Zvisazitasingwi chero / vamwe: kushandisa mienzaniso uye kurovedza

Vamwe mashoko mutauro Chirungu vari kuri mumashoko zvimwe features, akadai siyana kuchinjwa nzira zvichienderana akapoteredza, noruvara zvinoreva, izvo pakutanga kuona havasi kuoneka, uye zvichingodaro. Mumwe ava misoro - nayo chisazitasingwi chero / vamwe, kushandiswa inorondedzerwa zvizere munyaya.

Nokusingagumi chisazitasingwi vamwe uye chero: Vhuṱanzi

Mashoko anogona nezvaanoita mutongo, emazita uye adjectives. The inokosha ushe: Vamwe vakawana runonyanya sokukumbira, sezvo paine - pamwe kuramba, uyewo interrogative uye ndokunge mitsara.

Kushandiswa chikuru mienzaniso:

1. Sezvo adjectives (panguva fomu Pl. Number chero). Zvichienderana zvinoreva nyaya dzakadaro hazvigoni Kutamiswa.
   - Iye akamupa mamwe mabhuku biographic. - Iye akamupa mamwe mabhuku oupenyu.
   - Ko iwe angawana surrealistic mifananidzo? - Ko iwe angawana surrealist mifananidzo?
2. With zvazvisingaverengeki emazita. Kazhinji kacho rakashandurwa.
   - Ndiri nzara. ndapota Ndiunzire Porridge,. - Ndinoda kudya. Ndapota uyai kwandiri oatmeal,.
   - Hakuna chinhu mvura iri mukapu. - In mukombe hapana mvura.
3. Pavanotsiva zvazvisingaverengeki emazita.
   - Anoda zvimwe dema tii. Unogona kutipa vamwe? - Anoda dema tii. Unogona kuunza (the)?
   - Ndinoda mukaka. Hakuna chinhu chiri chirongo. - Ndinoda mukaka. Chirongo haamo (mukaka).
4. The vakawanda uye yakananga mibvunzo kushandisa vamwe, asi kwete chinhu (a mutemo kuti arangarirwe).
   - Where Ann achatora ~ munyu? - Where Anna achatora munyu?
   - Kana achauyisa Ben ~ ruomba? - Kana Ben kuuya ruomba?
5. Chisazitasingwi vamwe: Translation - "vamwe".
   - ~ Childrens zvakafanana kuridza piyano. - Vamwe vana vanoda kuridza piyano.
   - ~ shamwari dzake dzepamwoyo kutaura Spanish. - Dzimwe shamwari dzake dzepamwoyo kutaura Spanish.
6. Chero mumutauro Chirungu dzinowanzotsigi- kushandiswa tsika dzakadai se "chinhu" kana "zvose". It kunoitika pachiimbwa chero pazita (zvazvisingaverengeki zvichibatanidzwa).
   - Ndingava kutora bhuku rakadaro panguva ~ kuverenga nzvimbo? - Ndinogona kutora bhuku chero kuverenga mukamuri?
   - Unogona kuwana bhuku iri yaidhura panguva ~ raibhurari. - You havazowani bhuku rino yaidhura chero raibhurari.
   - shamwari dzangu anogona kumutumidza ini panguva ~ nguva. - shamwari dzangu unogona kundiidza nokusingaperi (chero nguva).

Mudanga kutaura shoko upi

In mutauro ose pane hurongwa inonzi akatsiga mashoko. Zvazvinoreva haisi nguva dzose pachena, saka vamwe izvi mitsara iwe chete vanofanira kudzidza.

• mu ~ nyaya - kanenge (chero) nyaya;
• panguva ~ nguva - chero nguva;
• ~ Asi zvose - zvose, zvose;
• ~ Man mupenyu - mumwe, mumwe;
• ~ Number zvinhu - chinhu;
• panguva ~ nguva / imwe nguva - nguva dzose, chero nguva;
• pa ~ zvazvingava - chero zvazvingava, pasi chero ezvinhu;
• by ~ mukana - netsaona;
• by ~ zvinoreva - chero nzira, kuburikidza chipi achishandisa / nzira, achishandisa zvose chero zvodini;
• kuenda ~ urefu - kuenda / vakazvigadzira zvose;
• nokuti ~ chinangwa - neipi chinangwa;
• zvakaoma ~ - nepaburi, anenge chinhu;
• mu ~ kuremekedza - muzvinhu zvose;
• mu ~ nzira / chimiro / chimiro - hapana nzira.

Isa chetezvo neshoko vamwe

Kana vamwe zvisazitasingwi, kushandura, sezvo zvakaita "chero", izvozvo zvinoenderana chechinyorwa. Mashoko anotevera chaizvo nevakawanda Chirungu. Nokuti vachisimbisa vanofanira kurangarira navo uye zvishoma nezvishoma nokupinza kupinda chakazovapo.

• ~ Vashoma - vashoma;
• ~ Time - imwe nguva;
• ~ Of mazuva ano - rimwe zuva (American okuti);
• panguva ~ nguva - pakupedzisira, kamwe;
• pa ~ kureba - panguva pakureba;
• by ~ zvinoreva - zvimwe, mune dzimwe nzira;
• nokuti ~ chikonzero - vamwe chikonzero, nokuti vamwe chikonzero;
• nokuti ~ nguva yakapfuura - kwenguva yakati, kwenguva yakati, kokupedzisira;
• kuwana ~ hope - kutora kumborara;
• mu ~ zviitiko - mune zvimwe zviitiko;
• mu ~ dhigirii - kune vamwe / mumwe dhigirii;
• mu ~ chiyero - kusvika;
• kuna ~ chinangwa - remuSamoa, kubatsira.

