The nenzvimbo nzvimbo achinaya mvura. Geographical nzvimbo achinaya mvura

Tundra anofukidza kuchamhembe chikamu Russia uye Canada. Hunhu waro nekaupenyu mashoma, uye okunze ari kuonekwa chakakomba. Nokuda maitiro aya, hazvina akagashira rimwe zita - peArctic gwenga. Kana tikafunga nzvimbo yomugariro wacho achinaya mvura, tinogona kuona kuti munharaunda ino chitsuwa dziri muna Arctic Ocean uye kuchamhembe chikamu Russia uye Canada.

Location achinaya mvura

gwenga Arctic Anotambanudza rakafara ubvise mhenderekedzo kweArctic Ocean. Pano okunze ari munyoro uye kwete matunhu tembiricha uye hunhu ndiyo sparse uye kukakanganiswa. Muna achinaya mvura yechando runogara mwedzi mipfumbamwe, uye zhizha akanaka kuchitonhorera.

kutonhora Lower kukonzera kuti pasi yaita chando uye thaws kwete zvachose, asi chete pamusoro rukoko anogona uchanyauka. In ichi wechisikigo nzvimbo hazvirevi kusangana masango uye miti yakareba. Nzvimbo Iri akapfuma anezvimiti, nzizi, mosses, lichens, zvipfupi nemiti uye zvirimwa kuti vanokwanisa kurarama mu yakadaro hasha ekunze. Dzavo tefa madzinde kukwirira duku zvakakwana achichinja kuti kuboora mhepo inotonhora.

On nzvimbo yakakura inogona kuonekwa mazitombo echando uye minda ibwe. Munguva achinaya mvura pane zvakawanda zvinokosha duku shoma madhamu. Kunyanya unogona kuonekwa pamepu of Canada, Russia, Finland. The nenzvimbo nzvimbo achinaya mvura Chinosimudzira mvura yakawanda nzizi.

Chii inonakidza pamusoro ichi kuchamhembe mapazi

Zvinogona kucherechedzwa heterogeneous nenzvimbo nzvimbo achinaya mvura. Kubva kuchamhembe uye nechokumaodzanyemba dzakava subzones matatu. In kweArctic Ocean ndiye kweArctic subzone, zvino kuchatsiviwa chikwindi uye lichen, south kunosvika nzvimbo, zvinosanganisira zvipfupi Birch, cloudberry makwenzi uye polar nemikonachando. The achinaya mvura pacharo akanaka chaizvo. Muzhizha unogona kuona sei ichivaima namavara inopenya. Totenda pamakwenzi ose blueberries, Blueberry, lingonberry, cranberry.

Okunze ari kweArctic mumarenje

Latitude achinaya mvura kuva pasi wepagore nemwaranzi mwero. Winter munzvimbo iyi refu - masere, kana kunyange mwedzi mipfumbamwe. Apa pane yakanaka zvikuru polar usiku. In ekunze chando, chando uye mhepo - a dzose chinonakidza. Winter January tembiricha kuti European achinaya mvura ine zviratidzo 10 Celsius. Zvisinei, nechokumabvazuva okunze ndiko Continental. Naizvozvo January tembiricha inogona kusvika -50 Celsius uye pasi.

Summer kunotora refu kwazvo, kunotonhora uye vhuvhuta, pane refu polar zuva. Kazhinji, avhareji tembiricha mhepo muna July kwete kupfuura 4 madhigirii, kazhinji kuonekwa drizzling mvura uye bvungapfunga. The nenzvimbo chinzvimbo Russia muna achinaya mvura - mumwe wenyika yacho dzokumadokero kwenyika uye kukwira kusvikira Bering Strait. It inoremekedzwa 1/6 yose nyika. In Siberia pane daro mukuru kubva kuchamhembe kusvikira kumaodzanyemba.

Chakakomba snowstorms uye nemadutu - zvavaisiita chakajairika munharaunda. Vanoshamiswawo saka zvechivhurumukira kuti vanogona kugogodza pasi kwete murume chete, asiwo nondo.

Ndeipi achinaya mvura muzhizha

Ndezvipi nenzvimbo nzvimbo achinaya mvura muzhizha? Panguva ino gore unogona kuwana dzinodyiwa howa uye zvakasiyana-siyana rinonaka michero, izvo vagamuchire mavara makapeti, uye achiri kuonekwa kufudza mapoka poro vanozvikudza. Saka vanotarisira zvokudya zvawo muzhizha. Deer kudya zvose anoona; lichens, Mashizha nemiti. In yechando, ivo kuwana nechouviri sezvo poro Moss.

Unique kasvisto

The Organic Nyika achinaya mvura murombo. Tundra-gley nevhu pamusoro mapazi ichi haisi yakaorera, sezvo ivo vari zvachose nechando. Havasi zvinomera zvose zvinogona kurarama mu utsinye ezvinhu enyika North, uko ivo saka shoma kupisa uye chiedza chezuva. Kupfuura zvose rakasimba pasi lichens uye mosses, polar poppies, dema crowberry, razibheri, Loyd Papera, petsanga mechelistnaya, saxifrage, chando buttercup uye nevamwe. zvirimwa ava kujairika vaenzi vemo vagari mhuka. Ndezvipi zvimwe miti inogona kuchengetwa munharaunda iyi? About 300 mhando maruva zvinomera uye vanenge 800 akasiyana mhando lichens uye mosses.

zvirimwa zvose zviri zvipfupi. Vanonzi "Forest" unogona kuenda chete kuti ibvi, uye "miti" haruchazovipo kupfuura howa. The nenzvimbo nzvimbo achinaya mvura haisi akakodzera kuti masango, uye zvose nokuda kugara permafrost, izvo anoramba kwemakore akawanda.

