A pfupi mabhuku ongororo: "rejubheri" (Mayakovsky). Features romunyori nhetembo

Zvikuru kuti hunhu Russian nhetembo ari 1920s, ine kudzokorora mabhuku Soviet yayo ongororo. "Rejubheri" (Mayakovsky - munyori of nhetembo) Panhau iyi inonakidza zvikuru, nekuti mairi mudetembi akaratidza maonero ake pamusoro chekare uye ano mabhuku. Uye yokufananidzira, ake yekushandisa chimwe chimiro yepakutanga, muchidimbu enhetembo Biography ake panguva ino.

prehistory

Nokuti kunzwisisa nyanduri wacho funga rimwe anokosha mabasa nomunyori, achaita kuitisa ongororo yayo. "Rejubheri" Mayakovsky akanyora muna 1924, panguva chaiyo paakanzi yakati rakadzokororwa maonero ake pamusoro dzekare mabhuku. Creation basa iri rinofanira zvakabatana chaizvo kuti kunyora kwavo gumi apfuura turakiti Futurists, akakudanai kuti kukanganwa nebudiriro dzekare mabhuku, kurirasa zvose vaimbova vakuru vakuru akwegura uye kutanga kuumba mutauro mutsva uye nhetembo.

Zvisinei, Kabhuku ichi, akasikwa mweya nguva yake, aiva paruzhinji kuchema, kubva vanyori vakawanda, kunyange kutsvaka zvachose itsva siyana kutaura pfungwa dzavo uye manzwiro, asi kana nezvezvakanaka Classics, kana dzinenge vanoremekedza kwavari. Mayakovsky nevatsigiri vake akatarira zvakasiyana uye vakanga zvikuru kukuru zvinzvimbo kuvandudzwa mabhuku. Zvisinei, makore gumi gare gare, munyori anenge rethought mafungiro aro dzekare mabhuku, izvo zvinoratidzwa basa rake idzva.

On Pushkin

With musoro nhetembo vanofanira kutanga kwayo yokudzokorora uye nekungorora. "Rejubheri" (Mayakovsky saka yokufananidzira akamudana nokuti akanga ava 125 gore yokuberekwa Pushkin) chinotanga nokutaura nezve Aleksandru Sergeevichu. Zvakanyorwa chake nenzira kujairana chipiriso mamirire kutaura mwoyo mwoyo. Nechekare mukukwezva ichi kuti tsitsi pamusoro Mayakovsky, "zuva wokuRussia nhetembo". Pasinei asi zvaizivikanwa matauriro, munyori zvisinei airemekedza chaizvo anotaura pamusoro Pushkin, anoziva kubudirira ake kukura mabhuku Russian vakawanda uye nhetembo zvikuru. Anoisa pachake nayo chete yakati sandara, kukungura kuti nyanduri vaigara yakasiyana nguva. In ichi pakarepo kuedza kuisa zita renyu pedyo Pushkin pachena chido munyori kusvika mashoko pamwe Classics. Mayakovsky kunyange ruregerero Aleksandrom Sergeevichem nokuda mapepa avo, vachiti kuti ikozvino kuchiva zvose izvi ouduku zviri pamusoro pake.

On vamwe vadetembi

Kuwedzera Pushkin, mudetembi anopa anoona uye vamutangira uye vakararama. Somuenzaniso, iye arumbidzwe Nekrasov nokuda chokwadi kuti akanga "Muchinda wavo", kunyange yokupedzisira akanyorawo rudo uye nekunzwisisa mashoko, izvo inoshora kubudikidza Mayakovsky, achifunga izvozvo zvisingakoshi uye pasina kuti echimurenga anoparadzirwa. Kuongorora mamiriro kwechikuva rokutanga kukura nhetembo Soviet zvinofanira kucherechedzwa rinonyatsooneka mabasa uye kuti varambe chinyorwa kuongorora. "Rejubheri" (Mayakovsky murondedzero iyi zvinopa yera mabhuku Russian) zvinotora mupfungwa iyi, nzvimbo inokosha. It akataurawo mudetembi Yesenin, izvo vakabvuma asi nehasha. Zvinozivikanwa kuti vari ideologically vaishora mumwe: zvakare yakasiyana basa vanhu ava.

ukoshi

Yakakurukura chigadzirwa kuchikosha chaizvo kunzwisisa shanduka Nyanduri wacho maonero. Mayakovsky yose yakaramba wechokwadi unyanzvi misimboti ake; haasiyi kunzwisisa nhetembo senzira simba nokuda echimurenga kutamburira uye hunoshanda kuchinja vanhu, asi ari kuongorora mafungiro aro vamutangira, kuti munhu akadai munyori, kwaikosha chaizvo. Mayakovsky detembo "rejubheri" Zvinofadza nekuti mairi munyori, kunyange ari akavanzika, akafukidzwa, anobvuma zvimwe zvikanganiso vechidiki. Rinopa mashoko ane Artist kukuru, uyo aiziva kukanganisa kwavo uye akaziva yake dzose bhendesera chimiro akareurura kwavari.

Uyezve, basa Zvinofadza rayo kugutsikana kwouzivi: nayo kunomutsa mibvunzo youpenyu norufu (somuenzaniso, mudetembi anotaura asingagumi, izvo zvichaita nepakati uye ayananise pamwe Pushkin), kukosha nhetembo muupenyu paruzhinji (pano munyori rakanyatsojeka nehasha mazano avo, po- achiri pokutsoropodza acho uye kudanana madingindira). basa iri yakanyorwa anozivikanwa mazhinji mabasa Mayakovsky fomu. Zvinonzi yakavakwa muchimiro manera, pfupi yokufunga yakaratidzwa pfupi uye muchidimbu. Nhetembo "rejubheri" (Mayakovsky) ane accentual ndima saizi, izvo anohupa sonority chikuru nekusimba manyorerwo nokuti akarayira chete kushandiswa ngoma uye unstressed mabhii anoshandiswa mune chero kuti. On chikoro mabhuku makirasi kudzidza chirongwa yedzidzo kweSoviet inopa vana kuongorora nhetembo "rejubheri." Mayakovsky - nyanduri nani chairwo, ndosaka basa rake rinoda uwane kuongorora uye nokunzwisisa.