Baghdad - guta guru iro nyika? Baghdad: ruzivo pamusoro guta, wokukwezva vashanyi, tsananguro

The guta, iro riri mu mumwoyo East yekare, iyo zvino hunopfuura matongo munyika dangwe mapurani monument - uyu Baghdad. Guta guru Iraq, kushandurirwa mumutauro Russian unorira "Chipo chaMwari". Zvechokwadi, kunyange ipapo, iwe unoziva kuti muchadenga neimwe uye square, kuvaka ose - zvose pano une Aura chaiyo pachake kuti yaiita ungasunga zvekare zvikuru kure uye chipo yatiri kurarama iye zvino.

General ruzivo pamusoro guta

Mumarenje Mesopotamia, pamahombekombe yeBhaibheri rwaTigirisi nhasi ndiro guta guru kweBaghdad. Guta guru iro nyika vanogona kufarira isu pamwe yakadaro yakawanda mapurani netsika pazvivako, vane midzi yavo kure kare? Zvichida, kwete. Guta iri riri munzvimbo nenzvimbo pakati nyika, Iraq, mumupata nzizi mbiri, iyo Bhaibheri pacharo rinotaura - rwaTigrisi uye rwizi rwaYufratesi. Kunze chokwadi kuti guta rizere zvivako yekare, nhasi zviri zvakare huru chokufambisa nomusimboti rehurumende. Pane imwe yendege, njanji dzemapurisa, uyewo rwizi chengarava iyo unyatsoshanda Tigirisi vari aiwanzotuma ngarava mvura Persian Gulf.

Ancient Baghdad: kare, zvinotyisa

Hazvina chakavanzika kuti guta guru kuitika kumabvazuva mamiriro Iraq yakavakirwa pamusoro matongo ane ekare. Zviri pano, Mesopotamia, kwaiva kutanga munharaunda yose, iyo nokukurumidza tinoshandurirwa guta uye nyika. Vanhu vakanga kare kugarwa nyika, vaitakura zita sevaSumer. Pavanondirwisa vakapemberera nokugadzirwa mahwendefa ecuneiform, hwaishandiswa magetsi matongo vakakwanisa kudzorera yakawanda mumapeji nhoroondo idzodzo. Kunyange 2nd chemakore BC. e. munzvimbo idzi akaumba Sumerian-weAkkadian umambo. mutongi wokutanga uyo anotaurwa zvinyorwa zvakanyorwa Urukagina. Makore zvaaifamba uye remakore, uye zvishoma nezvishoma zvikuru kare vanhu venyika (kureva sevaSumer) akatanga kufa panze. Mesopotamia akasarudzwa Akkadians zvachose. Maererano ayo zvokunze data, vane zvakawanda zvakafanana ne navaArabhu ano uyo zvino vogaramo uye Baghdad. The guru, iyo yakura pamusoro idzi panguva yokutonga kwavo, anozivikanwa munyika, uye zita rake - Bhabhironi.

Kingdoms kuti uchiri mupenyu

Center ushe weBhabhironi, zvakafanana guta wayo kunozivikanwa shongwe yakavakwa muna 100 chete kubva Baghdad ano. Metropolis zvenyika yekare, yakanga vakapakata kudiridzwa ezvinhu, chivakwa yakajeka uye mumugwagwa mepu uye nharaunda, izvo, sezvinei, vakanga yakavhenekerwa somwenje. Guta, iro panguva yakanga yakakura chiteshi uye shipbuilding pakati, zvino yakafukidzirwa nejecha East. Kucherwa vakatakudzwa kubva pamusoro nharaunda weBhabhironi, nemhaka iyo kare vakawana kuti guta kutambura mapopoma matatu. Ake rakavakwazve uye chaizvoizvo azopora kubva mumadota zvehondo dzakawanda uye vachirwisa. Panguva yake yokupedzisira nguva - Umambo Hwechipiri hweBhabhironi - veko vakanga kuedza kuna Mwari, vari mubasa rokuvaka shongwe vakakurumbira. Zvaizobuda nyaya anozivikanwa kuna vose, uye ikozvino, kuwedzera nheyo iyi mamiriro hombe, tine chinhu.

