20 amino acids ari yemaitiro, tafura zita

Hazvina chakavanzika kuti munhu kuraramisa yakakwirira azvipire vanoda mapuroteni - rudzi kuvaka zvinhu nokuti muviri tishu; of puroteni chinosanganisira 20 amino acids, mazita ayo hazvingaiti kuti vachati, vanhuwo mushandi hofisi. Munhu wese, kunyanya kana isu nezvazvo vakadzi, akambonzwa collagen uye puroteni - mapuroteni kuti vane basa pakuonekwa zvipikiri, ganda uye bvudzi.

Amino acids - chii?

Amino acids (kana aminocarboxylic asidhi; AMK; peptides) - Organic remubatanidzwa muna 16% zvinosanganisira amines - Organic nomukaka zviri Ammonium, - chinosiyanisa kubva makabhohaidhiretsi uye lipids. Ivo vanobatanidzwa mune biosynthesis mapuroteni pachitunha; iri zvomudumbu ino nokupesvedzera makemikari, vose mapuroteni vanobva nezvokudya dzaputswa kupinda AMC. Zvose zvakasikwa, pane vanenge 200 peptides, asi pakuvaka womunhu muviri muzvirongwa zvose 20 zvinokosha amino acids, izvo rakakamurwa zvinokosha uye zvisingakoshi; dzimwe nguva pane mhando wechitatu - poluzamenimye (pamadiro exchanges).

zvisingakoshi amino acids

Zvisingakoshi amino acids vaya vari vaviri zvaparadzwa zvokudya, uye vari kuburitswa zvakananga muviri kubva zvimwe zvinhu.

• Alanine - monomer ndiyo vazhinji zvoutachiona yeimwe nemapurotini. Anotakura mumwe chikuru gluconeogenesis turakiti, i.e. ari chiropa iri vatendeukira Shuga, ndiEzekieri. A zvikuru kushingaira nhengo metabolic pezvakaitwa mumuviri.
• Arginine - AMC kuti inogona synthesized mumuviri mukuru asi kwete vanokwanisa kwetunhu mumuviri mwana. Zvinokurudzira kugadzirwa kukura kemikari uye nevamwe. The chete mutakuri senitrogen yeimwe pamuviri. Anotsigirwa wakawedzera kwetsandanyama uye ungaderedza namafuta.
• Asparagine - mumwe peptide munyaya senitrogen muviri. Munguva zvakaitwa pamwe enzayemu asparaginase unodokwairira pamusoro amoniya uye dzikwanise aspartic acid.
• Aspartic asidhi - chikamu mukusika immunoglobulin deactivates amoniya. Zvakakodzera kana malfunctions ari huta uye zvemwoyo nehurongwa.
• Histidine - kushandiswa mukudzivirira uye vabatwe gastrointestinal zvirwere; It ane mafungire kuitika mukurwisa AIDS. Chengetedza muviri kubva zvinokonzerwa mupfungwa.
• Glycine - neuromediatory amino acid. Kushandiswa sezvo munyoro kunyaradza uye antidepressant mumiririri. It runogonesa zvinoita zvimwe zvinodhaka neuroprotective.
• Glutamine - inzwi guru chikamu hemoglobin. Activator of dzinotsanagura tishu kugadziriswa.
• Glutamic asidhi - ane neuromediator zvazviri, uye zvinoita metabolic pezvakaitwa iri CNS.
• Proline - ndiwo mumwe zvinoumba anenge mapurotini zvose. Ndivo kunyanya kupfuma mune elastin uye collagen, nebasa ganda elasticity.
• Serine - AMC, riri huri Tutsinga tunofambisa mashoko utwu uropi, uye kunosimudzirawo kusunungurwa yakawanda simba. It rinobva glycine.
• Tyrosine - chimwe chezvinonhuwira mhuka uye chirimwa munyama. Inogona kuburitswa kubva phenylalanine ari enzayemu phenylalanine hydroxylase; zvinopesana neizvi muitiro kunoitika.
• Cysteine - mumwe zvinoumba puroteni anokonzera kusimba uye elasticity bvudzi, nembambo uye ganda. Naiye ndiyewo antioxidant. It inogona kugadzirwa kubva naSerine.

Amino acids havagoni synthesize mumuviri - zvinokosha

Essential amino acids vaya kuti havagoni vaunze mumuviri womunhu uye vanokwanisa kuita chete nezvokudya.

