Symbolism ndiyo unyanzvi hwekukurukurirana

Symbolism - iyi inorudzi rweutungamiri mune unyanzvi, hwakaratidzwa pakati pezana remakore rapfuura muFrance. Urwu ruzivo rwakakurumidza kuponesa mukurumbira hukuru uye hwakaramba huchiwedzera hunobudirira kusvika muzana remakore rechimakumi maviri.

Symbolism imwe yezvinhu zvinonyanya kukosha zveunyanzvi hwepasi. Kunyange zvazvo yakaonekwa chete muzana remakore rechigumi nemapfumbamwe, zvikamu zvayo zvinogona kunyatsoonekwa kubvira kare. Semuenzaniso, chiratidzo chechiKristu chinogadzirwa nemifananidzo yeGothic yemakore ekumavirira uye murals. Muchidimbu, mifananidzo yakawanda iyo vanyori vakapihwa munguva yeRoma, unogona kuona zvinhu zvakawanda zvekufananidzira.

Zvisinei, izvi zvakaitwa muhutano zvakagadziridzwa zvikuru pane zvekare kare muzana remakore rechigumi nemapfumbamwe sekuenzanisa kwechokwadi nekufungidzira. Muchirevo ichi, mafungiro asina kunaka pamusoro pekugadzirisa bourgeoisie aive pachena. Symbolism chiratidzo chekushuva rusununguko rwemweya, kunyengera kunoshamisa kwezvakaitika kare uye zvehupenyu munyika yose uye vanhu.

Iro iro izwi rokuti "chiratidzo" rakatanga kubudiswa mu "Le Figaro" - yakanyatsozivikanwa yakanyorwa purogiramu - muna 1886, musi wegumi nemasere waSeptember. Pfungwa huru dzechiitiko ichi dzakatsanangurwa mumabhuku nemunyori anonyanya kuzivikanwa wechiFrench Charles Baudelaire. Akatenda kuti vanhu chete ndivo vanogona kuratidza zvakajeka humwe humwe hunyengeri hwemunyori wevanyori.

Mafirosofi uye maitiro ezvokufananidzira zvekufananidzira zvakatanga kukura pamwe chete panguva imwechete munyika dzakawanda dzeWestern Europe. Vakuru vamiririri vekufananidzira ndivo S. Mallarme, P. Verdun, A. Rembo, P. Valéry muFrance; M. Maeterlinck, E. Verharn muBelgium; G. Gaupman muGermany; R. Rilke muAustria; Oscar Wilde mu UK; G. Ibsen naK. Hamsun muNorway. Mumwe angatotaurawo kuti chiratidzo chekupera kwegumi nemapfumbamwe nezana remakore makumi maviri ekutanga zvakanyatsoenderana nemabhuku.

Symbolism mune imwe nzira chirevo chekuda rudo. The aesthetics yezvose izvi mazaya akafanana chaizvo uye akabatanidzwa. Chiratidzo chinhu chinonzwisisika chinobudiswa nhetembo. Akaratidza chakavanzika chinoreva zvinhu, akazarura zvakavanzika zvekuve, akazora dzimwe nyika, zvinyorwa, zvinyorwa zveesoteric zvezviitiko, zvakavanzika kubva kuvanhuwo zvavo. Zviratidzo zvakavezwa nemunyori zvaionekwa sezvokwadi zveuporofita, uye muenzi wacho pachake ndiye muumbi, muoni, uyo aigona kuona muzviitiko uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinenge zvakavanzika zvekuguma.

Symbolism mune unyanzvi yakataurirwa kumunda wepamweya, kune kushamwaridzana kwenyika yepanyika yemunhu, unhu hwake uye humwe, nekunze kwenyika. Maererano nemufananidzo wekufananidzira, nyika chaiyo iripo kunze kwenyika yedu inooneka, uye inogona kuratidzika zvishoma nezvayo. Ihwo unyanzvi hunoshanda semurevereri pakati penyika idzi, ndiyo nzira yekushandura nekududzira chikamu chemweya chehupenyu.

Symbolism yakanyatsopindira mumabhuku, pikicha uye maumbirwo enyika dzakawanda, zvichiita kuti nyika ishandiswe. Symbolists yakateya nheyo yekutenderera nechishuvo chavo chekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvitsva, cosmopolitanism uye kuongororwa kwakawanda.