The Artist Karl Bryullov: Biography, upenyu pachake, basa

Karl Pavlovich Bryullov (1799 - 1852) - Velikiy Karl - saka kunyange muupenyu hwake chainzi vakararama pasi rokupenda wacho. zita rake ukauyiswa ndima mazita yakanakisisa Portrait Painters pakati Flanders. Uye Mambo Nicholas Ndakauya pakuyemura kwakadaro kubva pamabasa ake, ayo akamupa rin'i ine nedhaimani.

French midzi

Basa vemifananidzo mhuri Bryullo akanga nhaka: ake makuru-sekuru, sekuru uye baba - zvose zviri mumusangano kwaisanganisira nenyanzvi. Baba, academician uye muzvinafundo, aiva mudzidzisi vana vavo vokutanga. Amai yemberi painter raiva zita rake Musikana Schröder, vachibva mhuri Russified German.

Makore kudzidza (1809 - 1821)

Kwemakore gumi nemaviri akadzidza ari Academy Karl Bryullov. Biography naye makore aya, nemhaka yakasiyana tarenda uye zvakakomba kudzidza, kumhuka kupfuura zvakanaka; akamira pakati navo. Education kwakavakirwa mirawu classicism. The kutevedzana dzokudzidza ikozvino akarasika, akanga haachinji. Nokuswedera mhenyu mienzaniso akauya pashure refu dzinotevedzana zvokukura nokudzidziswa: kutevedzera epakutanga (vachiri lifes uye nhamba nziyo), kuswedera kubva nesuko anodyara, ipapo - mannequins Zvarakasvibirira "vanhu".

Karl kuramba achifamba pamberi vezera ravo. The Jaya aida classicism zvechokwadi, rakanga akaisa kuti yakanaka chaiyo, apo pakanga pasina nzvimbo mhirizhonga uye chipatapata nyika. Asi upenyu kwayo enyika nokuchiva kunaka kurarama muzvarirwo mhenyu chazara nyika ive idealist. Zvino ake firimu rokutanga "Narcissus" (1819) akaenda Zvimiso kuumbwa kuti vave wakasiyiwa Academy. Uye nokuti makwikwi mufananidzo raakanga achiita uchiwirirana vose canons, Bryullov akagamuchira menduru yegoridhe.

Trip kuItaly

Recently akasika Society kuti akurudzire Artists anotumira hama mbiri, Charles uye Alexander, muRoma. Heino mufananidzo Aleksandra Bryullova mumakore iwayo. Akanga asiri chete akanaka, asi ane mukuru anokwanisa kuti mufananidzo uye mapurani. In St. Petersburg, akavaka imba yacho Pulkovo Observatory uye mberi. kushanya uku kokutanga kunyika yose yakapoteredza nomuti unyanzvi uye runako, uchaburuka ari mweya hama. Panguva ino, chisarudzo yaKesari Russified zita ravo uye ikozvino inova Bryullo uye ounyanzvi. Panguva ino, mumugwagwa, Karl Bryullov, Biography iyo akamupa musangano gothic art, uye mabasa Titian, anoshamiswa uye inoyemura navo. Asi zvishoma nezvishoma pfungwa romanticism nayo Russian haisati kuzivikanwa, vanotanga kunetseka nezvazvo.

Florence uye pakupedzisira Roma zvachose vakashamiswa uye Ugare jaya Artist. Kupfuura zvose, iye rinoyemurwa Raphael uye Leonardo, asi anotiwo kuti yokusagadzikana munyika. It woibvisa rusununguko rwokufamba. Rusununguko - ndizvo kunokwezva vanhu vose venyika. Kana mumwe mufananidzo panguva ino Bryullov vasingagoni kupedza - musoro hakukodzeri kuva coherent gadziriro zvose kuti anoona. Asi anoita kuda 120 Portraits. mhando ake ose, pasina chakasara, akanaka. Somuenzaniso, "Portrait of EP Gagarina vanakomana Eugene, Leo uye Theophilus "(1824). Nechekare mubasa iri mangwanani zvinogona kuonekwa uye kwakajeka chipo colorist uye unyanzvi, zvakamupa Academy. Izvi yepedyo mhuri asian yemhuri nako womufananidzo aiva shamwari, pakarepo rinomutsa tsitsi. Mumakore aya, kuva yakakurumbira rokupenda, kugamuchira zvirevo zvakawanda, Karl Bryullov, ane Biography anoita itsva dzokai, Anoparadza pamwe Society nokuda Kukurudzira nenyanzvi uye akatanga kunyora kuzvipira kudzidza. Iye akasununguka kusarudza nguva, anogona kuumba chigadzirwa idzva uye kuzoitengesazve. Ounyanzvi vakava yakazvimirira.

