ATF - Oil kuti otomatiki transmissions. Unhu, kushandiswa, pasherufu upenyu. Kugarisana ATF mafuta

Automatic transmissions regai kushanda zvetsika giya anonhuwirira. Vakazadza rinokosha ATF-mafuta. mvura iyi iri kumusoro viscosity nziyo kuti zvicherwa kana chakaita zvokugadzirwa chawo. zvinwiwa kwakadaro nokuti otomatiki transmissions anobvumira anoita hurongwa, chidhiraivho uye inoshanda ine giya kuchinja. Uyewo mvura iri chinopfuudzwa nomukombiyuta torque kubva muinjini kusvika otomatiki hutachiwana. Uyezve kugonyesa ATF-mafuta uye inotonhodza frictional zvikamu navo.

Sei akamisa ATF

Automatic hutachiwana kokutanga akamisa 1938. avake ichi ainzi Hydramatic. It Featured ane Vacuum gadziriro ane giya chinja. chikwata ichi akasikwa nemasimba Pontiac mainjiniya. Kunyange ipapo, ungano yaiva chikamu automaker General Motors. Sezvo General Motors vasati vatanga chero itsva kukura kwaro Akasarudza pre-tikaona akaedzwa pazvinhu zvose, idzva otomatiki hutachiwana paakagadzwa pachigaro Oldsmobile. Miedzo vakabudirira. Zvino, muna '39 "GIDROMATIK" akagadzwa somushonga pamusoro motokari Oldsmobile Custom 8 ngarawa. Tinorasikirwa $ 57 nezvechisarudzo ichi.

Basa General Motors kukura wokutanga ATF

Pakazopera 40-ies ari otomatiki hutachiwana atova yaizivikanwa chikamu motokari. Hazvishamisi kuti chokutanga ATF-mafuta otomatiki kupararira wakasikwa Zviri General Motors nyanzvi. Yakanga dzenyika pakutanga Specification nokuda hutachiwana mvura mvura. Rainzi Type A. The mvura yakatangwa muna 1949. Zvadaro, GM akatanga kuumba giya anonhuwirira, uye, gare gare, kuti atsaure, kuti sarudza kwazvo inoomesera zvinodiwa kwavari. Products, izvo zvakasikwa zviri General Motots mumarabhoritari nokuda kushaya makwikwi, akava International Standard hydraulic zvinwiwa chero mhando otomatiki hutachiwana.

From Whale mafuta kusvikira matsva michina

Muna 1957, boka raivapo Specification watopiwa zvinobudirira akaongororwa uye akasarudza kuwedzera imwe chikumbiro chitsva duku - yedzimudzangara Urume Type A Suffix A (chidimbu ATF-TASA). Pashure pemakore 10, isu akasika munhu Specification mu (ichi ATF Dexron-B). Sezvo mukuru chirungiso, kuburikidza icho mvura yave lubricating ehupfumi, rinoshandiswa manda - mumwe mafuta riri akawana kubva hove huru. Asi zvino kukura michina iri kugadzirwa otomatiki transmissions zvakakonzera hanya kusuma chinhu chitsva. Saka, muna 1973, zvakanga yakada Specification itsva Dexron 2C. Muna 1981 ichatsiviwa ne Dexron-2D. Kamwe vesangano yakawanda pamusoro negativity zvemhuka kodzero mapoka, uyewo pashure kurambidzwa hove pamusoro hove huru, boka muna 1991 kuti uvhure nzira itsva payakavakirwa Dexron-2E. The musiyano pakati chigadzirwa ichi - kuti akasikwa iri chakaita zvokugadzirwa hwaro. Apfuura, girisi yakavakirwa mafuta chicherwa.

