Sumy munharaunda: misha, maguta, maguta. Trostyanets, Akhtyrka, Sumy nzvimbo

Nhoroondo yenharaunda ipi neipi yakazara mune zvakasiyana-siyana, dzimwe nguva kuchinja kadhi hupenyu hwevagari vayo. Nharaunda yeS Sumy inochengetedza zvinhu zvakawanda zvinonakidza mukurangarira kwayo, izvo zvakaitika munharaunda yaro kubva panguva yeBronze Age kusvikira nhasi. Iye zvino iri chikamu chakanaka cheUkraine, ichidonhera mukati mekurima kwemapaki nemasango, anozivikanwa nokuda kwezvirimwa zvayo zvekurima, indasitiri nemitemo. Ngatitaurire pamusoro payo zvakadzama.

Nzvimbo

Sumy munharaunda inosvika chikamu chema 23,8 makiromita makiromita, iyo 17% inotarwa nemashizha emasikirwo ezvisikwa. Kunewo nzvimbo dzemawere. Mumwe wavo Mikhailovskaya mhandara yenyika, iyo yakapinda muUukrainian Steppe Reserve. Nharaunda iyi iri kuchamhembe-kumadokero chikamu cheUkraine, munharaunda neRussia. Kureba komuganhu ndeye makiromita 298. Munharaunda yeS Sumy mune nzizi dzakawanda nzizi - Vorskla, Desna, Psel, Sula, Seim. Mukuwedzera kune izvi, kune dzakawanda nzizi duku, zviduku nemakungwa makuru. Vagari vomunharaunda maererano nekuverengwa kwa2013 kwaiva mamiriyoni 1 138 vanhu, kusanganisira 68% yevagari vomuguta uye 32% yevagari vekumaruwa. Nharaunda yeS Sumy, nzvimbo yeSyy yava nenguva yakave yakakurumbira nezvezvirimwa zvayo zvekurima (kunyanya mbatatisi) uye zvigadzirwa zvemabhizimisi. Panharaunda yaro muzana remakore rechi17, zvikwata zvakakurumbira zvakaitwa, apo vashandi venyika dzeEurope vakaungana. Mukurumbira wavo ndeyeMiropolskaya, iye zvino ari pachiyero chake anogona kukwikwidzana naSorochinskaya.

Mashoko mashomanana pamusoro penhoroondo ye Sumy

Nharaunda yeS Sumy yaive yakarongedzerwa kumashure semakore mazana mashanu kusvika kuzana BC BC nemarudzi evashamba nevabati vehove. Gare gare, varimi nevafudzi vanogara pano. Munenge makumi manomwe emakungwa emakuva uye nzvimbo yekuvigwa inowanika muSumy nzvimbo inoratidza hupenyu hwemazuva iwayo. Munenge muna 8-10 mazana emakore AD munharaunda yeSumy nzvimbo yakagara kune vokuchamhembe, avo vakazopinda muKivanvan Rus. Zvino kwakange kune maguta eGlukhov, Sumy, Romny uye Putivl nevamwe. Nyika idzi dzaiwanzoiswa pasi pekutambudzwa kunoparadza neTatar-Mongol nePolvvvans mauto, ayo akasiya chinyorwa chikuru chinyorwa "The Lay of Igor's Campaign". Asi nharaunda yeS Sumy, nzvimbo ye Sumy uye gare gare yaiva nhandare yekuurayiwa kwechisimba, kuva nhapwa kune kugoverwa kwehuchangamire pakati peRussia neve Commonwealth. Muna 1658, iyo nzvimbo, iyo iri pakati penyika yeSlobodsky Cossacks, yakamira pakudzivirira kwemiganhu yeRussia. Pakupera kwezana remakore rechi18, nekuraira kwaPauro I Sumshina akapinda muSerbodsko-Ukrainian gubernia pasi peRussia protectorate, iyo muna 1835 yakanzizve Kharkov. Muna 1923, chirongwa ichi chakawedzerwa chakawedzerwa chakaparadzwa, uye muna 1939 musi waJanuary 10 hurumende yeSoviet yakabudisa chirevo pamusoro pekuumbwa kwenharaunda yeSumy muUkraine SSR. Yaiva nematunhu gumi nematanhatu, nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana uye 8 mazana emaguta. Muna 2007, pakati peUukraine Sumy neRussia Kursk, maEuroregion, anonzi "Yaroslavna," yakasikwa, iyo yakashanda sechinhu chisina kumboitika chekukwirirana pakati peRussia neUkraine, vaviri vehama.

