Zhostovo tireyi: nhoroondo uye nzira inoitwa. kupenda Zhostovo pamusoro zviumbwe

Bright maruva akanaka: Roses, peonies, daisies, wakakanganwa-ini, chrysanthemums uye maruva mumupata (hazvibviri wozvinyora zvose), artfully akapararira nyanzvi ruoko womufananidzo pamusoro murima vaima simbi pamusoro - bhurasho Zhostovo kupenda dzacho. Yakasiyana zvavo uri Russia, usina analogues!

Nhoroondo Russian hove yekare ine anenge 2 emakore, uye panguva iyoyo chigadzirwa Zhostovo vatenzi kwete chete haana chisanyanya mukurumbira uye runako, asi nekusiyana, vakawana kunyanya kukurumbira munyika yose uye vafumiswa nepfungwa itsva vaduku Artists vanhasi.

Mavambo Zhostovo ounyanzvi

Nhasi, chero vemba ano vachafara kugamuchira chipo chaicho Zhostovo tireyi, izvo zvinogona kushandiswa kwete chete nokuda kwayo utilitarian chinangwa aida, asi somunhu yepakutanga yokushongedzwa kicheni menyika. Saizvozvowo, vakadzi vakanga vachifara uye pakutanga ari XIX remakore., Vakati vakapa runako kwakadaro.

Asi haana nguva dzose. Art Zhostovo kupenda akatanga kuoneka muRussia mukupera XVIII remakore. Panguva iyoyo zvinosanganisira zviumbwe pakutanga, mabhokisi, mabhokisi yemumhino, nyaya mudzanga, mhando dzose mabhokisi, nezvimwewo, dzakapendwa ari Nzira ose lacquer miniatures vakange mumisha woruwa Moscow: .. Ostashkovo, Utatu, Novosiltsev Sorokin Zhostovo.

Zvishoma nezvishoma, kugadzirwa zviumbwe rinowanikwa ari oga njanji, uye kutungamirira basa mukuita navo zvakasimba atora Zhostovo musha. Sezvineiwo, zviumbwe wokutanga akaita zvachose kuti paperi-mache maché. Ikozvino tiri kare zvakaoma kufungidzira Zhostovo tireyi wakaita zvinhu zvakadai.

Pakuzadzisa unyanzvi Zhostovo

Muna 1825, Osip Filippovich Vishnyakov workshop yakavhurwa Zhostovo. Hazvina kubva chiitiko ichi ari muronga nokuvapo yoga Zhestovskaya zvavo ounyanzvi. Chokwadi, workshop uyu asiri oga. Zvishoma nezvishoma vakarongeka uye nezvimwe pamwe: Yegor Vishnyakov mumusha pedyo Ostashkovo, A. A. Zaytseva muna Utatu mumusha. The kukurumbira mishonga yavo yaiva hombe! Zvakanaka izvozvo vakatengesa Zhostovo tireyi muMoscow, St. Petersburg nemamwe maguta.

Muna 1830 Zhostovo uye mumisha yakanga yakavakidzana nowedu akavhura kuzvitoro zvakawanda, vakatanga zvakanga gododd Belyaev, T. M. Belyaev, FV Shapkin, V. L. Leontev uye JS Kolomna. Zvishoma nezvishoma, kurimwa akakura, zvigadzirwa zvakaitwa noruoko vava vasisiri yakagadzirwa paperi-mache maché, uye zvikuru Zvinokosha zvakaisvonaka uye panguva zvinhu - simbi.

Kunozivikanwa Artists Zhostovo

Zvishoma nezvishoma, akaberekwa mutsva, kujairana kwatiri tose Zhostovo tireyi. History mumabhatiri pamuuyo yaMakoronike, rinotiudza sei zvishoma kuwedzera unyanzvi varimi veko munyaya basa unyanzvi okudhindira. Zvinoshamisa sei tarenda zvikuru aoneka pakati vanhuwo, serfs vasina kudzidza. tenzi Chokutanga, icho chinotaurwa zvinyorwa muna 1839, aiva serf kuti Count Sheremetev - Veshnyakov Philipp Nikitin, akanga achiparidza kupenda nendiro dzacho pamwe nemwanakomana wake. Saka vakazvarirwa Zhostovo hwokudhirowa dzinza.

