Subjectivity - chii ichi? Concept, musimboti, inotungamirwa

был сформулирован впервые в древневосточной философии. Subjectivity musimboti akanga akagadzira kokutanga yekare Oriental uzivi. Inenge vose vanofunga wacho akaonekwa dzakasiyana munhu, chikuru ukoshi.

nyore kusvika

" рассматривалось древними через простой и сложный аспекты. Pfungwa yokuti 'subjectivity "aionekwa nevanhu vekare kuburikidza nyore uye kunzwisisa zvinhu. Yokutanga hwaienzanirana Murongerwo "pabhodhi", last - chokuziva maitiro. . Nyore kusvika hazvitadzise kukura subjectivity. Kana muenzaniso kwayo inotungamirwa nyore iri muchimiro zvinyorwa vari kunzwisisa - ne zvisungo dzepanguva pfungwa.

Middle Ages

Munguva ino ziva arangarira yakakura dudziro. такое основание индивида, которое, с одной стороны, обуславливается Творцом, передающим знания и инициирующим разум, с другой – непосредственно его мышление. Medieval nevafungi akataura kuti nyaya - ndiwo hwaro wacho, izvo, kurutivi rumwe rutivi, anokonzerwa noMusiki, nokupfuuridzirwa ruzivo uye kumharuro pfungwa, pane dzimwe - zvakananga mafungiro ake. Zvinoreva upenyu anomirirwa ari kusunga kwehuMwari. Vazivi Medieval yakareba akateerera munyika nomunhu womukati. Somugumisiro, isu akagadzira mamiriro nekuti akazvitsaurira munhu zvakasikwa uye kufambira mberi kushorwa pazviri.

Uzivi New Age

стала рассматриваться в качественно новом аспекте. Pakabudiswa yebudiriro kuti kuvandudza subjectivity ari munhu akauya kuonekwa wose itsva chinotaurwa. Mwari akarega kuva zvakananga ubatanidzwe paumbwe nyika uye munhu. Man, uyewo nemakapoteredza, sechinhu mugumisiro refu shanduka. Muchiitiko chino, inokosha unhu wacho kwave kuchizivikanwa kubudikidza nokunzwisisa kwake. Kant nemabasa kuwedzera kuwanda nyaya chokuita subjectivity. Akaona, kunyanya pamberi oppositional mhando. The Zvivako anoshumira wake. Maererano Kant, nyaya itsime munhu priori pfungwa, Mapato uye kukwanisa kufunga. The chinhu akaritumidza, chii nezvimiro izvi zvose zvinogona kurapwa.

Features

Subjectivity sechipo unhu rekutanga chakaonekwa Hegel. Akabata sechinhu chokwadi, akafanana nokuva. даются с разных аспектов. Muchiitiko chino, pane mamwe maitiro subjectivity vanobva kwakasiyana zvinhu. Chokutanga, tichitarisa ari kugara pakati unhu muchikwata ichi ndiyo kuzochinja pamusoro nguva. рассматривалась в соотношении со свойством. Chechipiri, subjectivity munhu aionekwa chokuita pfuma. Maererano Hegel, Tag kurasikirwa haachinji zvinhu, asi kana iwe kushandura kunaka chinhu yachinja. Chetatu rutivi kunzwisisa - kukurukura subjectivity sezvo ehupfumi wegadziriro. Wechina - toreva unhu zvimwe zvinhu.

existentialism

связывалась с осознанием своего сознания. mutsetse uyu uzivi, kiyi pfungwa yokuti munhu aiva nyaya yake Ya Vomuyaimbova tsika dzevanhu subjectivity chokuita nokuziva pfungwa dzake. Sezvakataurwa kubudikidza Kierkegaard (mumwe wevaya vaiomerera dzidziso), nokuti Implementation wechokwadi hunhu wacho zvakafanira kusiya muvanhu uye kuti mumire pamberi paMwari. Panguva iyoyowo anofanira kuenda kuburikidza 3 zvokukura kuvapo:

1. Aesthetic.
2. Ethics.
3. Religious.

Kubva wacho achaita pakuti iye kuziva hama dzake subjectivity anogona.