sei guta Baghdad

Guta guru nyika asi kana yakavakwa pamusoro madota uye matongo ekare ... uye Iraq hakuna anosara. Uyu ndiwo rimwe remaguta shoma kuti yakasiyana chaizvo zvetsika Islamic munharaunda. Airatidza takabatikana mumhepo dzose zvitendero netsika, izvo akatonga munyika yake kare. Saka, muna 762 pamahombekombe rwaTigirisi ikoko akararama kusvikira nhasi guta kweBaghdad. Unyanzvi Islam, zvinokosha kuziva, vakaenda kunyika ipapa - zvinoti, makore ane zana. Guta pacharo yakavakwa sezvo guru, rakanga kuva nhare chitendero chitsva, tsika itsva, uye tsika, zviri, chokwadi, akanga ave. Pamutemo vaiona muvambi Baghdad Caliph Al-Mansur. Under utungamiriri hwake dzakavakwa ipapo chikuru zvengarava, nhare, kuenda kuhondo. Mumakore 9-10 emakore vakasuwa Baghdad haana chete chikuru chengarava kuMiddle East, asi rimwe remaguta akanaka kwazvo, apo vanhu vaibva munyika yose. Muzana remakore rechi20 kwakasarudzwa kuti pamutemo akanyorwa kuti guta Baghdad - guta guru Iraq, uyewo tsika muzinda vechiIslam nyika.

Climate uye ekunze

Kupindana parwendo kuenda kunzvimbo itsva upi, zvakakosha pakutanga kuziva kuti mamiriro ekunze ari kumirira ikoko. Pashure pezvose, pfungwa nyaradzo panguva kufamba uye kufamba - iri rinokosha, zvikasadaro, nemaonero zvose zvichabviswa hwevanovatadzira. Saka, guta guru Iraq - Baghdad, guta riri murenje mapazi, munzvimbo ine kazhinji pane mhepo yakasimba, mvura, uye zvikuru kashoma chete kunayisa. Nokuti kuti guta iri kure kugungwa, okunze pano zvishoma mvura, zvishoma Continental. In yechando tembiricha inogona inowira 10 madhigirii masikati, uye kunyange kusvika 5 usiku. Zhizha zuva rapisa rakaoma, uye mhepo huru kune +44 ^{° C} uye pamusoro. December naJanuary - ndiyo nguva apo mvura uye bvungapfunga yakafukidzirwa Baghdad. Guta guru vechiIslam nyika panguva kuchitonhora uye kunyorova, haisi varumbidzwa kuenda pano muchando. Zvakanakisisa kushanyira guta mumatsutso, kana kupisa dzaserera, kana chitubu, kana kudziya kunze pano ari ichangotanga. Kana muzhizha, kunze kuchipisa, ikoko kuitika hasminy - jecha madutu, izvo zvinogona upenyu pangozi.

The Nhaka emakore akapfuura

Munhu wose anoziva kuti Baghdad - guta guru Iraq zvikuru uye chakaoma muupenyu. Tevera nhoroondo yeguta zvinogona, tichifunga nhoroondo zvivako ayo, ramakagadzwa ruzhinji - a Mosque yakavakwa panguva dzakasiyana. Chief pakati pavo - the Golden Mosque pamusoro Musa al-Kadhim, umo mune mausoleum. Uyu akanyorwa chivako nechepakati peguta, nekuti kuwana hazvisi nyore. Kunze yekare Metropolis akagadzirisa hapana zvishoma akanaka dzinoyera vaMuslim: Bunnie uye Ramadan Mosque, El Kadimayn, Umm Al Mahar, Dzhavaat Al-Al-Rahman, uye vamwe vakawanda. Pamwe navo dzinoturwa mausoleums, umo vakavigwa vatongi uye vatungamiriri vechitendero. Zvivako vechiKristu risingakanganwiki uyewo Anozvirumbidza Baghdad. Information pamusoro guta uye nhoroondo yaro rine chokwadi kuti pane nguva dzakawanda akasika nemunharaunda dzavo, vokuArmenia, uye vamwe vagari nyika pedyo. Nokuti zvinokosha Shongwe kereke St. Mariya uye yeKatorike St. Thomas.