Sumy

Iyo jasi remauto uye mureza weguta rino zvine chimiro chinoshamisa - zvitatu zvitatu zvakafanana, sekuenderana nenhau dzeCossacks dzinogara munzvimbo idzi dzakawanikwa pedyo nehova zvikwama zvitatu zvevavhimi vakaputirwa negoridhe. Zvakaitika muna 1652. Nzvimbo yacho yakabva yatumidzwa kuti Sumina Sloboda, gare gare yakava Sumin. Shanduro yechiKukraine yezita iri ishungu uye kusuruvara kwevakasununguka munzvimbo dzavo dzekuzvarwa, nokuti muchiUukraine zvinoreva "sum". Zvisinei, zvinowanzoitika kuti kugadziriswa kwakapiwa zita rerwizi pavakavakwa.

Sangano re Sumy nekuda kwezviwanikwa zvaro zvinoshamisa. Panyika dzayo dzinoyerera rwizi Suka nemabato aro maviri Strelka naPadadka, gungwa rakagadzirwa nevanhu-Kosovshchinskoe reservoir, pedyo nemiganhu yeS Sumy. Guta iri rakashongedzwa neLake Cech uye matunhu akavakwa, kune nzvimbo dzakanaka dzepaki uye zvikwereti, dzakawanda zvekugadzira uye zvezvakaitika kare. Iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa ndiyo Altanka, iyo chiratidzo cheguta, Rumuko Kereke, yakavakwa muzana remakore rechi17, Utatu Cathedral. Vashanyi pano vari kumirira maresitema emazuva ano, mabhizimisi, cinema, maharabhukiti.

Akhtyrka, Sumy nzvimbo

Iri guta rekare rakabva munharaunda yeNoggorod-Seversky musoro, yakundwa neTatar-Mongols. Zita rinobva murwizi rumwe, pane iyo iripo. Muna 1640 munharaunda yemuguta remazuva ano Volnoye muzinda weRussia wakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza miganhu kubva kuPoles. Vakabva vatangisa kuvaka nhare yavo - Akhtyrka. Yakanga iri nokuda kwechimwe chikonzero munharaunda yeRussia. Pakupedzisira, yakaendeswa kuRussia naAdam Kisil, Kiev neBratslav voevoda. Guta rehurumende reAkhtyrka, iro raiva nzvimbo yakakura yevanhu veSlobozhanshchina, muna 1765 yakapinda muSlobodsko-Ukrainian gubernia. Akhtyrka (Sumy region) yakaita basa rinokosha munhoroondo yezvino. Munguva yeNyika Yenyika, Peter Mukuru akashanyira pano, uye muAktyrsky Hussar Regiment hero yehondo neNapoleon Davydov, munyori Alyabyev, Decembrist Muravyov, ainzi Lermontov akakurumbira.

Gluhov

Guta iri rakanyanya zvakare. Kubviswa kwacho kwakabva muBronze Age, apo madzinza eScythia akatamira pano. Iye zvino maverengeka emasvingo avo akawanikwa, izvo zvinoita kuti zvibvirire kudzidza upenyu hwekare hweGlukhov zvakanaka.

Akava nezita rake (zvichida) nokuti akanga ari mune imwe nzvimbo iri kure. Nhoroondo yeguta iri rakakosha muzviitiko zvinokudzwa uye zvinouraya. Saka, vakanga vari vePoles, Lithuanians, Russia, Ukrainians. Glukhov akapfuura kazhinji kubva kune rumwe rutivi kubva muruoko, kusvikira asvika guta guru uyezd muna 1782. Mumakore akasiyana-siyana, Glukhov (Sumy region) yakanga iri guta guru reGetmanshchina, iyo nzvimbo yekutungamira ye Little Russia, nzvimbo yekugara yehutman yeUkraine, iyo nzvimbo yekutengeserana kwechingwa. Muna 1352, denda rakaipa rakaparadza vose vagari varo. Muna 1748 uye muna 1784 mumoto wemoto dzakawanda zvivakwa zvekare zvehuni zvakapiswa, muna 1941-43 guta racho rakaputirwa nefascists. Asi Glukhov akadzokazve kubva mumadota. Iye zvino ndiyo inonyanya kushamwaridzana nemhepo uye imwe yemaguta akanaka kwazvo uye ane ruzha muUkraine ane dzakawanda mumamyuziyamu, temberi, dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvigaro zvekare, mapaki nemasikirwo enyika.