Kuzvarwa Dexron-4

Muna 1994, nyika yose vomunharaunda akadzidza pamusoro nokurondedzerwa itsva dzakanga yakataurwa zvaidiwa itsva kuti zvivako zviri viscosity netembiricha unhu. Uyewo, kuti Specification chinoreva nani frictional ehupfumi. It Dextron-3F uye Dextron-3G. Pashure pemakore 8 kubva Dextron-3h. Asi chinonyanya ano uye chinonyanya vanachandagwinyira - hwakanga ATF Dexron-4. Chokwadi, nhasi kune dzimwe nokurondedzerwa kubva dzimwe motokari vagadziri. It Hofori akadai Ford, Toyota, Huinday nevamwe.

The ATF rakasiyana nemamwe giya mafuta?

Kuti tinzwisise musiyano, zvinokosha kutaura nyaya kure. The Motokari inoshandiswa injini mafuta, gearbox, hydraulic amplifiers uye ATF-mafuta. Ndezvipi zvakafanana pakati zvose mvura izvi? Panguva mwoyo kwemafuta aya Mahydrocarbon, izvo yaunganidzwa kubudiswa zvicherwa. Izvi zvinopa zvimwe zvakafanana unhu. All izvi zvinoreva Have lubricating zvivako, rakawedzera kukweshera pakati zvishoma nezvishoma mumatope hukawanika. Uyewo, vose Urume Data vane zvakanaka kupisa nounzenza unhu. Maererano ayo kusachinja-chinja, ivo yakafanana. Ndizvo zvakafanana zvose magumo. Dzimwe nguva kukonzera blunders apo ruzivo muchairi anozadza iri otomatiki mafuta kupfuudzwa kuti "hurongwa", uye iri simba gozvo - akamedura Urume.

The inokosha ehupfumi pamusoro ATF

ATF-mafuta ari chimwe chezvinhu zvakaoma mvura mu sezvamunoita pakati zvose noukama wemisanganiswa zvinoshandiswa nemotokari ano. By lubrication yakakwirira zvinodiwa nemitemo akadaro. The mafuta inofanira kuva lubricating kushanda - nokudaro achidzikisa kukweshera uye panguva imwecheteyo kunoderedza kusakara zvinhu zviri PPC. Kana ichi kukweshera simba kukweshera mumapoka kukuru. Izvi zvichaita kuderedza pitikoti Akadamburanya zvisungo uye dzimwe dzakabatana. Zviri mumwe zvinokosha zvivako - kupisa chinja. The mafuta ane refu fluidity uye chafariz conductivity unhu. The mvura hazvirevi foam mukufamba basa. Chinhu chinokosha - Kugadzikana, kureva kushaya oxidative pezvakaitwa pasi kudziyisa refu tembiricha panguva kuonana okisijeni. Mukuwedzera, mafuta vanofanira kuva uye Anti-ngura ehupfumi. Izvi zvinokosha kuitira kudzivirira ngura pamusoro pezviri nodes ari mashandiro. nokuti otomatiki hutachiwana Urume anofanira hydrophobic (kukwanisa kuvaparadzanisa mwando kure pachiso). Zvakafanira kuti mvura zvabatwa ayo kuyerera unhu uye hydraulic maitiro. ATF-mafuta ane yakatsiga unhu uye yakakwirira mwero compression ari broadest inobvira tembiricha siyana. Achiri nevakawanda aionekwa somunhu pfungwa - kuderera rakapinza simba kuburikidza otomatiki kupfuudzwa uye pamberi dhayi.

Typical nokurondedzerwa nokuti otomatiki hutachiwana lubricants

Funga nokurondedzerwa anoverengeka ATF mafuta, maitiro uye nhamba. Nokuti Specification Dexron-2 kinematic viscosity kuti 37,7 pa 40 ° C. At madhigirii 100, ndiye richava 8.1. For Dexron-3 kinematic viscosity uye haina kwezvipimo, uyewo mamwe nokurondedzerwa. Oil viscosity ATF Bruksfildu maererano Dexron-2 panguva tembiricha 20. madhigirii kunge 2000 mPa pa 30 - 6000 mPas, pa 40 - 50 000 mPas. The chete parameter nokuda Dexron-3 10, kana kumanikidzwa - 1500 MPa. Flash pfungwa - kwete kuvatumwa 190 madhigirii kuna Dexron-2. For Dexron-3 - parameter uyu 179 madhigirii, asi kwete kupfuura 185.