Modernity chacho imprints

Very akasiyana, yepakutanga uye kujairika Baghdad ano. Guru Iraqi wehurumende nhasi - ndiwo musha zhinji yakamanikana sandara migwagwa kuti wakakomberedzwa kupiswa dzimba yakaderera. A chikuru vari raitangira misika apo unogona kutenga zvinenge chinhu. Kufanana vose guru munyika, Baghdad akadada youmbozha dzokugara, dzaiva kumba enyika akakurumbira nhamba. Pakati pavo kusiyanisa muzinda Saddam Hussein Al-Rihab, apo nhasi unogona kuwana chete rwokuparidza. Pamwe naye muguta mune sere dzoushe zvaiva mutongi yapfuura, vakapararira munzvimbo dzakasiyana. No zvishoma kwoumbozha ndivo dzimba Paramende uye hurumende yacho. Uyewo ari Iraqi guta rine mamiziyamu zhinji. Pakati pavo tinogona kuwana muchiuto, matongo miziyamu yekare zvaishandiswa of Arab Museum of Modern Art uye Ethnographic. kushanya kwavo kunokosha vakasvimha, asi pfungwa kunopfuura zvakakwana.

zvomunharaunda chili

Kuziva ane guru Baghdad, mumwe anogona vafunga, kunyange kunaka chaizvo, pamusoro pemhando chikafu pano. Guta rine kumaresitorendi zhinji kudaro, zviri vakadzikama, izvo zvinogona zvakanaka kusuma mushanyi mumwe chete Iraqi chili. The Zvinoumba ndiro zvinosanganisira gwayana, veal, yehuku, mbudzi zvikurukuru, asi chero zvazvingava, kwete nyama yenguruve. Meat appetizers inogona kuwedzerwa miriwo, kazhinji steamed kana pickled. The maitiro chinoratidza iyoyo chaiyo dhishi ndohwaJehovha Iraqi kicheni ndiro guru nhamba ezvinonhuhwira. Pakati divi ndiro iri Baghdad uchawana gorosi kana zviyo grits. Of ekupedzisira kazhinji anoita makeke (dzinonaka chaizvo), iyo vanonzi "moto". Nokuti dhizeti, gadzirira kuti misi, Halva kana candied. Cherechedza kuti zvinwiwa vari vakashumira pano kana tii akaita pamusoro michero yakaomeswa kana kofi. Mukaka atora rakasanganiswa nemvura, uye doro rinogona kuwanikwa chete tradition Iraqi zvinobata - Mutengo.

Entertainment muna Baghdad

Pasinei chokwadi kuti guta iri evasingatombonamati Islamic, uye siyana rusununguko pano rishandiswe, kuwana varaidzo nokuti mweya ichiripo zvinobvira. Chivaraidzo mumapaki, nzvimbo ine kurarama mhuka, dzinochengetwa mhuka, picturesque alleys uye raitangira misika - nekubudirira kwevanhu ivavo vakakurumbira Baghdad. Capital pamusoro Iran, Tehran, zvakare mumwe nzvimbo yacho chitendero wechiMuzirimu, asi tinoona kuti muguta zvinhu kupfuura hakunakidzi. Vashanyi kazhinji kunyonganisa izvi kunyika mbiri, uye isiri tenda kuti Iran kuuya nazvo zvakawanda zvinoshamisa, asi chokwadi ndechokuti zvikuru kudaro. Pano iwe chokutyira pamwe vana, kuchovha Vatasvi, edza vemo zvihwitsi, uye pashure kufamba pamusoro yakanaka mitema alleys, takapoteredzwa yemichindwe. No nzira zvishoma vakakodzera kuva nguva huru, rwendo kuenda zoo. In Baghdad, rinopa kupfuura isingawanzowanikwi cup vagere inopisa fauna of.

Kugumisa ...

Kwete kusuwa, kutyisa uye mwoyo, sezvo isu kazhinji tsanangura munhau, zviri chaizvoizvo muguta Baghdad. Guta guru mamiriro, apo riri uye chii aripo, kwete vose anoziva, asi kana iwe atarire kwayo munhoroondo, tsika uye kuongorora kanenge kamwe kuenda ikoko, tinogona kuona zvakasiyana. Ishoko kwechiIslam Museum, izvo rinobatanidza yekare zvitendero uye unhu navaArabhu, uye rinodhindira zviri kuitika.