Formal asian (1832)

Izvi shamwari asian-painting, izvo anomirira Giovannini uye Amatsiliyu Pachchini. Unonzi sezvo mufananidzo "Rider". The vokuItaly chatangwa kutaura imwe Russian rokupenda muduku. Nechido vatsoropodzi Italian kunge touted muna firimu zvose - the virtuosity nako kwakanyorwa, akatunhidzwa uye akapfuma palette. Vakakundwa nokuda kwomuzvarirwo nenyasha kufamba uye postures, epurasitiki zvakakwana. Vazhinji vavo vaidavira kuti kupenda "Rider" segwapa shasha. Movement mapatani dema bhiza rinomhanya, asi ivo vari pakati nepakati uye kuita nemhaka compositional marongerwo. Figure Giovannini, nechivimbo vagere sidesaddle ndekwakanangidzirwa womufananidzo uyo Ugare rayo regal UKURU, kukwanisa kukurira bhiza restive asingagoni kuwana pamusoro payo pashure kufamba uye anosimuka pamakumbo ayo hadzi. Zizi satin bhiza uye chena fluffy siketi mhepo wokuenzanisira anorasira kwezvokufuka pleats pasi, achisiyanisa. Munyoro uye vakashinga nguo ruvara Giovannini uye Amalitsii kuti pamusoro muvharanda noruyemuro asangana ichiyevedza mutasvi.

Nyika yose iri rakanaka pasi tenzi bhurasho. Little Amalitsiya zvakagadzirirwa kuisa kubvisa kuzvidzora uye kudzikamisa bhiza hanzvadzi. Amalitsiya achitarisa zvikuru Amazon nechivimbo, muchinzwirana, achishamisika. imbwa duku maviri akasangana akanaka wechidiki mutasvi. On shaggy doggie muhuro akanyorwa "Samoilova", zvakanyorwa Latin. Runako pauduku, rudo kwake vakashinga uye chivimbo tinoona yomufananidzo uyu. Hazvibviri kuti kuisa pedyo mufananidzo zakazschitsy Y. Samoilova, iyo nguva dzose akafuridzira rokupenda. Iye zvinoshamisa uye akafanira chemhando rumbidzo Bryullova unyanzvi.

nhoroondo mufananidzo

In kufanana pakasikwa pamusoro Portraits, watercoloured, duku Italian nharaunda Bryullov Karl, vane mabasa vanobatanidza zvezvidzidzo chekare, Baroque uye realism, pamuviri muna 1827 yakakura, chikuru nhoroondo kupenda uye muna 1830 akatanga dzika nayo. Chokwadi ndechokuti, yokudhirowa vakashanyira Zvakafukunurwa muna rePompeii. Akanga akashamisika papi zvisaririra eguta rekare zvinochengetedzeka. RePompeii mupenyu, hapana chete vapemhi ari zvitoro, vanhu vanoenda pamusoro basa ravo mumigwagwa, muzorore musha kana kugara Vapar.

Pfungwa mufananidzo "Mazuva Okupedzisira rePompeii" Bryullov Karl vakarangana makore matatu. Panguva ino akaverenga vazhinji tsamba zvapupu. Aesthetics pamusoro Romanticism, iyo zvino vakazadzwa the artist, rakavimbika akabvunza. Kusvika pamwero zvakanzi sei uye ushamwari munyori Pachchini, uyo akanyora dhanzi "Mazuva Okupedzisira rePompeii." Bryullov Karl akanzwa naye, uye iye pamberi pake zvokudya pfungwa uye fungidziro. Uyezve, akanga kunamatwa Raphael akafuridzirwa ake multi-Nhamba tuore muna Vatican. Plastic pazvinhu vake, mutinhimira pamusoro sangano rwokufamba siyana nemasaini - chikoro pakati Raphael. Zvisinei, ruvara icho achashandisa, kuti painter podcherpnet iri kupfuma kwakaita noruvara Titian. It pave rinokosha mhando vakadzi - simba, vakaoma, kutsamwa uye zvinoshamisa yakanaka. neMuse ake aiva Countess Samoilova Yu, ane chitarisiko pamufananidzo akanyora katatu.