Lebedin

Kudzidza maguta e Sumy, hazvibviri kutaura nezveLebedin, uyo akakurira kumhenderekedzo yeRovishanka River neLake Lebedinsky.

Zvichida, kamwe papo paigara maruva akawanda, akapa zita remvura, uye shure kwake uye kugadzirisa. Vanhu vekutanga vanogara pano muBronze Age. Nhoroondo itsva yakadzokera muna 1652, apo vanhu vaifamba vachibva kubhombe rakarurama yeUkraine. Pane imwe nguva guta rakatumidzwa zita reLebyazhy uye raive rakakurumbira pamiganhu yayo yebhizimisi. Zvisinei, mushure meNorth War, vazhinji vakaurayiwa vevatengesi veBarapa vakaitwa munharaunda yaro, uye guta racho rakarashika rwiyo rwenyama uye rudo. Nzvimbo inonakidza yevashanyi muGomo rezvino iri Lake Shelekhovskoe. Yakaumbwa munguva yechando uye inoonekwa sekare seBaikal. Gungwa rakakombwa nemusikana mhandara, umo mhuka dzakawanda uye shiri dzinowanikwa. Mvura iri mairi inopenya uye yakachena kwazvo, dzakawanda dzehove, crayfish, beavers. Asi kuenda kune zvakaoma zvikuru, sezvo pasina migwagwa yakanaka.

Romny

Iri guta rinogara pamahombekombe eSula munzvimbo iyo rwizi rweRoma runopinda mairi. Yakatangwa mukutanga kwezana remakore rechigumi uye yakatanga kutaurwa muTestamente yeVladimir Monomakh. Zvisinei, iye akave akagarwa, seyese nyika yeS Sumy, zvakare muBronze Age. Mukutsigira kweizvi, pamwe chete nekugara kwevaSitiya ikoko kwakawanikwa nzvimbo dzakawanda dzokuviga uye nhare. Muzana remakore rechi13 rakatorwa nevaTatar-Mongols. Gare gare Romny akapinda mutauro weLithuania, ndokupinda muCommwewealth, uye kusvika kuRussia nyika. Muguta iri maiva nemitengo yeHetman Bespalogo naMambo Charles XII. Pasinei nehondo dzose dzehondo, Romny akavandudzwa sechinhu chekutengesa. Pano gore negore zvikwata zvakakura zvakaitwa, izvo vatengesi nevatengi vanobva kunyika dzakasiyana vakauya. Iye zvino ndiro guta guru reguta re Sumy. Paiva nechikumbaridzo kuna Taras Shevchenko, wokutanga munyika. Romny iguta rakanaka chaizvo. Kune nzvimbo dzakawanda dzinofadza dzokushanyira: zvikumbaridzo, musamuziyamu, zvivakwa zvekare zvekare, mahedheni akawanda uye temberi.

Shostka

Munguva dzeSoviet, Shostka yakanga yakakurumbira pamatepi ayo uye matepi akabudiswa pamuti weSvema. Iye zvino guta racho rakanatswa uye rinomirira varimi varo kuti vave Industrial Park. Yakatangwa pakati pezana remakore rechi18 pamahombekombe erwizi rwezita rimwe chete, Gulf of Desna. Chikonzero chaiva kuvakwa kwefekitari yemafuta, iyo michina yakashandiswa muhondo neNapoleon neCrimean. Nharaunda yeS Sumy, nharaunda, misha nemisha iyo yakaita basa munhoroondo yenyika, yose yakazara neyakaitika. Semuenzaniso, munharaunda yeShostka pane kugadziriswa kwe Voronezh, ine zita rimwe chete neguta reRussia, iyo dzimwe nguva inotanga kuvhiringidzika. Saka, iyo Voronezh yeUkranaine nemasango ayo ayo anotaurwa munhoroondo dzekare. Munharaunda yemuguta, mukuru weRomodanovsky akakunda uto reHetman Charnetsky, uko Svyatoslav Lipetsky, mutongi weMipetsk, aivanda.

