The kunonyanyisa Diving kudzika Ngarava dzepasi pemvura: zvinhu uye zvinodiwa

Yepasi pemvura shipbuilding ane zvinangwa zvakawanda. Vose zvavo, mumwe nzira kana imwe, chokuita kuti vasanyanye mano okuona Ngarava dzepasi pemvura nokuwedzera daro pakati payo uye mvura pamusoro, uyewo zvimwe. Chokwadi, mauto-maindasitiri kunzwisisa zvavo imwe nzvimbo, zvinangwa zvacho kazhinji yakasiyana chaizvo kubva zvinotarisirwa kubva munhuwo zvake rugare. Zvisinei, munyaya ino tinotarisa zvimwe Data pamusoro kukosha ichi chii Diving kudzika Ngarava dzepasi pemvura, uyewo papi dzinosiyana.

A nhoroondo shoma: bathyscaphe

Tiri zvokunyama zvinodiwa Chokwadi, pamusoro warships. Kunyange zvazvo vanhu ubanguranyika pakati zvomumvura dzezvimwe anosanganisira kushanyira kwavari, kunyange nyika yacho kunonyanyisa udzamu - nechepasi Mariana muchinjiziri, iyo inozivikanwa anopfuura 11 km kubva pegungwa. Zvisinei, nhoroondo kunyudza, vakatora nzvimbo shure muna 1960, chaiitirwa mune bathyscaphe. Ndiro zano kuti haana buoyancy iri zvizere pfungwa, sezvo unogona chete kunyura uye agomuka nokuda anonyengera engineering shasha. Kazhinji, kushanda bathyscaphe hapana mubvunzo dzekufambira ari chinjikira Ndege kure chero chakakomba. Naizvozvo kunyudza kudzika Ngarava dzepasi pemvura, izvo zvinozivikanwa kukunda madaro marefu dzinokwanisa maduku submersibles rekodhi kweinenge nguva.

Chinonyanya kukosha noruzhinji

Achitaura zvinyorwa kukura mugungwa nzvimbo, hatifaniri kukanganwa pamusoro wechokwadi chinangwa Ngarava dzepasi pemvura. Military nhovo warhead, izvo kazhinji kunogara pamusoro ngarava yakadaro, kunosanganisira kwete chete inonyanya mufambo zvakakodzera kwavari. Mukuwedzera, vanofanira kuva neunyanzvi Ndichivanza rakanakira ichi mvura mbiru ichiyangarara panguva uye nokukurumidza kunyura kudiwa kurarama muchiuto oparesheni udzamu. Kutaura zvazviri, yokupedzisira inosarudza padanho revarwi unoda chikepe. Saka, kufadza kunyudza kudzika yepasi pemvura ndeimwe yacho maitiro inokosha.

kuwedzera zvinhu

Pane zvinhu zvinoverengeka panyaya iyi. Kuwedzera kudzika yepasi pemvura achibvumira kuvandudza maneuverability ari wehunyambiri mundege, sezvo kureba warship rinowanzova kanenge akawanda makumi ezviuru mamita. Saka, kana zviri mamita 50 pasi mvura, uye ayo kukura kaviri, kutamira pasi kana kukwira hwakazara wakakwana kurasikirwa dzakavandika.

Uyezve, pane zvakadai chinhu se "chafariz rukoko" izvo zvakasimba kukanganisa Akash chiratidzo kuti mvura mbiru. Kana ukaenda pazasi kwavari, kuti yepasi pemvura anova chinenge "chisingaoneki" nokuti Tracking midziyo pamusoro ngarava. Tisingatauri chokwadi kuti pane zvikuru dzakadzika zano rakadaro ndiko kwakaoma zvikuru kuparadza chero chombo iripo panyika.

Kunokonzera kunyudza kudzika Ngarava dzepasi pemvura, kwakasimba anofanira kuva anogona withstanding pavanogadzira kumanikidzwa. Izvi, zvakare, mumaoko nevakawanda kudzivirira kugona muchikepe. Pakupedzisira, kana udzamu muganhu unokubvumira okurutivi penyanza pasi, uyewo inowedzera namano yepasi pemvura chipi radar michina riwanikwe ano Tracking hurongwa.