• Valine - AMC, izvo zviri mu zvinenge zvose mapurotini. It anovandudza Kufambisa tsandanyama uye anoderedza muviri aikanganiswa tembiricha kuchinja. It inotsigira kemikari kweserotonin kumusoro.
• Isoleucine - wechisikigo anabolic kuti panguva oxidation hwesimba boosting tsandanyama uye uropi.
• Leucine - imwe amino acid, izvo kunonatsiridza muviri. Zviri rudzi "muvaki" ane puroteni mamiriro.
• Ava vatatu AMC ndezvaJehovha inonzi yakaoma BCAA, kunyanya akakurumbira pakati vatambi. Zvinhu zviri boka iri chiito seinokonzera kuti kuwedzera kwetsandanyama, nokuderedza mafuta guru uye noutano hwakanaka mune kunyanya zvikuru muviri.
• Lysine - peptide kuwedzera patsva zviri munyama, kugadzirwa hormone, makemikari uye antibodies. Anokonzera simba midziyo zviri tsandanyama mapuroteni uye collagen.
• Methionine - pronimaet munyaya kwetunhu choline, kushaya izvo zvingaita kuti vawedzere mafuta kuunganidza ari chiropa.
• Threonine - anopa elasticity uye simba nemarunda. A akanaka chaizvo pamusoro pomwoyo uye zino enamel.
• Tryptophan - inotsigira pfungwa mamiriro, muviri sezvo anomuchinja kupinda kweserotonin. Rinokosha kuti kuora mwoyo uye nezvimwe mupfungwa zvirwere.
• Phenylalanine - anovandudza pakuonekwa ganda, normalizes pigmentation. It anotsigira mupfungwa hwakanaka, avandudze manzwiro uye kuunza zvakajeka kuti pfungwa.

Dzimwe nzira kupatsanura pakati peptides

On zvesayenzi divi 20 zvinokosha amino acids dzinoiswa inobva polarity rutivi cheni, kureva radicals. Saka, mapoka mana Munokudzwa: dzisiri polar, polar (asi uncharged), chokwadi mhosva uye okusafarira mhosva.

Nonpolar vari: valine, alanine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, glycine, tryptophan, phenylalanine, proline. Uyewo polar, kuva kunaka mutariri zvinosanganisira aspartic uye glutamic acid. Polar, ndine mhosva akanaka, inonzi arginine, histidine, lysine. For amino acids kuva polarity asi asina muripo vaiti zvakananga cysteine, glutamine, naSerine, tyrosine, threonine, asparagine.

20 amino acids pamusoro nzira (Table I)

Kubva musi uyu, zvinogona kucherechedzwa kuti zvose 20 amino acids (payakavakirwa iri tafura pamusoro) akaumbwa kabhoni, sehydrogen, senitrogen uye okisijeni.

Amino acids: kuita muchitokisi basa

Aminocarboxylic acids vanobatanidzwa chaivo mapuroteni usage. mapuroteni biosynthesis - the simulation of polypeptide ( "Poly" - zvikuru) pachiremera amino asidhi residues. Kwacho rinobva kuna ribosome - organelle mukati muchitokisi, zvakananga nebasa biosynthesis.

Information achiverengwa kubva DNA beach mugove pahwaro complementarity (A-T, C-G), paaisika mRNA (mutumwa RNA kana mRNA - mutumwa RNA - zvakafanana pfungwa) nitrogenous chawo thymine kuchatsiviwa uracil. Zvadaro zvose saizvozvo pave tRNA (chinja RNA), transports kuti amino asidhi mamorekuru kune nzvimbo kwetunhu. T-RNA coded ne vatatu (codons) (muenzaniso: WOW), uye kana uchiziva kuti nitrogenous zvigadziko hunomiririrwa triplet, unogona kuona kuti amino iine acid mhando nayo anotakura.

Mapoka Food pamwe soro zviri AMK

In dheri zvinhu uye mazai zvine zvinokosha zvakadai zvinokuvadza, zvakadai valine, leucine, isoleucine, arginine, tryptophan, methionine uye phenylalanine. Fish, chena nyama ine mukuru zviri valine, leucine, isoleucine, histidine, methionine, lysine, phenylalanine, tryptophan. Bhinzi, chipiriso uye tsanga akapfuma valine, leucine, isoleucine, tryptophan, methionine, threonine, methionine. Nuts uye mbeu dzakasiyana saturate muviri pamwe threonine, isoleucine, lysine, arginine uye histidine.

Pasi ndiro amino iine acid tigutsikane mune dzimwe zvigadzirwa.

Mukuru Huwandu tryptophan uye methionine zvinogona kuonekwa mune yakasimba chizi, lysine - ari tsuro nyama, valine, leucine, isoleucine, threonine, phenylalanine, uye - mune soyabhinzi. Kana rokunyora zvokudya inobva kwerunyararo ari AMC romuzvarirwo, unofanira kuteerera Squid uye pizi, uye varombo vari tichitarisa zviri pakati peptides anganzi matapiri uye mukaka.

