"Voivod" (chitundumuseremusere): unhu ane intercontinental ballistic chombo

"Voivod" - mumwe chitundumuseremusere, iyo inoreva kuti rinorema intercontinental zvombo uye yambokurukurwa muUkraine. The akaoma yakanga yakagadzirirwa kurwisa siyana huru, izvo vanodzivirirwa pachishandiswa ano zvinoita zvokukandwa kudzivirira, uye vari vakashandisa pasi chero kurwa.

Chombo mauto - simba Russia

Strategic Chombo Forces dzinokosha, nekuti ndivo chikuru chezvinonhuwira yacho inokosha yenyukireya masimba munyika. The chikuru basa chombo gadziriro - kaza zvinobvira kurwisa uye kurova marudzi akasiyana shamhu inokosha nangananga muvengi. Sezvo chikamu chombo hondo chaiyo chinangwa Russia zvitatu zvinoita zvokukandwa mauto uye 12 chombo idzodzo. Kunorwa zvivako - a 6 mhando zvombo 4th uye 5th chizvarwa, nhatu idzo dzinobva mumigodhi, vatatu - vari pasi-inobva famba.

munyika simba kupfuura zvinoita zvokukandwa gadziriro anoonekwa kuva ballistic chombo "Voivod". Zviri kununura anenge 10 warheads uremu matani 8 ari chinhambwe 11.5 zviuru makiromita. nokurondedzerwa kwayo vari munzira dzakawanda kupfuura zvivako simba kupfuura American.

How kuitisa bvunzo

The miedzo chombo chinoita zvokukandwa gadziriro wokutanga vawa mumwe gore 1986 - dzaiitwa Baikonur. Uye pashure vaviri makore, zvakaoma akaiswa basa, pashure pacho kwakaedzwa nokushandiswa rakasiyana-siyana yetsiva michina. "Voivod" - mumwe chitundumuseremusere, riri vaiona chimwe chezvinhu simba pakati intercontinental. Muzvigadzirwa kwemashoko zvakaoma haina kuenzana vezera pasi rose, uye yakakwirira azvipire kuita zvatariswa ndiyo vimbiso kuti kushandisa zvombo vanogona kuva nyore kuramba zvechiuto uye zvine urongwa parity.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti "Voivod" akaedzwa zvakaoma nokuda 43 chinonyengera akabudirira chete 36. vakanga wokutanga kanda wakaguma kukundikana: kuti chitundumuseremusere, kwakabuda zvangu, vakatangazve hunde, pakanga pasina vakafa. Asi miedzo hunotevedzana zvave zvakanaka uye zvinobudirira, uye "Voivod" (aka "Satani") kwave kuchizivikanwa somumwe zvikuru rakavimbika munyika. Zvinonzi aronga kuti chitundumuseremusere achava mubasa kusvikira 2022, uye ipapo vakafunga yokutsiva chitundumuseremusere "Voivod" ano intercontinental ballistic chombo "Sarmat".

Huru zvitarisirwa

Munguva kukura Vagadziri ndanzwawo kuti nechokwadi kuvandudza maitiro zvatariswa uye yakakwirira yetsiva kushanda. Somugumisiro, intercontinental ballistic chombo "Voivod" yakazokudziridzwa muzvinhu zvinotevera:

1. Inosimudzira simba Pu I KP.
2. Inochengetedza murayiro uye kuzvidzora kushanda chero mumamiriro ezvinhu yakaoma pakusimba.
3. Kuwedzerwa operative nezvaanogona pamusoro retargeting zvombo, kunyanya kana vachipfura kuzvironga chipfuro zvairatidza. chitundumuseremusere nokukurumidza "Voivod", uye kutanga nguva yakazara akangwarira zvakunoita waivako - hazvigoni kuenzaniswa neimwe chombo hurongwa munyika.
4. Anopa nemishonga zvombo akatizira kune kukuvadza zvinokonzera kubva pasi uye dzemakomo zvenyukireya kuputika.
5. Inosimudzira kuzvionera of zvakaoma.
6. Vakawedzera garandi nguva yacho chitundumuseremusere launcher.

Complex "Voivod" - mumwe chitundumuseremusere, ndiro hwakavimbika oparesheni uye survivability iri kakawanda kupfuura zhinji inotakurika mhepo kudzivirira enyika.

Ndehupi hunhu?

Panguva kuedza chitundumuseremusere yawana kuramba kwazvo siyana zvinofurira. Combat kushandiswa zvakaoma yakanga zvakanyanya uye nokukurumidza nokuda zvinoverengeka:

1. Kururama yave yakawedzera 1,3 nguva.
2. mhosva zvave kupfuura simba.
3. Area warheads dilution mapazi kwakawedzera 2.3 nguva.
4. The kunzwisisa ari kumhanyira kubva modes siyana.
5. Nuclear chombo "Voivod" raiiswa katatu yakareba kupfuura kumira-oga nzira.
6. Nguva nokugadzirira vagovane.

