The Jewish zvionera Region. Capital, kadhi, Photo

May 7, 1934 chisarudzo muCentral Executive Committee, izvo akasika Jewish zvionera Region. chinzvimbo chake chakabvumwa Birobidzhan nharaunda.

Nyaya

Priamurja ndima kubva kare yaigarwa madzinza akazvimirira kuti vane diki nhamba. Ndivo Tungus, Daur uye duchers. vanhu Russian vakatanga kuongorora nyika idzi kusvikira pakati pezana remakore rechi17. The zvakasimbisa kuti ichi chaiva mushandirapamwe Vasiliya Poyarkova, iyo kwakaitika June muna 1644, Russian pesvedzero muna Amur nharaunda atadze Erofey Khabarov. Pashure mishandirapamwe ake, idzi Zvishoma nezvishoma kubatana Russian mamiriro.

Pashure pokuchinja kwezvinhu 1917 hurumende itsva yakasarudza kukwezva vechiJudha kuti basa zvibereko uye vakatanga kutsvaga nharaunda yaaigara. Vatungamiriri Soviet waakafunga hurongwa naro vechiJudha zvionera Region aifanira akasikwa. Chisarudzo ichi, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, aiva enyika divi. Pakasikwa mudunhu zvionera kwakadaro kwaiva kuvandudza ukama West, iyo panguva iyoyo havana kuziva muduku mamiriro. Uyezve, kukura Far East of USSR zvaikosha, iro zvakakomba kutya eJapan.

Decision iri kugarwa vaJudha muna Amur Region shama nyika yakatorwa 28/03/1928 ari CEC Presidium. 20.08.1930 of simba iroro Soviet atara chisarudzo pamusoro paumbwe Birobidzhan woruwa, inova chikamu nharaunda Far East. Nhongonya ichi administrative chikwata chaiva chiteshi Tikhonkaya. Muna 1931 zvakanzi kunzi muna Birobidzhan ugari. Zvishoma Papera, ruwa mamiriro rakachinjwa. On kunharaunda yayo vechiJudha zvionera Region yakatangwa. Legislatively wakaiswa kuti sarudzo May 7, 1934 Resolution of Central Executive Committee of USSR.

jogirafi

The Jewish zvionera Region iri kumaodzanyemba chikamu Russian Far Eastern nenharaunda. Kumadokero kwayo chikamu chiri yakabatana Amur Region, uye kumabvazuva - pamwe Khabarovsk Territory. Muganhu wokumaodzanyemba vechiJudha zvionera nharaunda rinobatana mamiriro pamuganhu Russia. Ndezvemhuri ichitevedza Amur River, kupfuura iyo nyika China.

kuzvionera Jewish ine nzvimbo 36.3 zviuru mativi makiromita. On 01.01.2015, pamusoro nharaunda yayo vagari 168 zviuru. Residents. Birobidzhan guta iri remunharaunda muzinda reruwa.

Kenani

The richangobva kugadzwa kuzvionera achava ndechokuti kumutsidzirwa wamambo nharaunda vechiJudha. The chidzoke vedunhu kwakaita kuti activation ari mutsika immigration kubva kunze kwenyika. Ake zvachose dzokugara kuFar East wamasarudza vanenge mazana manomwe vanhu kubva Lithuania uye Argentina, Latvia, France, Belgium, Germany, Poland, Palestine uye United States.

Zvose izvi zvinoratidza kuti chisarudzo Soviet hurumende akaita chaizvo munhu yainakidza mhinduro munzanga yechiJudha. Izvi hazvishamisi. The murefu vanhu akafara dzinounzwa kwairi kunharaunda yayo uye nechouviri pamusoro payo akatodzana statehood.

nzvimbo

City Birobidzhan saka sonorous zita kubva mazita nzizi mbiri dzomunzvimbo inoyerera pedyo - Bira uye Bijan. Pamahombekombe akare, uye akanga pakukwana pakati rekuUnited zvionera nharaunda. Birobidzhan pamepu anogona kuwanikwa kumabvazuva Bijan River. Ndezvemhuri zvinofambirana Bireh uye riri makiromita ane zana kubva muguta. Zvinonzi nzizi mbiri idzi dzinoyerera kupinda simba Amur.

Birobidzhan pamepu yeRussia ndeimwe nhepfenyuro yacho Trans-Siberian Railway. It kunoratidzwa ne napedyo nomuganhu China (zvose 75 kilometers).

Attractions EAO guta

Main Street Birobidzhan zita Sholom Aleichem. On mundima paki iri shongwe munyori wechiJudha akakurumbira. Uyu mufananidzo dvuhmetrovaya mhangura Shalom Aleikhem (Solomon Naumovich Rabinovich) iri ibwe chawo. Vashongedze Monument yendarira Bhanabhasi-reliefs, izvo dzinoratidzira mifananidzo kubva munyori akatsanangura upenyu vechiJudha vanhu.