Kugarisana ATF mafuta

mafuta Chero (hazvina basa, ndiko chicherwa kana chakaita zvokugadzirwa) inogona hwakakanyiwa pasina zvaitika. Zvechokwadi, zvakawanda yepamusoro zvinwiwa kwakavandudza kuita uye zvivako. Kana zvikamu ano Urume pakudini kuti kuda kuvandudza zvivako mafuta vakazadzwa. The Specification vakura, rezasi Specification zvichava nhaka. Uyewo ATF mafuta pasherefu upenyu yatovapo zvikuru ezasi. Nyanzvi dzinorumbidza kuchinja Urume ichi ose 70,000 makiromita. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti vakawanda vagadziri ano havasi nokudzorwa yokutsiva nguva nemvura. Rizere-kuti-upenyu. Asi kana motokari iri akachengetwa 200 000 makiromita ari mafuta chete hakuna kunaka chaizvo. Chokwadi chokuti mvura iri otomatiki hutachiwana riri kushanda. Zvakanga iye uyo transmits ari torque kubva muinjini kusvikira mumavhiri. mafuta Izvi nguva muzviito, kunyange kana muchina uri pamwero kwazvakarerekera. Nokufamba kwenguva, izvozvo anounganidza kugadzirwa kwezvokudya. Izvi swarf izvo clogs ari firita uye Switch. Somugumisiro, bhokisi asisiri ishande zvakanaka. Zvino mubvunzo kugarisana. Hapana muchiso haana zvakazara pachena mashoko ose pamusoro murwiyo uye zvivako zviri anobudiswa Urume. Kakawanda, Vagadziri yakaganhurirwa yokutengesa mashoko uye kushambadza, chinogombedzera chete kutenga chimwe chigadzirwa. Asi kazhinji mashoko ichi hakuna wakarurama. varumbidzwa Urume pamwe nekukakavadzana unhu kuti transmissions pamwe torque convert kiya omarara usanganidzo. For otomatiki hutachiwana pamwe zvechizarira-GTP anofanira kuzadza zvinhu pamwe siyana ehupfumi. Pakupedzisira, pasinei otomatiki hutachiwana womuenzaniso, zvose mitezo, mabheyaringi, rachulis uye nezvimwe zvinhu zviri akagadzirwa zvakafanana zvinhu. Uye zvinoreva kuti rakasiyana-siyana ATF haasi kunyanya zvakasiyana mumwe.

On peculiarities wokushanda uye kugarisana

Kana mafuta nechakatsinhiwa mubhokisi rose, saka zvakanaka kuti kutenga nzira anodhura. Zvakakodzera kufunga dzose kana shanduka kukweshera unhu. Kana bhajeti iri shoma, ipapo kunyange aenderane zvakasikwa mafuta ATF. Kushandiswa kwaro hakurevi kukanganisa kunaka kwebasa bhokisi. Kana Urume iri zvikamu kumusoro, nyanzvi dzinokurudzira kushandiswa zvivezwa boka yakakwirira, kana kanenge kwete kudzika kupfuura chakakandirwa. Asi kana zvekuvaka zvasvika 70,000 makiromita, zvinoda yokutsiva wakakwana. Zviri chinodiwa kubereka chimwezve nokushamba. oparesheni Izvi zvinotora kusvikira mamwe 20 litres mafuta. Zvinokosha hakusi chisingakoshi, asi kutonga nezvinooneka wongororo, kuvhiyiwa anonyatsorayiridzwa runoparara Chips. Asi ayo Kuvapo unozivikanwa kuti zvakaoma kushanda chinhu otomatiki hutachiwana.

Saka, takazoziva chii ATF-mafuta otomatiki hutachiwana.