Bank of England: nhoroondo uye tsananguro

Of zvose nechepakati pemahombekombe Europe, ari Bank wokuEngland chinobatanidza nzvimbo chaiyo kukudzwa, uye pane zvikonzero zvakanaka chaizvo. Kutaura zvazviri, ndiye miviri shasha. Kunze chokwadi kuti zera rake zvikuru kupfuura zvimwe European mabhanga ehurumende-anazvo, uyewo ndizvo mukuru urongwa zvemari yose Albion. Ndosaka vakwira pamwe tamba zita "Old Lady", saka hinting kuna Rumhangapanga ake.

Sei uye kana Central Bank of England rakaumbwa

Yesangano iri inotanga muna 1694. Kunyange zvazvo hurumende uye namambo England vaida chikwereti mari hondo France. Mumwe financier wokuScotland anonzi William Peterson, vakwira pfungwa pakusika chevanorwara chaiyo zvemari, izvo zvaizoita kudhinda Banknotes itsva uye nokudaro akafukidza bhajeti dhefisiti. Somugumisiro kudanda kambani vadyi, varidzi zvakanga dzinenge 1260 shareholders wakasikwa, kusanganisira mambo pachake, uye Nhengo vanoverengeka dzeParamende. Ukuru yokutanga yakavamba vakasvika makirogiramu gumi zana, uye mari idzi dzaiva chikwereti yokutanga hurumende. Saka paiva Bank of England - sangano, pasina iro zvakaoma kufungidzira kwaizova mari gadziriro iri kupfuura UK uye dzimwe nyika dzakawanda.

Nhoroondo inotungamirwa

Pakutanga, sangano iri anekodzero kupa zvikwereti yakasimbiswa, kuti kuitisa mabasa pamwe zvokutengeserana zvikwereti, nyaya zvikwereti zvokutsinhanisa, kutenga nokutengesa goridhe nesirivha. Mambo akanga asiri pana simba raro Mhedziso - kugamuchira chikwereti, aifanira kuwana mvumo yeParamende. Zvinofanira akati kuti kusvikira 1979, gore vasina mitemo inodzora basa tsika iyi. Uye chete gore rino, zvave pakupedzisira rabvumwa kuMudzidzisi mutemo, maererano izvo Bank of England anoronga zvose zvikwereti masangano, dhipoziti-kupinza. Kubvira panguva iyoyo, pashure pokuongorora mumwe nomumwe wavo akagamuchira itsva hweHIV. Vanova kana kuzivikanwa Bank of England, kana marezinesi makambani vanogamuchira deposits. Iroro 1979, zviremera munyika kutora mumaoko avo vaiomerera, vachitungamirirwa Margaret Thatcher, uye pfungwa anova mari negwaro. Kuzvidzora mabasa mabhanga kunze nehurumende kuburikidza kutengeswa uye kutenga wevimbiso manotsi. Ipapo ugouya makore 90, uye vanoonekwa kuchikosheswa rakazaruka musika kushandiswa. The Bank of England, aite chirevo Treasury, unopinda kwema kuitira waidzora pamwero vemamwe chinjanai reserves. Uyezve, anogona uye anofanira kupindira kudzora mwero reNational mari. Muna 1997, pakati Bank of England, ari Office Kwakavandudzwa uye finregulirovaniyu uye Treasury akasaina gwaro, iyo inorondedzera zvinotaurwa uye mamiriro avo ishande, zvainanga kuunza mari kutsiga mamiriro. Zvegore, muna May, iri nechepakati bhengi anogamuchira kubva hurumende kodzero kusarudza voga kuti kukosha mubereko prices.

utariri

Musoro sangano maneja zvemari ichi (basa upenyu - 5 years), chikamu Directorate. Kunze kwake mumuviri ichi chikamu une 16 nhengo, yakatarwa Hurumende kwemakore matatu. 4 Director ndezvaJehovha mudonzvo Bank, apo 12 vasara - ndicho misoro nemakambani makuru. Directorate vanosungirwa kusangana kanenge kamwe pamwedzi mumwe uye kukurira zvose nyaya vanenge chokuita mashandiro ari Bank. mibvunzo ipi inoshanda vari kugadziriswa panguva ufanane Treasury Committee, chine 5 vatungamiriri, maneja wake nemutevedzeri.