Kwete kure Shongwe ndiye Regional Museum, vane Exhibits vari unyanzvi ano. In panzvimbo yeImba sangano rino anogona kuyeva mifananidzo kubudikidza wepanguva vemifananidzo, zvakanyorwa pamusoro nyaya yekare. To musi, muunganidzwa ichi rine anenge mazana maviri zvidimbu zvakasiyana siyana, vanyori ndivo vaimbi kunzvimbo vanoverengeka Russia.

Guta guru Jewish zvionera District anopa vashanyi uye vagari veguta kunakirwa basa rokusika chikwata ari emunharaunda philharmonic muvanhu. In nzvimbo iyi unyanzvi uye tsika yechiJudha zvionera Region zvakatanga chirongwa anonakidza okusika mabasa kuti embody makumi matanhatu Artists pakati Genres siyana.

Construction Philharmonic chivakwa yakapedzwa muna 1984 uye nhasi guru konzati horo nomufaro kushanyira vaoni mazana manomwe. mamiriro akasununguka kushanda vakasikwa kuti zvikwata okusika. Ndine edzesero uye sehofisi, kupfeka makamuri, zvikuru ano inzwi, chiedza uye mavhidhiyo fungidziro wemuTesitamende chivakwa.

The zvenharaunda philharmonic mitambo netsika dzechiJudha uye necheSalvic. Uyai pano kuti nhandare yakakurumbira Russian uye vatorwa soloists uye mapoka basa.

Imwe tsika zvinokwezva Birobidzhan ndiye Regional Museum. Zvinokwanisika vanyatsoziva pamwe munhoroondo kuzvionera Jewish, iyo yakabuda makore mashoma pamberi hwaIsraeri. In dzimba zviri kuratidza zvinonamatwa uye magwaro kuratidza nhoroondo chidzoke uye kukura muguta. It Akaunganidzawo uchapupu tsika uye zvoupfumi nokubudirira, izvo Anozvirumbidza District. The miziyamu riri pedo musinagogi Lenin Street.

Vaenzi vanogona kuongorora Birobidzhan uye wokutanga ibwe chechi, yakavakwa munharaunda. It Annunciation Cathedral, yakapedzwa muna 2004 kuvaka

Awesome ezvinhu sangano kudada vechiJudha zvionera Region. Birobidzhan rinopa vashanyi uye vagari veguta kuzoshanyira Arboretum. On yakakura 19 hectares kukudziridzwa chaiyo muunganidzwa zvinomera. basa guru iri kuitwa kuitira rokuvandudza chirimwa zvinhu munharaunda, uyewo zveupfumi, dzidzo, dzidzo uye zvesayenzi mabasa. paka Izvi zvakakodzera kudada Jewish zvionera Region. nharaunda mepu inoratidza kuti iri mapazi zvakavhenganiswa coniferous-Deciduous masango. Ndokusaka zvakawanda miti chizvarwa kuti Arboretum ose. Panewo nemiti. Asi, pasinei ichi, mumwe gore mupaki akaita achiwana yemisidhari mizambiringa yakabva kumwe, misipuresi uye spruce.

Vashanyi nharaunda iyi yakasiyana nedzimwe excursions, umo munogona kuona vakawanda muti marudzi. Special mudungwe munzira nzira nhema pachikomo, iyo inopa kunoshamisa maonero ari anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri Uldury, Bastak, Shua-pokto. Pamwe miganhu mupaki vari madziva maduku. Vagari yavo invertebrates diki, matatya uye Far East Siberian salamander.

In Birobidzhan pamazita zvinokwezva vari zvakare:

- Lenin Monument chakavakwa pamberi chivakwa apo iri pamberi Provincial Government;
- Dombo rekare rakanyorwa nezvokukunda chakavakwa pasuo reguta, apo pane zviratidzo vari Russian uye Yiddish;
- shongwe vachikudza mapiyona ari mativi pamberi yemapurisa yokutanga Jewish;

- tsime rine menorah wechiJudha;
- chirangaridzo ane murazvo husingaperi pakuyeuka vagari vaya vakafa munguva Great Patriotic War;
- Chapel Orthodox aitonga Icon of Amai vaMwari, yakavakwa mupaki yacho Victory;
- EC-3 tangi, akatasva sezvo shongwe muna 2005.
- musinagogi;
- Sculpture Jewish violinist uye Dombo rekare rakanyorwa nezvokukunda pamwe afungisisa anoti panguva Philharmonic;
- Church of Nikolaya Chudotvortsa, repuranga muna 1998-99.

nguva mapazi

Nokuti kuti kuFar East, pane imwe yakawanda kure guru Russia ndiyo Jewish zvionera nharaunda, zvichinzi zvava noruremekedzo kuMoscow pa7 am. Iyi nguva mapazi neezvitendero dzakawanda kunzi VLAT / VLAST (Vladivostok Time Zone). Panyaya Greenwich kunoreva nguva iya maawa 11.

