VokuAmerica uye nhoroondo dzavo

Shoko rokuti "American" iri vanosonganirana vanhu vakawanda panyika pamwe munhu European chitarisiko. Vamwe, Chokwadi, unogona kufungidzira uye Black. Zvisinei, vokuAmerica tarisa zvishoma chakaipa. Uye vari nani anozivikanwa pasi zita "maIndia." It akaenda kubva pfungwa?

MaIndia uye vokuIndia: sei mazita aya akafanana?

Saka nhasi, vokuAmerica kazhinji vanonzi maIndia. Shoko rakafanana nezita rimwe rudzi: maIndia. Random Ko fanano ichi? Zvichida maIndia uye maIndia dzinowanikwa munhoroondo midzi?

Kutaura zvazviri, vokuAmerica saka ainzi nokusaziva: vatsvakurudzi Spanish vaitungamirirwa Christopher Columbus akatsvaka kwenguva pfupi nzira kubva Old World kuIndia. Kuvapo havana kuziva yeAmerica. Naizvozvo, wakati akasangana vagere munyika itsva, vakafunga kuti vagari India. Maererano vanodzidza nezvavanhu, maIndia vokutanga havana autochthonous kwevanhu. zviuru 30 apfuura, vakasvika pano kubva Asia mhiri Bering nyika zambuko.

Vasvika zita "maIndia"?

ZvokuAmerica dzichitaridzika pasi rokuti "maIndia". Iye asina kunaka hunhu, iyo wanamatira shoko "dema" chokuita African-American Vagari kuUnited States.

Kazhinji maIndia pachavo akadana Redskins, achisiyanisa dzakadzidzvinyirira chena. Ukuwo, shoko rokuti "Caucasian" mumaziso ane kunaka ruvara. Izwi akazviratidza yakafanira Beothuk rudzi. Raiva pamusoro Canadian pachitsuwa Newfoundland. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti Beothuk vaiva vokutanga kutaura kwete chete vokuEurope akasvika, asi kunyange VaViking, uyo, maererano nedzimwe mishumo, makanga muna America kare kare Columbus.

Beothuk vakanga kwete hunhu ganda ruvara, asiwo zvakananga kureva chiso ruvara rwakati piriviri kutsvuka, zvinopesana dzakadzidzvinyirira chena. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti nekuda kwaizvozvi, zvose maIndia mune zita remadunhurirwa rokuti. Beothuk rudzi vakaguma kuvapo muna yokutanga yezana remakore rechi19.

Colonisation

ZvokuAmerica (maIndia) havana kuenda saka nyore kurega nharaunda yavo. Kubva panguva Columbus uye kusvikira remakore rechi20 rakanga Colonisation yacho kondinendi. In nokururama, ngatiti - kurasikirwa akatambura mativi ose, pamberi vokuEurope zvakazara vajaira pano.

Hazvina kunoshamisa, asi kugara vokutanga European vakakwanisa yakati kuti urarame maIndia. Zvinhu zvakachinja apo kukura idzi akava chinangwa enyika. In America cheguta French, British, Spanish, Portuguese, Russian. Hondo uye redistribution wenyika, panzira, yakaitika kwete chete pakati vokuEurope uye maIndia.

Zvemo vanhu venyika America - pamarudzi anorwisana. Constant kusawirirana, hondo pakati madzinza - a kakawanda chakajairika iri kondinendi. Hazvina kunoshamisa, asi vokutanga kugara kubva Old World chete vatora mugove kukonana pakati pamarudzi.

Unogona kuonawo kuti mamwe madzinza Indian akatora chikamu muhondo iri kurutivi vokuEurope. Chikonzero ndechokuti ropa daka yakatora kwete kwemakore asi kwemazana emakore. Naizvozvo, rutsigiro vatorwa mukurwisa zvakasikwa vavengi mamwe marudzi vaiona chikonzero zvitsvene, "kuda vanababa uye madzitateguru."

VokuEurope vaivawo kwete chikamu mubatanidzwa chete. Pane kusawirirana mukati-siyana dzayaitonga nemisha, uye kunyange hondo pakati munyika. Somuenzaniso, zviri kushingaira kurwisana pakati England uye France mukuvamba remakore rechi19 akatora nzvimbo chaiyo iri American munharaunda.