Konotop

Iri guta revanhu vakawanda rinosanganiswa nenyaya Kvitki-Osnovyanenko "Konotop witori", asi muUkraine chete kune nzvimbo nhatu zita iri. Konotop (Sumy region) yaiva nzvimbo yezvizvarwa zveNolithic. Inowanikwa pamahombekombe erwizi Ezuch. Panharaunda yeguta uye nharaunda yacho iriwo inoyerera ruvulets yeKukuka naLipka. Muzana remakore rechi16 Konotop yaiva neLithuanians. Gare gare, Poland neRussia vakarwira nyika yake. Muna 1635 vakuru vePoland vakavaka nhare Konotop. Pasi pake yakakura guta. Iye zvino inzvimbo huru yeharaunda. Konotop inozivikanwa neHondo yeKonotop , yakaitika pano muna 1659 . Iyi yaiva imwe yehondo yakaurayiwa yeRussian-Ukrainian (maererano nemamwe mabhuku eRussia-Polish) hondo, umo mauto eRussia akakundwa. Yakarayirwa nemukuru mukuru ane ruzivo Alexei Trubetskoy. Mukurwisana naye, mazana ezviuru zvemauto anopikisa sangano reRussia. Hondo yavo yaibatanidza Crimean Tatars, Poles, vabati vemamwe nyika uye Cossacks avo vakashumira Vygovsky. MuKonotop kune mhemberero dzakatsaurirwa kuhondo iyi, nekugadziriswa kwezviitiko zvemakore iwayo.

Trostyanets (Sumy munharaunda)

Rimwe guta rakanaka kwazvo yeS Sumy ndiTrostyanets. MuUkraine, kune misha ine 20 ine zita iri. Trostyanets (munharaunda yeS Sumy) inozivikanwa nokuda kweropa rayo reNeskuchny, rakagadzirwa kutanga kwezana remakore rechi19. Pano, mukukudzwa kweHondo yePoltava, Grotto Nymph yakasikwa, apo maitirwo emitambo akaiswa. Inzvimbo yeHyrological Reserve yeBakirov inofarirawo zvikuru. Inodzivirira imwe yenyika dzakawanda dzine maruva makuru nemarudzi asingaoneki emhuka, shiri nemiti. Guta reTrostyanets, kunyange zvazvo riri duku, asi rinonakidza kushanyira. Kunyanya kufarirwa pakati pevashanyi ndeyeGolitsyn Manor uye "Round Yard", yekare yaimirira mashizha, uyewo nhandare yekuita sarudzo vateereri. Mhemberero dziri kuitwa pano.

Dunhu rakakurumbira re Sumy

Mukuwedzera kumaguta, misha yeS Sumy nemataundi aya anofarira. Somuenzaniso, taundi duku rine zita rinonakidza Vorozhba rakasimuka mumakore makumi manomwe ezana remakore rechi17. Hapana kana tsanangudzo chaiyo yezita racho, zvichida, mumazuva iwayo kwaigara hunozivikanwa munharaunda yedunhu. Imwe nzvimbo yepamusoro yezvakaitika kare uye zvemabhizimisi ndiyo Putivl, yakatangwa muzana remakore rechi10. Pane imwe nguva yaiva nhare yakakosha yeHurumende yekare yeRussia. Yaiva pamadziro ayo Yaroslavna akachema , achishungurudza Prince Igor. Ikoko kunowanzikanwawo Guru Pisarevka (Sumy region), umo mukati mezana remakore rechi18 vakagadzira nzvimbo yekuviga mapofu emapofu. Kufarira kwakanyanya kune zvipenyu zvehupenyu uye vanhu vasiri ivo vasina hanya nezvinhu zvakasikwa zvinokonzera guta reKrolevets uye iro remakore mazana maviri-rekuita chishamiso-apuli. Ndiyo chete iyo pachayo inowedzera hupenyu nematavi akadzika. Pakati pevagari vemo ikoko vanorarama dzidziso yokuti kutukwa kwekare ndicho chikonzero.