The kuderedza of Hryvnia muna 2014: chokuita upfumi

Kuwa Hryvnia rakatanga muna 2014 - zvinoshingaira chokutambudzika the maidan. Zvisinei, nyanzvi muri pfungwa dzose prerequisites kuwa currency yakanga kubva pakutanga 2013 nokuda zvikuru murombo mamiriro hwenyika, inotidzedzeresa kubvira 2008-2009 dambudziko. Naizvozvo, kosi anodzokororwa artificially nokuda rokutengesa vemamwe mari reserves of Central Bank of Ukraine.

The kuderedza of Hryvnia. Chii?

Kuderedza inofanira umo National mari mutengo inowira pachinhu dzimwe mari, kureva pane depreciation currency.

Nemamwe mashoko, kuti kuderedza of Ukrainian Hryvnia - nokuderera kwayo Gengi pamusoro dzimwe mari.

Kuderedza anogona ngaasvinure uye yakavanzika. Kana iwe kuzarura kuderedza of Central Bank inozivisa ichi, uye vanotaura pamusoro mari kuti vaipanana kana kurega. Kana Isimba rakadini rinogona kubudiswa mamiriro kunoderedza mari National mari. Mari haina vakatsinhanisa uye kurega.

migumisiro

kuderedza of zvinogona akanaka kana akaipa.

Pakati zvakanaka anomira:

• wedzera mudzimba kwokudiwa;
• zvinoderedza dzakawanda matura zvekushandisa;
• vachawanei kuti Export.

Zvisinei, kunaka Marwadzo zvinokosha chaizvo. Kana ari kuderedza zvinotevera kunoitika:

• kukonzerwa achifumira mitengo;
• Zvinonzi kuparara chivimbo voruzhinji vari National mari;
• kupinzwa mishonga todzokera nokuda mutengo kunowandawo;
• Vanhu vanowanzofunga kuti mubve mari yavo yose kubva munhoroondo nhivi;
• achitenga basa ipfupi nokuda rutapudzo kuti mari uye pensions.

Ukraine. The kuderedza of Hryvnia

In February 2014 pakava kuderedza makumi maviri nezvishanu kubva muzana. Panzvimbo sere Hryvnia munhu dhora zvino aifanira kupa gumi. Uye muna May, pasinei nokuti Central Bank reserves ikaurawa mabhiriyoni matanhatu Hryvnia kuderedza vakasvika makumi mashanu kubva muzana.

Panguva iyoyowo, Ukraine akagamuchira tranche mabhiriyoni gumi emadhora ekutanga. The kuderedza of Hryvnia rakamira nokuda ichi. Kunyange zvakadaro, mamiriro ezvinhu acho akaramba kudzikira. Crimea akanga yakatora kuRussia, muna Donbas akaramba hondo, uye boka iri mundima, vakazivisa pachavo vanhu Republic of Donetsk uye Luhansk vanhu Republic, akarega mitero kuna Kiev.

Saka, muna August, paiva neimwe kuderedza ari Hryvnia muna 2014. Rate zvikanyauka gumi Hryvnia munhu dhora nezvina nehafu. Nemhaka zvakaitwa Central Bank kuti reshiyo iri zvishoma kurigamuchira uye napamberi sarudzo yakafanira nzira ndarama pavane Ukraine yakanyorwa uwandu gumi Hryvnia uye mapfumbamwe nemashanu masendi por dhora. Zvisinei, pashure sarudzo, kutsigira Ukrainian Hryvnia ari pamusoro, kosi akazeza zvakare.

Munguva vhiki dhora akasimuka gumi duku Hryvnia, uye kuderedza pamusoro Hryvnia muUkraine (2014 gore-magumo) aiva mumwe zana muzana.

International Monetary Fund

Chikuru chikonzero kuparara hupfumi mamiriro ezvinhu ndiwo kuitwa zvose zvinodiwa International Monetary Ford. Vachikumbira zvikwereti IMF Kiev akaenda vakasununguka mwero kutara, kuwedzera vanhu tariffs, kuti gasi nezvimwe Magetsi nemvura, izvo zvakakonzera kutya vanhu. Vanhu havachamboroora kuvimba hurumende yavo, vakabvisa mari kubva dhipoziti munhoroondo uye vakawanda rokutenga mari.

The zvoupfumi dambudziko muUkraine kwakaitika kare. Mukupera nineties, kuRussia dambudziko kwakaitwa nyika, uye muna 2008 - munyika. Mumakore iwayo, kuderedza ari Hryvnia yaiitwawo. Zvisinei, hurumende haina kurega currency mukoridho, sezvaiitwa 2014.

chiyero akadaro aigona chete kubudirira munyika ine simba zvoupfumi uye National mari, kunotsigirwa nendarama kana hazvo. Panyaya Ukraine, upfumi kunoratidzwa akavimbika uye isimbe. Vanamazvikokota kakawanda pfungwa kuti nyaya Hryvnia pasina kutarisira kubva National Bank achaita nokuyerera guta - nokuti Hryvnia achaedza kutenga dzimwe mari.

Achisunungura Hryvnia. migumisiro

Uye zvakaitika. Mari vakatorwa kubva deposits, uye nechepakati pamahombekombe panguva ino wakabudiswa dzimwe mari kumabhengi kuramba liquidity. The Gengi vakatanga kutungamirira nevaya vanofungidzira.

Muna August, National Bank vakatenga hurumende zvisungo, "Naftogaz Ukraine" panguva bhiriyoni zana Hryvnia. The mari dzakanga dzabviswa kupinda dzimwe mari, izvo zvakonzerawo kuti kusvetuka itsva mitengo. Nokudaro, Central Bank, pasina nzira yokurwisana, akabatsira ikure zvazvingava.

