Verdigris: zvivako uye zvinhu

Munhu wose anoziva kuti pane red-mhangura ruvara pamwe anokudzwa simbi Kupenya. Asi zvakafanana verdigris pendi kupendwa kwete noruvara rutsvuku. Rinoshandiswa nevakawanda kwemazana emakore anoverengeka akapfuura mifananidzo painting, värjäys kuti machira neimba nemidziyo, zvakasiyana-siyana decoration mabasa. Iye haana kurasa ukoshi nhasi, kunyange zvazvo mukugadzira zvemichina chakachinja kakawanda. Munyaya ino tichakurukurei muudzame chii wependi mhando zvakadaro, chii chiri nhoroondo yaro uye ano vezvokutengeserana kukosha.

Chii verdigris?

Pendi iri kuwanikwa kunzwisisa namakemikari pezvakaitwa. Mumutauro sayenzi chinhu chisinganzwisisiki inorganic remubatanidzwa rinonzi mhangura munyu acetic acid. The crystals iyi zvinhu kunge zvine zvitema-nyoro ruvara. Ivowo anoshandiswa nokuda kwezvifananidzo zvaAtemisi pendi.

Grade uye ruvara verdigris

Green pendi verdigris Inonyanya. Inogona kuva rinoreva zvakasiyana, kubva inotonhorera noushamwari yendarama uswa mitema, kufanana pamapapiro kovakuoriainen yezhizha. Mune mamwe mashoko inonzi Chirungu yaryu, nekuti kamwe yakabereka pendi kwakadaro muEngland. Nhasi, kugadzira inovhurwa munyika dzakawanda, kusanganisira Russia yaisanganisira. Xph ichi yaunganidzwa pasi huni yemhangura acetate.

Pane imwe zvaro - yebhuruu verdigris, iyo kazhinji nezvavo savakuru French, asi zvakasiyana giredhi rokutanga, iye chaizvoizvo dzinowanzotsigi- kubudiswa Montpellier (France). For Jari mhangura hwakadaro pasi mazhinji dzokupisa yakavira mazambiringa Marc.

ehupfumi

Kupenda, wakagadzirirwa pachishandiswa verdigris, zviri kuonekwa nemishonga chaizvo uye opaque. Asati kushandisa pamusoro hazvo vanofanirawo jecha uye degrease kuna Xph yakati sandara. Shandisa pendi iri akaturikidzana dzakaonda nani. Ya nokuomesa zvikamu pakati.

Artists dzimwe nguva aishandisa pendi uyewo somunhu namira rukoko pamusoro itsva yakavimbika uye zvakasimba zvinotaurwa svikiro kadikidiki decoration okunze.

Historical mashoko: akagadzirira sei verdigris muRussia

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti vanhu vakadzidza kuita pendi ichi hachisi kare. It aizivikanwa verdigris kuRussia, iyo vakauya kazhinji kubva Byzantium. Copper nyore zvaanoita pamwe Murabhoritari reagents kwete chete, asi ane zvikuru nyore nevamiririri. Noumwe nguva vanhu vakaona kuti simbi anogona kuchinja ruvara, kunyange ganda kuonana. Zvichida ichi chaiva kutanga kuedza nemhangura. Chero murabhoritari kuongorora mumazuva ekare, uye matauriro haana, asi yakawanda Organic acids iri michero, michero, miriwo, chirimwa nhengo.

Nhasi tinoziva pane chii chakaita verdigris muRussia. Nokuti chinangwa ichi, ndiro mhangura kana machipisi, uye kunyorova mumvura pizi. Musanganiswa rikazvisundira mu noushamwari nzvimbo kwevhiki dzinenge mbiri. Munguva iyi kuvira zvigadzirwa zviri pizi starch vakaita nendarira, naizvozvo kuwana inodiwa fuma kana greenish vachikanda rwebhuruu.

Pahwaro zvinhu izvi vakabayiwa zvakagadzirwa pendi chaishandiswa iri värjäys yerineni, donje uye yamakushe amakwai akamendwa rushava, zvinhu, zvivako uye zvivako, uye munguva ichangopfuura nguva, uyewo kana kunyora mabhuku. Xph kushandiswa sezvo Painters, vanodhirowa mifananidzo, mifananidzo.

Production uye chikumbiro munyika yanhasi

ruvara kugadzira muitiro rakasiyana yekare, asi inobva chete soaking mhangura reagent. Current vagadziri vanoshandisa muShifimi huru, umo matete akaturikidzana ukapisa murwi matete emhangura uye yanyatisa huni acetic asidhi kana mazambiringa pomace shinda makwapa akasvibirika. Kana simbi anotanga kuumba machira ari pigmented unhani (Xph) pakati yemhangura uye jira unoiswa Makwanza kubvumira mhepo kuwana. Procedure vanokwanisa Jari unozotevera rukoko kunosvika hafu mwedzi miviri. Panguva ino, masendimita mumwe jira vashoma rukoko mashoma gobvu. Xph tichishandisa nyore aparadzana simbi substrate, uye ipapo kushandisa anokosha reagents, uye mvura iri kuchinjwa kuva mukanyiwa. murevereri wake kuzuva muchikuya pashure uye vakagadzirira kuti zvishandiswezve somunhu ruvara.

Maererano ano kupatsanura, akadana kunoguma chicherwa kupenda, sezvo kazhinji zvazvingava, hazvina kururama zvachose, nokuti mukati maro panewo Organic. Asi rondedzero yakadaro kwakakurumbira chaizvo uye yaizivikanwa kunyange vaya anoziva sei kuti yemhangura verdigris.

The zvinorondedzerwa nzira ndicho, asi kwete chete. Nokuti ruvara pacho rinoshandiswa, uye dzimwe nzira zvikuru kunzwisisa.

Nhasi verdigris rinoshandiswa zvakafanana munzvimbo sekare. On kwayo hwaro kugadzirira pendi siyana chinangwa nokuda värjäys ose chakaita zvokugadzirwa uye zviwanikwa fibers uye hukawanika.