka uye mbeu. With wokutanga zvose pachena, funga Amur barberry kukura kubva kumbeu.

Dyara mbeu, zvinoodza kuwa. Freshly taitanha michero kusamuendesa, kupepeta achishandisa nesefa, sukurudza hangu pakaoma.

chirimwa pacharo rinoitwa munyika pre-akagadzirira mihoronga ari kudzika hapana anopfuura 1 masendimita ivhu yaikura Amur barberry kunofanira inotsikwa yakaorera, uye nharaunda -. akazaruka uye yakanyatsojeka. Mukutanga kwezhizha, mbeu imere rakabatana. richi- kura mbesa kana pachava maviri mashizha chaicho, vanoda mutete panze, vachisiya pakati pavo chinhambwe vanenge 3 cm. Zvadaro, zviri nani kwete ndinobvisa mizambiringa yakabva kumwe, transplanting zvinogoneka pashure pemakore maviri.

kushandisa barberry

Uchishandisa Amur barberry chinoumbwa nezvinhu zvakawanda. Kunze kwayo zvokurapa ehupfumi kuti barberry mumakwenzi anoumba nemakwenzi uye curbs. nemiti ava zvinhu zvakaisvonaka nechepakati Russia. Ruzhowa vacho kwegore risingapindiki. Vanogona kuva nyore kuchekwa, kuita chero chimiro zvikwenzi. Barberry zvakakodzera soliternyh, uye nokuda boka pakudyara, kurimwa munyika padombo mapindu uye sezvo pasi viomak.

vemarudzi

Inonyanya kufarirwa dzakasiyana-siyana Amur barberry - ndiye Orpheus uye japonica.

Orpheus - chitsidzo mumakwenzi vashoma saizi. inopenya mashizha ake uye haana anotumbuka.

Japonica vane yakafara mashizha uye refu tsvuku Inflorescence, vachirembedza ari muchimiro bhurasho. Pamusana chirimwa ichi akanaka kwazvo.