Vaine kutaridza yepamusoro unyanzvi zvinogadzirisa, akatanga kuva nani simba nezvaanogona.

cushioning hurongwa

Kukura chombo hurongwa akanga akatakurwa achiburitswa kunze inobva nebudiriro yakapfuura kushandiswa kufadza iripo ano youinjiniya zvivako, kukurukurirana uye hurongwa. Somugumisiro, "Voivod" - mumwe chitundumuseremusere, iyo inozivikanwa nokuva yakakwirira kunyatsoshanda, kushanda mvura mafuta, zvizere ampulizirovana uye akagadzirirwa kuparadza kutsoropodza zvivako akasiyana kure neeSultan. chitundumuseremusere budiriro yakaitwa vaviri-danho zano umo sequentially vakaronga matanho uye gadziriro Breeders zvikuru midziyo zvinhu. Energy zvinogona of zvakaoma kunge akawedzera nokuda zvinoverengeka:

1. It kwakavandudzika injini waivako, chinozoiswa Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri kure kudzora redunhu.
2. The mafuta mhango propulsion Danho II chakaitwa.
3. Improvement vaiva aerodynamic unhu.

Propulsion rutoto - mana-kamuri chitundumuseremusere injini, iyo akashongedzerwa ane muhombe combustion makamuri - vari kuisa mberi muchitiza chinzvimbo. The chitundumuseremusere unoshandiswawo yezvisikwa mvura hurongwa, razova kiyi kutsanya uye vakarongeka paungano fekitari.

utariri Features

Intercontinental ballistic chombo "Voevoda" rinodzorwa rwisana chikwata iyo ine biconical chimiro chomuviri uye ane zvishoma mhepo nemishonga. chombo kuzvidzora gadziriro iri vakafunga pamusoro kuitira kuti vabudirire pazvinangwa akawanda:

1. It kunovimbisa kuti kunyatsoshanda shure migumisiro pakuputika zvenyukireya kutiza.
2. Kurambana warheads maximize kumusoro-zvakarurama.
3. Inoshandisa yakananga kukanganiswa nzira kuti haatarisiri kurovedza inokosha ndege basa.
4. Inopa kure kukanganiswa.

Kugadzirisa matambudziko aya ari chitundumuseremusere nepokuongorora simba onboard kombiyuta yakaoma. Rocket "Voivod", hunhu izvo afuridzire kutya, inobudisa rakasiyana rwisana uye woshanda maitiro. Zvose zvinoitwa zvakaoma zviri kupupurirwa dzakawanda miedzo mudenga uye pasi. Vakaperekedza chombo chinonyengera zvakaratidza kuti zvakavimbika.

The simba kupfuura munyika

"Voivod" - chombo hurongwa yakauya pamusoro kuhondo basa rokupedzisira remakore. Muna 1979, Mugadziri Chief Utkin V. F. zvinganaka itsva hwokugadzira mhinduro chokuita chombo chinoita zvokukandwa hurongwa. Muna 1992 akanga muAtlantic anenge 88 launchers, uye chitundumuseremusere anoramba kupfuura simba uye kuoma munyika. uremu Her - matani anopfuura 200, uye nhamba imwe salvo chombo weboka simba zvakaenzana 13.000 mabhomba mabhomba.

Rocket R-36M2 "Voivod" iri vakapakata yepamusoro uye modernized kunzwisisa nzira vanokwanisa kukurira chombo kudzivirira uye kuti kutyora kubudikidza SDI hurongwa. The zvombo vane 10 warheads, izvo nokufukidzwa dauka muchitiza fairing - vari yakaiswa unokosha puranga akaita misara miviri. chitundumuseremusere Injini - mana-kamuri LRE, iro rine muhombe combustor - dzinofamba kuti uchishandisa wehurumende kana dzichibhururuka.

Huru misiyano

1. The chombo ane mukuru kuramba kukuvadza zvinhu pamusana pakuputika yenyukireya.
2. Inogona akatanga kunyange pashure muvengi akarova iri nzvimbo chombo chinoita zvokukandwa hurongwa.
3. Special rima chafariz chipingamupinyi unhani hwezvekukurukurirana ndima yacho chitundumuseremusere kuburikidza guruva gore kuti akaumba pashure pakuputika yenyukireya. bemhapemha kwakadaro inopa survivability of chombo hurongwa.
4. The chitundumuseremusere iri akashongedzerwa chaizvo sensors kuti ayere Nyuturoni uye wegamma-ray kutema ngozi chechetere. Kana chitundumuseremusere anoenda yenyukireya "howa", kudzorwa gadziriro iri adzima, injini anoramba kushanda.
5. Kusika chitundumuseremusere muviri mukuru simba zvakashandiswa - chando-vaishanda aruminiyamu-magnesium (kuomeswa) chiwanikwa.
6. Intercontinental ballistic chombo "Voivod" ane wemaoresa kuzvidzora gadziriro iri zvakavigwa rakanamwa chiridzwa mupanda dzimba. The gadziriro kudzikamiswa sokuvapo chitundumuseremusere anosiya nengozi. Zvadaro midziyo dzikava pamusoro uye kudzorwa gadziriro kuchinja trajectory yacho zvakaoma.
7. Water chitundumuseremusere kwava nyore, zviri zvikuru duku zvaitika zvinhu. Saizvozvowo, hapana chikonzero yokuzvigadzirisa.