Yakakurumbira vanatenzi Zhostovo tireyi: OE Burbyshev (pamusoro Artist ichi muna Zhostovo ndiye kunozivikanwa, saka zvakanga virtuoso), NM Tsaplagin, kwavatumwa Vishnyakov, K. V. Gribkov, I. S. Leontev , D. S. Kledov, P. S. Kurzin, I. A. Savelev, MR Mitrofanov, A. P. Gogin, I. P. Plahov, BV basa. vanatenzi izvi zvose uye nevamwe vakawanda vakasiya yakadzika chiratidzo iri uri Zhostovo, kuti izvo zvikasikwa mabasa anoshamisa Zhostovo miniatures vanobatanidzwa yegoridhe mari emaoko.

Zhostovo tireyi - kugadzirwa michina

The yepakutanga kugadzirwa michina Zhostovo tireyi kukwenenzverwa kwemakore. The tenzi ane mugove mazano ari kutengeswa, ivo hapana kuenda kugoverana. Saka chii pamusoro chete zvavo nemashoko, unogona kuudza kugadzirwa mishonga Zhostovo zvigadzirwa.

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, zviumbwe ano vari yakagadzirwa nesimbi. Vanogona kuva kupfuura noshamisa chimiro, zvose zvinoenderana yepakutanga pfungwa the artist. Asati kupenda tireyi anofanira kunyatsoongorora yakabwinyiswa akafukidza miviri rukoko lähikuva dzakagadzirira yakavakirwa kabhoni dema uye kaolin. Ipapo workpiece ivhu zvakare, uye akafuka vanoverengeka akaturikidzana mavara lacquer. Pakazoti mumwe rukoko anofanira zvakanaka kuomeswa uye rinobwinya zvakakwana.

Uyezve mukugadzira Zhostovo zviumbwe mberi danho rinotevera. Mushure ose regadziriro basa chigadzirwa vagadzirira painting, uye kune mamwe basa pariri rinotanga tenzi Artist. Painting Zhostovo tireyi kare namafuta pendi. Pamusoro Payakapera, chigadzirwa zvakare vakawanda akaturikidzana zvinenge zvakazara varnish, vakatevera nokuomesa uye makorari Finished tireyi kupa kushanda specular Gloss.

Artistic nzira uye inobudisa Zhostovo kupenda

Artistic nzira Zhostovo kupenda muri yakatangira kubva zvetsika Russian lacquer miniatures, asi chokwadi, vane maitiro avo. The kunogona zvichida kunzi muenzaniso namavara inopenya on rima yaipinda uye kushongedzwa nziyo goridhe chishongo. Background Zhostovo tireyi hachisi vatema, zvinogona chero zvaunoda ruvara: tsvuku, mashava, mutema, nezvakarukwa zvitema uye ocher. Dzimwe nguva pane nziyo anoitwa musi Potali (unotevedzera goridhe), mai neparera kana chiedza, anenge chena, asi zviri nani yakatsauka kubva mitemo zvinosiyana womufananidzo wacho zvokufungidzira.

Zhestovsky tireyi kakawanda kupendwa kuita kuti Nhongonya murwiyo (ruva bouquet) ndiwo mavara pakukura uye yakajeka, iri chikuru rinotungamirirwa. Pedyo micheto pezvokuvamba bouquet vari kuva maduku uye zvasviba, sokunge Kubatanidza pamwechete necheseri. Nokudaro kuwana kuona kudzika uye vhoriyamu kupenda. Zhostovo maruva zvakanyorwa kwete kubva pakuzvarwa, kakawanda vari zvimiso, zvikuru nomufananidzo anoenderana rokusika mupfungwa tenzi.