Zvisazitasingwi upi, vamwe: kushandiswa nomukaka (-body, -thing, -Mumwe, Kupi)

Sense nomukaka dzinokoshesa mashoko akafanana zvinokosha. Ngatitorei kunyatsoongorora patafura pazasi.

Panyaya nomukaka upi / vamwe, kuparadzwa anochengeta zvakafanana zviri sezvinoitwa dzinokosha zvisazitasingwi.

mienzaniso:

• Pane munhu kuchikoro? - Ko munhu kuchikoro ikoko?
• Mumwe akapinda muchikoro. - Mumwe akafamba kupinda kirasi.
• Iye haaoni munhu. - Iye anoona hapana.

Kuitira kuti zvatinokanganisa anobudirira, edza kuita zvishoma nezvishoma nokupinza mashoko matsva uye zvikamu zvemashoko mumutauro wavo. Kushandisa zviri kudzidzwa anofanira kuunzwa automaticity, zvichida kukurumidza kukanganwa kana anoramba chikamu pusa ruzivo (kureva, kurangarira chete kuverenga, asi haana kutaura). Kusanganisira mutauro avo vanoshingaira pakutaura, kuvaka vaitaura dzavo uye nhaurirano, hurukuro uye nyora essays.

Zvimwe zvaiitwa zvisazitasingwi mumwe uye mumwe

Pasinei kudekara kushandiswa mashoko ari pamusoro apa, kurangarira zvimwe kuitira kuti tisataura zvikanganiso uye kururama mubatanidzwa lexical dzakabatana.

• Kunobva chero uye vamwe, akaumba kushandisa -Mumwe uye -body, muri zvipenyu emazita. Nokuti zvisina upenyu vaishandisawo -thing.
• Pakutanga, pakati mashoko mumwe uye mumwe hapana musiyano, sezvo vose zvisazitasingwi zviri mumutauro wokuRussia saizvozvo: mumwe munhu, munhu, etc. Zvisinei, pane chinokosha musiyano, riri sezvinotevera: -body kunosanganisira chimwe musiyano wezvinyorwa zvakawanda zvinoita, -Mumwe kunongedzera chaizvo munhu, pasina nezvokuvaka zvakananga.
  - Ndinofunga mumwe anogona kubatsira. - Ndinofunga munhu anogona kubatsira.
  - Iye anoziva munhu nguva dzose kunogona kubatsira. - Iye anoziva munhu anogara akagadzirira kubatsira.
• Mukuwedzera yakazonaka, uzhinji uye anogona kunanga: Mumwe (-body) iri kuuya. - Mumwe anoenda (imwe kana kupfuura vanhu).

Exercises nemhinduro

Kuwedzera vaigadzirira vaitaura, mumwe nzira inobudirira kuita kurovedza. Ndichishanda kuburikidza vakawanda mabasa ishe chero zvivakamutauro nyaya Chirungu. Izvi zvichaita kuti ukwanise kuziva zvaunokanganisa uye kuratidza chii ruzivo Makwanza asi kuzadzwa.

Task 1: Zadza dzakasiyiwa mashoko chero / vamwe (uye kunyanya kushandiswa iro inokurukurwa zvakadzama pamusoro).

1. Ndine ... anonakidza mabhuku Spanish. - Ndine mamwe mabhuku anonakidza Spanish.
2. Akatora ... mari uye akaenda weclassical konzati. - Akatora (shoma) mari uye vakaenda konzati pamusoro weclassical.
3. Ko une ... magazini French kuverenga? - Une magazini French (verenga)?
4. Munoda ... mvura? - Ungada mamwe mvura?
5. Unogona kutora ... kupfeka uchida. - Unogona kusarudza chero nemapfekero kuti uchida.

Task 2: Translate kupinda Chirungu.

1. Mudzidzisi akamubvunza kuti auye nevamwe nesuko.
2. Une rokwe yakanaka?
3. Kana iye anotenga (vamwe) mukaka?
4. shamwari yako iri girini tii?
5. Hazvina chero zvikanganiso.

Pindura 1:

• vamwe - 1, 2, 4.
• chero - 3, 5.

Pindura 2:

1. Mudzidzisi akabvunza kuti auye nevamwe nesuko.
2. Chaunacho chero nemapfekero akanaka?
3. Kana iye vandotenga mukaka?
4. Vachakurumai shamwari yako vamwe girini tii?
5. Iye asingadi kuti chero zvikanganiso.

Nokuti pakukura upi zvokunyama, edza kuti pakarepo muupenyu tsika. Kudzidza mumwe mutauro - icho muitiro chipenyu kuti hakufaniri kutorwa riome nomusoro mitemo yakawanda uye shoko mazita. Ita Chirungu chinhu chinokosha muupenyu hwangu, kudzidza kuburikidza nzvimbo mubereko iwe. Unlimited kusarudza: kuteerera nziyo vatorwa, verenga chepakutanga Chirungu wokudhinda uye mabhuku, mafirimu uye mapurogiramu eterevhizheni, kukurukura chizvarwa vakurukuri, uye zvakawanda. With nzira iyi, unogona mu pfupi inobvira nguva vabudirire zvikuru. Pashure pezvose, kunyatsozvipira kufarira nyaya pasi kudzidza - yakanakisisa vavariro!