Saka, tinogona kugumisa kuti Colonisation yacho kondinendi kwakaitika kwete muchimiro vakawanda kuparadzwa marudzi European nangananga zvemo vanhu, uye akanga kugara coils kuparara nemakore nokurwisana. In Latin America, iyo colonists Spanish uye Portuguese kufanorongwa zvachose yaiurayiwa runodiwa of Inca, Aztec, Maya. Mamiriro ezvinhu North America aiva akasiyana.

Kuitwa pakati pezana remakore rechi19

VokuEurope vakatenda maIndia sezvo vaGiriki, savages, nokuda kwavo nzira yaingowanikwa youpenyu uye munhu tsika. Kazhinji inobereka zvakasiyana siyana mitemo akarambidza mutauro Native American, chitendero, tsika, uye vamwe. The Hurumende akatsvaka nzira nezvairehwa runodiwa.

aibudirira vaiva kuedza kudzivirira maIndia kubva unorema vanhu vari kure reserves. unozvishandira yaiva musha izvi zviripo nhasi. Zvechokwadi, muupenyu hwevanhu vazhinji zvinhu zvoupenyu hwemazuva ano: zvipfeko, imba uye zvifambiso. Zvisinei, vachiri zvechokwadi tsika dzakawanda uye tsika kumadzitateguru avo: chokuchengetedza mutauro, chitendero, tsika uye zvakavanzika pechishamani, etc. Nenzira, mutauro mumwe kurudzi wayo ..

Kurwira kodzero maIndia

Yokutanga yezana remakore rechi20 chakaratidza kutanga kurwira kodzero zvizvarwa vanhu. Muna 1924 mumwe mutemo wakadzikwa yaakapa zvizere kodzero maIndia zvose. Kusvikira panguva iyi havagoni kufamba takasununguka mukati munyika, kuvhota, kudzidza rwevanhu zvikoro uye mumayunivhesiti. Mugore iroro isu chabvisa zvose mitemo kuti zvimwe vakadzvinyirirwa kodzero dzavo.

Paiva kurovedzera vari kurwira kudzoka kunyika zvisiri pamutemo vakasarudzwa kubva maIndia, uyewo muripo nokuda kukuvara akatambudzika. Kunyange akasika rinokosha Indian Complaints Commission. Kubvira panguva iyoyo, munhu womunyika United States yakanga kuti kubatsira: bedzi 30 makore Commission rokutanga, Hurumende akabhadhara vanenge mamiriyoni 820 emadhora muripo, yakaenzana bhiriyoni anoverengeka emadhora, inobva ano Gengi.

Native dzinogarisana

Kusati kwatombova colonists European mune zvino United States neCanada, paiva mamiriyoni 75 maIndia. Nhasi, nhamba iyi zvikuru mwero: pfuurei mamiriyoni 5 vanhu, izvo anenge 1,6% of vanosvika US kwevanhu.

Where zvokuAmerica akararama? Rakabatana Hurumende hariko. Marudzi akasiyana netsika, nzira youpenyu, pamwero kukura. Saka, boka rimwe nerimwe dzinza vakatora nyika yavo. Somuenzaniso, vorudzi Pueblo maIndia yapamba nzvimbo ano in New Mexico uye Arizona. Navajo - mundima kwakadziva kumadokero kweUnited States, pedyo Pueblo. The Iroquois akararama munyika ano inoti of Pennsylvania, Indiana, Ohio, Illinois. Just kuchamhembe Iroquois akararama Hurons, uyo vakatanga kutengeserana vokuEurope. Mohican rudzi mhenyu iri nharaunda vemazuva ano in New York uye Vermont, Cherokee rinogarwa vemazuva North uye South Carolina, Alabama, Georgia, Virginia.

"VokuAmerica" - mari kuti vateresi

Kufarira Indian mutsika harisati rapera nhasi. Zvikuru mari dzinoti "vokuAmerica" (yaifananidzira pazasi) zvakabudiswa kuti vateresi. mumwe emadhora iri mari akaita nemhangura, zvinenge zvakazara manganese nendarira. pollination Izvi pfupi-akararama, pamwe zvakasimba kurapwa yepakutanga chimiro vakadzima zvachose, saka vanogona kuwanikwa chete Coin. Zita yepakutanga the mari akatevedzana - "Dollars Sakagaveyi" vachikudza vasikana kubva Shoshone rudzi.

Aiziva yakawanda yakasiyana mitauro amarudzi Indian, vakabatsira Lewis uye Clark rwendo. On dzimwe mari ndiyo mufananidzo kwayo. Sezvo Sakagaveyi kumumvuri akasarudzwa musikana ane makore 22 okuberekwa kubva chete rudzi - Randy Teton.