Animals achinaya mvura

On mawere matombo Mahombekombe zvinogona kuonekwa rasshumevshihsya shiri. The nenzvimbo nzvimbo rwokuzvarwa achinaya mvura mhuka vaya vanosarudza gungwa. rakawandisa Large mvura - nzvimbo yakakwana kuti waterfowl: shiri, duck, loons. Unogona kuwana passerines, shorebirds, waterfowl, shiri chena, Rukodzi runonzi Rukodzi, achinaya mvura hwari, skylark. Pano musingadi kuwana goroondo, asi vamiririri amphibians, matatya anogona kuwanikwa. Asi mufumi fauna of Netsuro, gava, weasels, makava, mhumhi, polar uye shava mabheya, musk musk nenzombe uye Chokwadi, poro. Lake achinaya mvura vapfumi zvakawanda hove - Sarimoni, urid dall.

Reindeer - chimwe kweArctic gwenga

Havasi bedzi chikabviswa, asiwo chiratidzo, chiri kudada achinaya mvura wongoramba. Nzvimbo yomugariro mhuka idzi vakasununguka chaizvo agare. Iripo kwete chete munzvimbo akazaruka dzoga anatswa, asiwo pazvitsuwa kweArctic Ocean. Uye mhuri chete mhuka hoofed anogona kuvapo pano. Big nyanga, tinogona kuchengeta zvose varume nevakadzi. Main simba zvitengeswa poro - Tundra miti. It lichens (chikwindi), itsvo, uswa, nhungirwa duku nemiti. In yechando, vanogona kubereka miti pasi chando, uye paakamedura nemahwanda ake.

Nguvo mhembwe muchando gobvu uye refu, vakava zvakanaka undercoat (nokuti Kupisa chengetedzo kwazvo chando). Muzhizha, zvinoramba zvichitowedzera kukosha isingawanzowanikwi uye nyore. Summer nondo ruvara - kubva wachena kuti shava. In yechando zviri kunyanya chena. The rinokosha Murongerwo achibvumira poro mahwanda kubudirira uye nokukurumidza kufamba kuburikidza anezvimiti uye musinou. Izvi mhuka aifarira kuva nevamwe uye barika.

In yechando vachifambira kunzvimbo pane zvakawanda Yagelnaya mafuro. Imwe zana kana kupfuura makiromita pokugara muzhizha - kwete dambudziko muchando yokutama poro. Ivo mukasateura kupfuura kamwe pagore. mhuka iyi inonyatsoziva, ane pfungwa huru kunhuwidza, uye anogona kunyange kushambira. Deer vakasununguka kushambira mhiri kwegungwa uye rwizi.

zvinoumba zvavari achinaya mvura mapazi sechinhu zvinodyidzana

Kana tikafunga nzvimbo yomugariro wacho achinaya mvura, zvinogona kucherechedzwa kuti kumaodzanyemba chikamu dondo inotanga. Saka zvinobva achinaya mvura. It Anotambanudza pamwe kumaodzanyemba muganhu achinaya mvura. Hezvinoi chinguva warm - muzhizha tembiricha rinosvika 14 Celsius. Musango kugamuchira yepamusoro kunonaya, izvo haana nguva sasana. Saka pane wetlands. Mukuru zvokudya omunharaunda renguva inoyerera rwizi yanyungudika chando. The mwedzi wokutanga chirimo - yepamusoro yemafashame. The nenzvimbo nzvimbo achinaya mvura mapazi zvishoma nezvishoma anopa nzira achinaya mvura.

Munhu refu akatanga kudzidza kuchamhembe nzvimbo. Zvishoma nezvishoma nzvimbo kuti kunosvika mhiri kweArctic Circle, vanhu vakawanda uye wakashandurwa. Offshore hove - huru rokurwa kuchamhembe vanhu; chukchi uye Eskimos. Vachivhima mhuka vemo vakaisa tsika dzavo zvokudya uye mapfekero. Nyama zvomugungwa, mhuka, hove, shiri - zvokudya huru. Nokuda kunovhima uye poro nokupfuwa, mbava namatehwe anobudiswa, uye dzimwe mhuka, iyo zvino kushandiswa sezvo zvipfeko.

The achinaya mvura kunoratidzwa achinaya mvura

Tundra riri mapazi pakati achinaya mvura uye taiga. The rwizi mumipata dzinogona kutowanikwa kuonekwa pamusoro sango miti yakareba. Ndizvo siyana nenzvimbo chinzvimbo achinaya mvura uye masango anogara achinaya mvura. Pano, pakati penzizi anogona kuwanikwa zvitsuwa zviduku zvipfupi miti pamwe lichen viomak. Summers vari anodziya uye refu. Nokuda pamberi miti, mhepo nokukurumidza pano haana vakanzwa zvakasimba sezvo ari achinaya mvura, uko Nzvimbo iri zvachose rakashama.

Nokubviswa masango anogara achinaya mvura kusvika penyanza chinowedzera kwazvo dzechando pamwechete simba frosts. Thawed ivhu zvikuru hwakadzama uye kuramba permafrost iri kuchengetwa chete mune dzimwe nzvimbo. The chikuru simba enzizi uyewo yakarukutika chando.