Chombo ezvinhu dzakawedzerwa nemashoko hasha zvinoumba nemvura mafuta, asi zviri akagadzirira kumativi makore 25. Dzakashandisa akaoma mamiriro ezvinhu kuhondo chitundumuseremusere Motors: ivo vakawedzera zvishuvo zvavo, akaita zvakawanda nemishonga chikuru maitiro uye zvinhu zvakaoma.

Zvinoumba "Voivod"

The chombo "Satani" ( "Voivod") chinhu multi-chinangwa uye akagadzirirwa kuita zvakasiyana siyana zvinangwa. Chaiwo zviri zvakaoma zvinosanganisira zvinotevera:

1. Start anomhanya kubva zvangu.
2. Two-Danho chitundumuseremusere uye Zara kumusoro-huni zvinoriumba.
3. zvakaoma rinodzorwa rwoga inobva pane-bhodhi pakombiyuta.
4. Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana kuhondo midziyo inogona kushandiswa (warheads).
5. Utsanzi mudzidziso chete chitundumuseremusere - kwakatangwa dhaka.

okunatsiridza

Kune okunatsiridza inoverengeka "Voivod". First - P-36M UTTKh, inova yechitatu-chizvarwa chombo hurongwa. Anokwanisa kuti varove munhu chombo kusvika 10 huru, kusanganisira kunyanya guru kana zviduku zvinangwa pachivara. kunzwisisa uku aine rakarurama moto, kuwedzera kwenhamba warheads.

"Dnepr" - akasika pachishandiswa kunzwisisa "Voivod" chitundumuseremusere. Photo zvinoratidza kuti ichi chinhu chakagadziridzwa chitundumuseremusere, izvo vakaidzwa dzokororo webetsero injini dzidziso uye Kudzikamiswa, kudzora maitiro, uye kushandisa elongated mhino fairing.

Huru kutarisira

Pakutanga, kupedza alerting "Voivod" zvombo yakabvunza kuti 2018, uye iye zvino tiri kutaura pamusoro 2026 gore. Nyanzvi dzinoti kare chombo hurongwa vakapfuura garandi nguva, uye nguva yacho alerting kwava anenge 24 nemakore. Panguva iyoyo, basa rinoitwa kuvandudza upenyu zvombo makore 30, saka zviri aronga kuchengeta zvakaoma muhondo yacho Strategic Chombo Forces kusvikira 2022.

Nyanzvi dzinodavira kuti kuwedzera kufadza zvinokwanisika upenyu basa zvombo "Voivod" Zvinogoneka nemhaka yokuti zvakasiyana zvekushandisa zvakakwana, izvo zvinoratidzwa akagadzira uye kwesayenzi mhinduro zvivako. Zvakanga yakataurawo kuti "Voivod" RS-20V vachava kurwisana Russian chombo mauto kusvikira 2026.

zvakawanikwa

Chombo hurongwa, "Voivod" rakasiyana nemamwe: wokutanga yakatanga kufamba muna 1986, zvakanga hwakonzera gakava uye kusawirirana. Chii mutengo chete akatadza chinonyengera, izvo zvinogona hwogumisa zvivako izvi ... Asi nenguva mazuvaano uye kushandisa zvigadzirwa zvemazuva ano kwakaita kuti chokwadi chokuti chitundumuseremusere "Voivod" akazova kupfuura simba uye kuoma munyika, kurova pamusoro zviratidzo izvi zvakanyorwa mumabhuku Guinness. Nemhaka nounyanzvi uye akakwana gadziriro, iyo akashongedzerwa ane chitundumuseremusere, zviri mubasa akagadzirira kota remakore.

Chombo hurongwa, "Voivod" ( "Satani") zvakanaka nokuti invulnerable kuti chombo kudzivirira, nemhaka zvakaoma warhead muchitiza Akaperekedzwa venhema zvinogumbura. Nzvimbo dzavo yokupararira uye plasma makwara zvakafanana mune warheads chaiye kuti Inovhiringidza muvengi. Uyezve, zviri yakachengeteka chaizvo zvombo riri kuwana muvengi kurwiswa zvimbambaira. Uye kupfuura pazvese: zvakaoma anogona kugara akachengetedzwa ezvinhu anenge makore 10 uye kutanga chete kuti nditange mumasekonzi 30.