Huru motifs uye misoro

Huru vavariro Zhostovo kupenda kosi muri mhando dzose maruva motifs, zvakasiyana-siyana izvo vasiri nhamba! Zhostovo kupenda inoomerera mhando wandei zvetsika sezvamunoita. Flowers zvinogona inounganidzwa huru akasungwa rinoumbwa 3-5 inflorescences zvakafananidzwa mu Tswanda kana kuiswa namaruva kumasuo kunhivi mukomberedzo yacho tireyi.

Dzimwe nguva kupenda inogona vaisanganisa nemifananidzo michero, michero uye shiri. Pane mimwe Zhostovo painting, kufanana antiikki zvishongo Dutch vachiri lifes. Pasinei nokuti chirimwa richiswedera zvimiso zvakakwana, pano tiri zvose zviratidzo easel kupenda: kuti Nyatsotarisira zvizere, mukuru ruvara, vakasununguka improvisation.

Zhostovo dzacho: sei kuzochera danho nedanho

Yose inoshandiswa kupenda ari tireyi unogona kukamurwa 4 nzendo. First vanonzi "zamalevka": iri chigadzirwa sezvo rinobvuta razbelennymi rinoratidza Generic siluetti ari mufananidzo ramangwana, iyo nzvimbo huru mavara.

Ivo anoteverwa "tenezhka" uye "Chisimbiso": kushandisa yakajeka mumvuri uye pakunzi gobvu mavara chakajeka akakwirira. Pashure paizvozvo, chimiro maruva uye mashizha zvakawanda vamwe.

Danho rechitatu - blikovka: kushandiswa bleaching upfu kutsanya smears. Tichibatsirwa ose wainyatsotaura uwandu.

Uye pakupedzisira, zvichiteverwa kwokupedzisira 4th Danho iri iyo "chertezhka" uye "tichisunga". With brushes yakanaka chaizvo mukudzidzire vakashinga kusanduka vematunhu mitsetse rinokomberedza mumwe mashizha uye shizha reruva anokwevera manyoro uye mashoko, makatumidzwa kubatanidzwa.

Tarisiro nokuti kukura rwokugadzira

Pari Zhostovo unyanzvi rwokugadzira vari kusangana dzakaoma. 90-ies wekupedzisira remakore, okudhindira vaiva pasi kutarisirwa uye mari yacho mamiriro, pashure perestroika uye kuparara Soviet Union, fekitari wakapfuurira private maoko. Zvino wekona raiva mubereko, kwete kuchengetedzwa kwetsika uye zvinhu yokusvika dzamaoko.

Kuwanda vemifananidzo vari zvebhizimisi kwave yekudyidzana ipfupi. vemifananidzo vakawanda vakatanga kushanda vakazvimiririra pamba. It akaita chaizvo private varayirwa, mujeri kwete chete nokuda Zhostovo tireyi. Modern Masters kazhinji achishanda nekutaura nyaya dzakasiyana-siyana kubva sefiriji maserura mabhodhoro waini zvinodhura nemuteresi. Mutsika matarenda youth - chikoro apedza Fedoskino lacquer miniatures achangobva akaramba. Kunyange zvakadaro, boka achiri mupenyu, kunoshanda nokuzvitsaurira uye nokutenda munguva yemberi.

How kusvika Zhostovo?

Nokuti vose vanoda kuzivana pedyo pamwe nhoroondo uye unyanzvi Zhostovo wekambani yakarongwa inofadza 5-awa nzendo kuna tenzi kirasi. Kana fekitari inongogara kushanda chitoro apo unogona kutenga zvinhu uye rwokugadzira, sezvo vachiti, "nefivha pakupisa kwezuva."

Kuti tiwane kubva Moscow kuti Zhostovo hapana dambudziko. Tinofanira kukurira rose 50 km panzira huru nenzira Ostashkovskoe Mytishchi mudunhu. Unogonawo kusvika nyore ikoko nechitima kana bhazi. Munogonawo kubva Medvedkovo Metro kuna Zhostovo kuramba chomuruki bhazi nhamba 438.