Uyezve, makambani kuti Export zvigadzirwa, vakaedza kuchengeta vakagamuchira vatorwa mari kwenguva refu sezvinobvira, kufungidzira pamusoro kosi. Foreign Exchange zvakaoma somugumisiro ichi ipfupi.

Vanamuzvinabhizimisi vakaedza kuita mabasa ari nemisha kunze Ukraine, kushandisa dzakasiyana-siyana zvirongwa omunharaunda mabhanga vasingagoni kukanganisa guru. Zvino vakatsvaka vauye mari kubva mumusha macho.

Panguva iyo mubhizimisi zvinoshamisa ipfupi. Vanoita vakaedza ne chiredzo kana ano musana kuti atore mari yavo nezvimwewo uye aramu rokufambira, apo ngozi bhizimisi mari dziri hombe. Maererano hurumende nenhamba, kubva pakutanga kwegore Ukraine chakarasikirwa gumi namana hundredths ane bhiriyoni emadhora zvakananga mubhizimisi, izvo semutongo vanenge makumi maviri muzana yaipedzerwa inivhesitimendi inflows.

Anti-dambudziko matanho

Nyanzvi All nenzwi rimwe vanoti kuderedza yacho Hryvnia zvikuru chakaitika yakafanira kusunungura Hryvnia uye kuramba ane yakamisirwa Gengi. Uye chii ndiro danho rokutanga rakananga Kudzikamiswa currency achava kuramba munhu zvinoyangarara Gengi, uye kudzokera wakaiswa.

Kazhinji Anti-dambudziko matanho zvinganaka kuitisa zvimwe zvakaoma mutemo zvainanga kurerutsa dzokufungidzira kushandiswa, kuwedzera kunze kwenyika, kunyanya zvokurima zvekutepfenyura. Vakaitawo vaitaura kuti abolition vemamwe Exchange Auktionen uye kumutsa chimbadzo kune mitengo kushurudzira.

Vamwe vanamazvikokota Ukrainian vanodavira kuti National Bank ane ose anodiwa zvishandiso rokukurira currency dambudziko, asi vamwe chikonzero, havashandisi navo. Asi chero kuchaitwa National Bank, pakutanga 2015 Hryvnia pokuwa zvinowedzerwa, mwero yakasvika matatu Hryvnia mumwe dhora.

Zvakazokonzerwa kuderedza of Hryvnia muna 2014

Nyanzvi Economic Alexander Okhrimenko anoti panguva dambudziko avhareji muhoro iri pamusoro zana emadhora, asi zvinogona kuderedzwa kusvika makumi mashanu. zvikuru unongoshanda vachakwanisa kurarama mu magetsi zvakatipoteredza. Vamwe vachava varombo.

Anowedzera mari chikwereti dzimwe mari, yavanobhadhara shoma kana pasina mubhadharo. Ndiro mugumisiro ichi chisingafadzi chakajairika nokuda upfumi, dzakadai kuderedza ari Hryvnia. Muna 2014, mabhengi akatora itsva mhinduro - vakatanga kuumba inonzi pfupi zvepamusoro kana kutengeswa zvakawanda mari pane kutengwa. Pakazopera 2014, pfupi nzvimbo vakasvika mabhiriyoni matanhatu emadhora. Asi somugumisiro ikozvino muri nemabhangi haagoni kutenga madhora makumi matatu Hryvnia nokubereka makuru varasikirwa.

Kudzikamisa mamiriro ezvinhu, izvozvo proposes kuti Okhrimenko läpinäkyvä mitemo kubhengi refinancing; zvibereko zvose vatorwa mari muchivigiro zvisungo uye kushandisa yacho kuti awedzere reserves goridhe; vakasununguka deposits uye kuwedzera mitero pamusoro pavo, uye kuti kusimudza kurambidzwa Currency pamusika.

Zvinotarisirwa kuti Ukraine achakwanisa kudzokera 2013 padanho anenge 5-7 makore. Uye okunatsiridza vachava zvinogoneka chete pashure matambudziko ari kumabvazuva kunyika.

Vanoita muUkraine vari kunyanya ayo oligarchs. Ivo kundorwa pakati pavo kuti simba uye pfuma. Saka, kunze mubhizimisi achauya chete pashure, kana kuguma hondo pakati pavo.

Musimboti wokuUkraine matambudziko

matambudziko All, kusanganisira akawira Hryvnia, kwakasarudzwa kunyora kubvisa hondo muna Donbas. Zvisinei, kwemwedzi inoverengeka, kanenge dzinonzi unoshanda munhu chibvumirano, uye Hryvnia yasvika Parainge inotevera kuwa. Uye kuvandudzika haisi kutarisirwa.

Zviri pachena, nekusagona zvinetso kuedza kunyora kubvisa hondo zvoupfumi. A kusada kutyora pamwe Donbas zvinowanisa itsva uye yakawedzera vakwegura (kusanganisira ezvoupfumi) zvinetso Ukraine.

zvakawanikwa

Hondo anoparadza oligarchs nyika. Asi kutombonaka - ndechokuti hondo kumaodzanyemba-kumabvazuva Ukraine zvakaguma wandisa varasikirwa. Hazvibviri kugadzirisa zvemari nyaya mune evasingatombonamati zvoupfumi hunhu uye regai kubata nevezvematongerwo zvinoriumba. Iye zvino achiridza inokosha basa Ukraine. Kubva kugarwa zvinhu kumaodzanyemba-kumabvazuva kunobva yemberi kutapwa kwenyika.