njodzi zuva

Ukuru yenhamo nguva vakafungisisa kanivhasi. Izvi wokupedzisira anotyisa dzvuku dema-zuva. Rakanga zvose mirazvo yomoto, achiumburuka nhema padurunhuru, rattled nezvivakwa kuti kuparara, anochema rubatsiro tsaona kumhanyira vanhu kuti vanamwari vavo havana kutumwa kudzivirira. Hongu pachavo vamwari vavo kuwa, asingakwanisi kubereka kutsamwa pasi nemafungu rinoputika. Munyaya nechekumberi, amai vachimbundirana vanasikana vaviri uye vakavhunduka kuona kuti kudzivirira pasina kumirira kwenguva yakareba. Dzavo vanamwari yakadhirika. Near vanakomana vari baba vakwegura, uye mukomana ichiwira zvitsigiso mwenga. Ipapo bhiza vaitya asingadi kuteerera mutasvi waro. Zvose zviri inonetsa zvitange. Chete emhizha akadzikama. Anoda nokusingaperi kurangarira mavara aya uye kufamba. Musiki - chapupu, uyo vanoyeukwa vacharamba ropa kuguma usiku.

Figures chete sculpted. Asi hapana munhu anotenda kuti izvi yavo yokupedzisira yenhamo nguva. Asi vamwari auspicious akavadana ichi yakakwirira, eerie kuona. Vanhu mukombe uzere kutambura izvo vakatumirwa. Ounyanzvi akapfeka ari chaiwo muchimiro manzwiro zvakaitika kuvanhu vari mumufananidzo. rinoreva zvose manzwiro the artist - zviri yakaisvonaka romanticism.

Kubudirira kuItaly zvisiriizvo guru. Asi Paris haana kukoshesa basa iri, asi Russia akasangana kubhururuka mavara paguva. It akapindura uye Pushkin uye E. Baratynsky. Gogol, Zhukovsky, Lermontov, Belinsky, Kiichelbecker - zvose zvikuru vanoonga basa iri. Zvino pashoo akaenda kuvanhu - vanhu vomuguta, navapfuri vesimbi, mhizha, vatengesi. Uye Mambo Nicholas I pachake vateereri, raizoitwa akazotevera, painter musoro korona welaurel korona.

Homecoming

Apedza kusika zvikuru mifananidzo akumbirwa Emperor Nicholas I, yokudhirowa Karl Bryullov, kushanyira Greece, Konstantinopl uye Moscow, akadzokera St. Petersburg. Asi mugwagwa iye akarwara, uye kudzoka zvayakapfuura zvishoma kweanenge makore matatu. Nzira womufananidzo rakashanda. Saka akanyora 1835 mufananidzo mutevedzeri Admiral VA Kornilov, remangwana gamba iri Crimean War. Bryullov akakwanisa kunzwa hunhu zvivezwa zvavo. Zvino anongozvarwa akasarudza umhare munhu. Zvisinei, muMoscow akanga 1835. Ikoko akaita kumuzikamwi wake pachake pamwe AS Pushkin uye V. Tropinin, redu hunoshamisa portraitist, vakabuda wakakombwa. vemifananidzo vaviri akaonga matarenda nemumwe uye shamwari simba.

In St. Petersburg (1836 - 1849)

Panguva ino akanga achidzidzisa ari Academy uye vakanyora Portraits zhinji. Tinoziva kuti mabasa NV Puppeteer, VA Zhukovsky, IA Krylov - zvose vakararama Karla Bryullova. Portraits dzavo womufananidzo anonyora. Akaita mifananidzo "Svetlana" VA Zhukovsky. Large zvenhoroondo Mifananidzo havaumbi zvakawanda Bryullov Karl. Basa nebudiriro rokupedzisira nguva upenyu nhema mumunda portraiture. Nestor Kukolnik - murume uyo womufananidzo aida uye vaiona naye shamwari yepedyo, kunyange mufananidzo haaratidzi yayo yakanaka unhu zvikuru womufananidzo achakwanisa kutarisa nyika yake yomukati. muenzaniso wake dzakarukwa nokupokanidzana uye zvichiratidza. Romantic ounyanzvi zvaitambidzwa Canvas mumhepo kupokana uye nokuvhiringidzika - the zeitgeist. Upenyu-kusimbisawo yezororo Bryullova aenda. In mufananidzo, tinoona kuti zvakaoma kuratidza mashoko, zviri dzinopikisana, izvo tinoberekwa chaiwo yezvakaita puppeteer. It uye kunyara, uye swagger, uye vamwe kutsoropodza. The muenzaniso anotarira zvakananga panguva Fafitera, asi nhamba ndeyokubvisa pasi kurema kurega kunotanga. Life akadzivira rusvingo ake. Zvinoumba akadzikama, chete mutambi inoita simba chiedza hunenge uye kukakavadzana.