Basic mazwi

Pane huru maitiro maviri, achiratidza nekugona yepasi pemvura kuti svetuka. Chokutanga - vanonzi kushanda udzamu. Dzimwe manyuko, uyewo hunoratidzika chero. mamirire Izvi zvinoratidza sei yakadzika svetuka yepasi pemvura, izvo zvinogona kudzikiswa ane risingaperi kakawanda munguva yose nguva kushanda. Somuenzaniso, US "Thrasher" unowanzovapo akaita 40 dives pagore mukati kupiwa ukoshi kusvikira inotevera nguva iwe vanoedza kusapfuudza zvinosuruvarisa wakaparara nemaoko ose Atlantic. Wechipiri chinokosha - nokukosha kana kuparadza (dzimwe zvinyorwa) udzamu. Yakafanana kukura pa iyo iri hydrostatic kufurira akapfuudza simba kwomuviri, dzaona panguva mazano ari mudziyo.

kunoedza kudzika

Pane chimwe chinhu, izvo zvinofanira anotaurwa akapoteredza. Ndiwo kudzika kubhabhatidzwa yepasi pemvura, muganhu maererano Masvomhu, kutsvaga pazasi zvinogona kukonzera kuparadzwa ganda pacharo, kana mapuranga, kana zvimwe zvinoshandiswa kwokunze. It Anonziwo "bvunzo" mune imwe nyika zvinyorwa. Hazvina chero zvazvingava hakufaniri kupfuura chimwe mudziyo.

Vodzokera "Thresher": yokungotaura = 300 metres, akabva kunoedza kudzika 360 metres. Nenzira, kudzika yepasi pemvura anotumwa pakarepo pashure nezvekutanga muUnited States kubva chirimwa uye, chaizvoizvo, "iri kumhanya" pariri imwe nguva isati iri inoparadzirwa achirayira dhipatimendi. We kugumisa chinosuruvarisa nyaya "Thrasher". Miedzo 360 metres hwakaguma zvinosuruvarisa kwaari, uye kunyange zvazvo akanga asina nokuda yakadzika kwazvo, uye michina nezvinetso yepasi pemvura yenyukireya-dzinofambiswa, asi tsaona, pachena, hakusi netsaona.

The yepasi pemvura akarasikirwa nokukurumidza nokuda injini chemabhazi, vachiridza kutsigisa igwa Matangi vakakundikana, uye chikwata akaenda pasi. Maererano nenyanzvi, kuparadzwa yepasi pemvura Hull kwakaitika pane imwe kudzika anenge 700 metres, zvekuti, sezvataona, pakati bvunzo kukosha uye zvechokwadi anonetsa pane vakadzikama musiyano.

Paavhareji nenhamba

Nokufamba kwenguva, Chokwadi, tsika pakadzika vachikura. Kana yepasi pemvura World Second vakanga dzaona kukosha 100-150 metres, inotevera chizvarwa izvi zvakawedzera pakunogumira. Nokugadzirwa kwakaitwa mukana kushandisa fission yenyukireya kusika Motors kunyudza udzamu Ngarava dzepasi pemvura rakawedzera. Mukutanga 60s achitova oda 300-350 mamita. Modern Ngarava dzepasi pemvura vane mitemo pamusoro 400-500 mamita. Saka kure pamusoro mberi ichi, pane hwakajeka kurega kunotanga zvinoita sokuti nyaya kuti zviitiko zveramangwana, kunyange zvinokosha kutaura chinhu chirongwa hunoshamisa wakasikwa muSoviet Union muna 80s.

Mhedziso rekodhi

Tiri kutaura pamusoro yepasi pemvura "Komsomolets", zvinosuwisa, zvinosuruvarisa pai, asi ndezvaiye kune vachiri unconquered yepamusorosoro kukura ano megungwa Ngarava dzepasi pemvura. Izvi rakasiyana purojekiti achiri asina analogues munyika. Chokwadi kuti yakasimba chaizvo, zvinodhura zvikuru uye zvakavaomera pakuita zvinhu raishandiswa gadzira muviri wayo - titanium. The kunonyanyisa kunyudza kudzika yepasi pemvura munyika vachiri ndowenyika "Komsomolets". chinyorwa ichi chakagadzwa 1985, apo Soviet yepasi pemvura yakasvika 1027 metres pazasi gungwa pamusoro.

By munzira, uchishandisa mutengo nekuti zvakanga 1,000 metres uye zvinofungidzirwa - 1250. Somugumisiro, "Komsomolets" akanyura 1989 nokuda simba moto, iro rakatanga ari kudzika vanenge 300 metres. Uye kunyange zvazvo, mukusiyana zvakafanana "Thrasher" akakwanisa ichiyangarara, nyaya ichiri kwakanga kuchirwadza zvikuru. The moto dzaparadzwa kuti yepasi pemvura kuti anenge pakarepo rikanyura. vanhu vanoverengeka vakaurayiwa mumoto asi, uye vanenge hafu vaunoshanda rikanyuramo nechando mvura kusvikira podospevala rubatsiro.

mhedziso

The kudzika kunyudza Ngarava dzepasi pemvura ano ndiko 400-500 metres, kufadza rinowanzova yakati yepamusoro tsika. Record 1027 metres, kuisa "Komsomolets", asi haagoni kuwana chero huripo Ngarava dzepasi pemvura nezvombo kunyika dzose. Shoko yeramangwana.