Climate

The Jewish zvionera Region iri munzvimbo dzaitongwa yakaoma uye chando, uyewo nyoro uye inopisa yechirimo. Zviri mapazi ose unozvidzora monsoon Climate wongoramba. By kwayo dzinongoitika ezvinhu EAO ndiyo chimwe chezvinhu zvakanaka nzvimbo kuFar East. Features okunze munyika dzine kusika zvinhu zvakaisvonaka pano pave yemakwenzi uye masango zvinomera uye zvirimwa zvokurima.

More chakakomba okunze kuchamhembe ndima reruwa akasiyana. Heano vamwe nzvimbo permafrost. In rwezasi, zvakasikwa ezvinhu zvakawanda zvakanaka upenyu.

Paavhareji tembiricha munharaunda January EAO anoda kubva 21 kusvika 26 Celsius. Muna July, mhepo huru kuna 18-21 inegumi. Average uwandu outliers pagore kunayisa anoda kubva 500 kusvika 800 mm.

tsika nemagariro

Zvionera Jewish Region (Far Eastern Federal District) ane yayo akasiyana monyorora. Izvi zvinonyanya yakaorera ndima Amur nharaunda iri yakaorera pasi kuti kukura unyanzvi uye tsika. Ndicho mukuru vechiJudha zvionera Region kuFar East mabhuku Studio. Nokuedza nhengo dzayo dzakabudiswa anthologies akadai "Birobidzhan" uye "revarwi vairinda".

Pakati inokosha nemagariro zviitiko munzvimbo - pakusikwa State Jewish Theater. In 1970, yakavhurwa Birobidzhan Jewish Chamber Musical Theatre. Nguva pfupi pashure pacho, zvesimba ake akatanga achifarira nevaimuteerera pamwe wavanongoshandisa yemitambo uye Ensemble pamusoro violinists.

zviwanikwa

Kuchamhembe yechiJudha zvionera nharaunda, uyewo kumusoro-dzokumadokero chikamu anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri dziri Pompeevskogo, Sutarskoye, Zvikanganiso Hinggan uye kunozvikurudzira Bureya muhomba. Hills munharaunda yechiJudha zvionera Region, musi wokumaodzanyemba kwayo dzakatenuka akafukidzwa nemasango Deciduous. Kurutivi rwokumusoro zvikomo izvi miti kunyanya coniferous. Muzvikamu izvi zvinogona kuwanikwa honeysuckle dzomusango muzambiringa, uye Manchurian walnuts. Inokura kunyange koko pano.

On mundima Jewish zvionera Region ane zvikuru akadzivirirwa nzvimbo. Izvi zvinopfuura zviuru mazana matatu hectares pamwe kuchengeterwa, mhuri reserves, anenge matatu dhazeni zvakasikwa sezvivako.

Amazing pakunaka kwawo chirimwa chinogona kuoneka pamupendero pamusoro mvura kwemiviri. Muzhizha nayo Anotumbuka Komarov lotus. Its huru, vane mwana wacho chanza, rima vaaleanpunainen petals vashongedze mvura.

Chaiwo Geological nemamiriro nharaunda vechiJudha zvionera Region unokubvumira zvaizoitika nezvokuwana pano mafuta nendarama mhangura, gasi uye padombo phosphate, zvishongo uye akatarisana mabwe, Platinum uye mangoda. Parizvino, pane kuramba kugadzirwa nesimbi manganese mhangura, talc uye magnesite, peat uye mashava marasha, itsva uye Thermo-chicherwa somushonga mvura.

administrative kupesana

The Presidium Supreme Council zvayo Resolution, rakabudiswa muna 1991, akasarudzwa yechiJudha zvionera Region kubva Khabarovsk Territory, zvichiita yakazvimirira sangano. Muna 2006, rinotevera matunhu neminisiparati kuchinja akanga akatakurwa kunze. Somugumisiro, mumaruwa shanu yakakamurwa kupinda zvionera Jewish District. Cities in muchirongo shoma. Chete vaviri. It Birobidzhan, Birobidzhan ndiye pakati woruwa, uyewo irradiated (Obluchensky dunhu). The nzvimbo nevamwe zvitatu vari mumisha nemisha. Mazita aya miganhu masangano akanyorwa pazasi:
- Leninsky dunhu - Nhongonya kwomusha Lenin;
- Oktyabrsky dunhu - Nhongonya mumusha Amurzet;
- Smidovichsky dunhu - Nhongonya mumusha Smidovich.

hwemangwana

Kubva kuma1990 pamusoro chinzvimbo kusango vakatanga kufamba nhaurirano kupopotedzana. Ndiyo yaiva nguva apo vaJudha akatamira Israeri chirwirangwe. Zvakaguma nemaonero pokuwa yechiJudha zvionera Region, uyewo kukodzera ivepo munguva yemberi.

Pari, chirongwa yakatanga nokubatana Jewish zvionera Region muna Khabarovsk Territory, uyewo panyaya nokuda kwebasa iri Amur nharaunda pamwe mawa paumbwe Amur nharaunda.