muchato

Muna 1838, Karl Pavlovich Bryullov akasangana uye gore akazoroorwa Emily Timm. Papera mwedzi vagari upenyu vawanani zvakanga zvisingaiti. Uchiteverwa yakareba kurambana zvekufamba. Karl Bryullov, ane Biography zvichishandiswa nehasha fluctuated, akarambwa muvanhu. Nyaradzo iye wakange rokusangana Yuliey Samoylovoy, vaibva kuItaly muzviitiko chokuita nhaka. Pachake, iye akanyora naye chakarongwa asian. Zvakare paanoona mukadzi yakanaka, vakakodzera nzvimbo pamusoro pakagadzirwa nematanda. Karl Pavlovich Bryullov zvakare unoponesa, anoimba zvinoshamisa munhu. Simba romudzimu wenyika Countess rinowanika uye kwokunze akakura mbiru uye draperies, vakawanda kuumbwa zvidimbu Samoilova, iro rinowanikwa pamberi vateereri, sezvinoita yakanaka antiikki chivezwa. The Artist kamwe zvakare anoona runako uye simba mune zvokunamata. Munyika anoedzesera Samoilova Akadonhedza chifukidzo uye vakaratidza nyika akasununguka.

Karl Bryullov: kuzvipira asian (1848)

Kushanda pamusoro mifananidzo yose Cathedral St. vaIsaka, iyo ichiri pasi kuvakwa, Bryullov kurwara. Akamuka rheumatism, akapa mwoyo matambudziko. Akanga ushandiswe mubhedha zororo uye zororo rakakwana. Communication akanga aderedzwa kushoma - zvakanzi akashanyira chete navanachiremba. Zvino, munhu repakati painter, iye nokukurumidza mashanu, pashure chirwere, kana iye Otlezhal oga kwemwedzi anopfuura matanhatu, kutarisa pachake mugirazi ane zvinovava mwoyo. Ndiye simba, inoti ake vagadzikana mamiriro, noruoko, hwaakange mutsinga bulging, akarembera mira. Asi vamwe hakusi pano. The kupenda anopedzisa upenyu. Nechapamusoro vari akaderedzwa, creases uye wrinkles pakati anoratidza basa exacerbations pfungwa. Kuchinja enyika dzakawira nyika, vari kurasikirwa, uye yokudhirowa, unofunga anoenda isiri mugwagwa. Iye ane ndaneta ichi chakanaka uye kuzvikudza vanhu. simba High mudzimu wake, anotofanira vanozvininipisa. All kurwadza mumatauriro kuzvidzora asian. Akaona mugirazi, kwete chete pachake, asi zera rake zvose.

Okugadzira zvinhu Karl Briullov

Mumakore okupedzisira oupenyu hwake (1849 - 1852) pazuva kunenge vanachiremba Brullov kuchengeta kunze. Aiitirwa pachitsuwa Madeira, uye akabva atamira Italy. Iye anogara neshamwari mhuri Garibaldi. Pfungwa kurwira rusununguko womufananidzo vakanongazve. Iye zvakare, pasinei mumwoyo kukundikana, basa rakawanda. Academic canons sidelined. Nechido kuti hwapararira nyika, richiratidzwa ari mufananidzo naJuliette Tittoni, iyo kunoratidzwa dzokurwa. This Italyanskaya Zina pamusoro Arc.

The Artist pave maberere mifananidzo kurwisa kuItaly. Akatangazve kutenda mavari uye nesimba ravo. Asi arege kuziva sei nguva shoma nayo asunungurwa. Shure kuenda rwendo rurefu hakumbofi academicism achiri muduku nokuenda kudanana maonero enyika uye vachifara Chanting yorunako, uye mumakore akazotevera, pedyo realism, Karl Bryullov, muna pfupi, zvichiita kuti Russian uri zvemariro yakakwirira, kunyanya mune portraiture, haana kuti kuzivisa zvavo okusika zvinogona.

Akaramba mwoyo, uye iye akafa usiku Arikukachidzwa. Russian shasha akavigwa Italy, muguta duku riri pedyo neRoma, ari muRoma kumakuva. Muna 1852 ichi, Russia akarasikirwa VA Zhukovsky, NV Gogol, yakanakisisa mudzidzi Bryullova Fedotov.

Pose pazvinoita, nyaya anorondedzera mifananidzo Karla Bryullova. zvaakasika kutaura nesu mutauro rakajeka uye nyore. Kupinda nyika akasikwa ane rokupenda, uye enchant waunoda uye runako, izvo akarumbidza tenzi.