Kushaikwa amino acids pamwe kudya miriwo

Kuti pane zvakadai amino acids, izvo aive chete zvigadzirwa mhuka, - ingano. Uyezve, vaongorori vakawana kuti chirimwa-yaiwana mapuroteni wefodya nokuda muviri kupfuura mhuka. Zvisinei, kana kusarudza kudya miriwo sezvo mararamiro kunokosha chaizvo kutevera zvokudya. The chikuru dambudziko ndechokuti rimwe zana magiramu dzenyama mu zvakafanana nebhinzi aive mari siyana BUN ari kubva muzana. Pakutanga, unofanira kuti arambe ari amino iine acid zviri zvokudya vaparadzwa, ipapo ichi vanofanira kunge automatism.

Chii uwandu amino acids apere pazuva

Munyika yanhasi, zvachose zvokudya zvose zvine anodiwa zvinovaka muviri kuti munhu, saka usanetseka: ose 20 mapuroteni amino acids vanosvika zvakanaka zvokudya, uye mari iyi kwakakwanira munhu kutungamirira upenyu hwakanaka uye zvishoma club zvaunodya.

Zvokudya mumhanyi zvakafanira saturate puroteni, nekuti pasina kwavari hazvitomboiti kuvaka kwetsandanyama. Kuekisesaiza kunotungamirira yakakura mari amino kudanda, saka muviri nyanzvi vanomanikidzwa kutora chaiwo zvokuwedzera. With ndichibvunza chivakwa tsandanyama rokuyamura uwandu mapuroteni zvinogona magiramu kusvika zana mapuroteni pazuva, asi zvokudya hazvisi akakodzera rinodyiwa nezuva. Chero chikafu chinamatidzwa zvinosanganisira mirayiridzo pamwe zviri yakasiyana AMC vari dose rinofanira kuverengwa asati kushandisa chigadzirwa.

Mugumisiro peptides pamusoro vakajaira upenyu hwakanaka hwevanhu

Kudiwa mapuroteni aripo kwete chete nevatambi. Somuenzaniso, kuti mapuroteni elastin, puroteni collagen kukanganisa chimiro bvudzi, ganda uye zvipikiri, uyewo mukana wokushandiswa uye famba mapfundo. Vanoverengeka amino acids kunokanganisa metabolic pezvakaitwa mumuviri, anochengeta pakuenzanisa mafuta pagungano Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri sandara, kupa zvakakwana simba kuti upenyu hwezuva nezuva. Zvechokwadi, muna nedanho upenyu kunyange kupfuura pusa mararamiro kunoda simba, kwenguva kufema. Uyezve hazviiti zvishande mabasa pamwe kuperevedza zvimwe peptides; Nokuraramisa of psycho-kunetsa rinoitwa munyika kusanganisira kuburikidza AMC.

Amino acids uye Sports

Zvokudya vatambi vari nyanzvi anoratidza zvakakwana mwero zvokudya, izvo zvinotibatsira kuramba tsandanyama inzwi. Chaizvoizvo kuti upenyu nyore nokuti amino asidhi zvivako, akagadzirirwa zvakananga kune vatambi vari kushanda ari iine kwetsandanyama.

Sezvo kare akataura kare, amino acids - chikuru Dzokuvaka mapuroteni zvakafanira kuti tsandanyama kukura. Uyewo, vava kukwanisa rikurumidze muviri uye nokupisa mafuta, iyo kunokoshawo wakanaka tsandanyama ruyamuro. Kana kurovedza zvakaoma zvakafanira kuwedzera kudyiwa AMC nokuti kuti vawedzere mwero tsandanyama kukura uye kuderedza marwadzo pashure muviri.

20 amino acids mu mapuroteni zvinogona kuparadzwa sechikamu amino zvivako, uyewo zvokudya. Kana ukasarudza zvinovaka muviri, unofanira kufunga zvose grammovki kuti zvakaoma kuziva pamwe mutoro zuva.

Chii chinoitika muviri kana rokushaya kana nekumwisa amino acids

The chikuru Zviratidzo zviri kushaya amino acids ndiwo: kunzwa kurwara, kufirwa kudya, pfava zvipikiri, kurukutika. Kunyange AMC nokushaiwa munhu anosangana vazhinji kusingafadzi nemishonga kuti yekudyidzana kanganisa utano uye yauinayo.

Glut kuti amino acids kungatowedzera kuvhiringidzika zvemwoyo uye huta hurongwa, izvo zvinozoita hapana zvishoma ngozi. Uyewo ake zviratidzo zvakafanana poizeni kunogona kuitika, izvo hazvirevi kunotoreva chinhu inofadza.

All vanofanira kuziva pokunyarara, saka kuomerera mararamiro utano havafaniri kutungamirira kuti oversupply dzimwe "anobatsira" zvinhu zviri mumuviri. Sezvo akanyora Classic, "zvakanaka -. Muvengi zvakanaka"

Munyaya ino isu akaongorora zvinotaurwa uye mazita ose 20 amino acids, chikuru tafura mukati vari zvigadzirwa AMK kupiwa kumusoro.