Zvekufamba J.-P. Sartre

Munyori inoratidza subjectivity muna zviviri. Kudivi rimwe - munhu anosarudza pachavo. The zvinoumba munhu wechipiri haasi kukwanisa kuenda mhiri miganhu subjectivity. Sartre achingoramba rokupedzisira nzvimbo. Unhu nguva dzose anouya, invents pachake uye ake tsika. Muupenyu, hazvina musoro sezvo munhu haina kurarama uye haazvizivi. Kubva ichi zvinoreva kuti munhu - muzinda wenyika. Asi iye haana mukati asi kunze pachavo. Ari yairamba ichifambira mberi, kupinda asingazivikanwi vachiedza. Nokuti zvose zvaanoita, iye mhosva. Aiming nokuti rusununguko rwake, murume rinozivisa kuvimba dzimwe vakaomerwa payo. Kusarudza pachake, munhu formulates mufananidzo yose. Pane mitemo wakaiswa pakati kongiri maitiro, akatorwa pamwe, uye muupenyu zvavo. Tinogona kutaura kuti sechinhu chinokosha dingindira iri existentialism waitsigira ariko murume akaparadzaniswa kunzwisisa magariro pabonde. Vateveri dzidziso kunoratidza kuti munhu chichatadza rusununguko, kana iye asingadi kufa pamweya. Man uye nyika vane ramangwana chete apo nyaya anowana simba kurarama uye basa.

personalism

Ideas iyi kufamba kwouzivi yakatanga Shestov, Lossky, Berdyaev. Sezvo chikamu personalism akaisa mberi pfungwa huMwari wacho, irreducibility wayo zvepanyama uye magariro chikonzero. The kambani rinomiririrwa somunhu muunganidzwa vanhu. Maererano Berdyaev, munhu anoona iye achinyanya kuva pasi. munhu kunoratidzwa muchakavanzika chokuvapo kwake mukati. izvozvo rwunopera iri objectification womunhu. Munhu anodzidza pamusoro pachavo chete chii yakaparadzana ake womukati hwakanaka. Iye haagari chinangwa nyika yose, uye ane nzvimbo incommensurate pamwe zvichaitirwa zvakasikwa. сугубо индивидуальны. In mabasa Lossky nechepakati kukosha vasiyana pakuti kuratidzwa subjectivity evasingatombonamati nomumwe mudzidzi. Kubatana Organic keriya ari "mufananidzo nenhumbi." Panguva iyoyowo, maererano Lossky, haasi kuita somunhu, uyewo vamwe ayo potency. Kunoratidza okugadzira zvinhu, zvinoshingaira nheyo yenyika, iyo iri paakapiwa zvakananga fuma yaro. Personalism anoona munhu uye munhu. Ekupedzisira iripo mukati kunzwisisa dandemutande evanhu mukukurukurirana. Ndiye pasi kuchinja kuitika munyika. Izvi ndizvo chii chinonditadzisa kutaura pamusoro anozvipira wacho. Unhu, uyewo, pakutevedzera kuda Inoti pacharo. It Unokunda evanhu Miganhu uye richiripo upenyu.

zvakawanikwa

категория, касающаяся разных аспектов жизни. Ongorora siyana dzenzvimbo kwouzivi zvinogona kucherechedzwa kuti subjectivity - Mhando chokuita zvakasiyana muupenyu. Pamunenge muchikurukura izvozvo rinoongorora nyaya rusununguko wacho, kuda kwake, kuziva. Panyaya iyi, munhu anogona kusarudza "pachangu" kana munhu formulates nyika kwaari. происходит через создание своего сознания. Kubva ichi zvinoreva kuti paumbwe subjectivity kunoitika kuburikidza pakusika pfungwa dzenyu.

postmodernist dzidziso

Ivo avhiringidzwa miganhu pakati makirasi, madzinza, magariro masangano. Mukati dzidziso wenyika inopiwa husingaoneki vanhu. Munhu anoita somunhu rutsigiro. Sezvo pasina kunzwisisa yakasimba tsika, hapana ukama navo. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, ukoshi uye munhu akazvimiririra. Vatsvakurudzi Vazhinji vanodavira kuti nyaya mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro chaparadzwa. Kuti vararame, iye kana anofanira kuva mukana uye kubvuma nyika sezvazviri, kana kuti kuva munhu ane manzwiro chechetere. Kudzidza muchikwata ichi vazivi American vakaswedera pfungwa mibvunzo rusununguko. элемент конфликта власти и народа. Vanotsigira maonero kuti nyaya - icho chinhu yokurwisana pakati simba uye vanhu. Munhu ari kurwira rusununguko, kuedza kuchinja kana kuparadza nheyo nokusika zvitsva tsika. Individual chiripo vari kugara kwandakaita pasi akaramba kuchinja nyika. постоянно преобразуемая категория. Nokudaro, subjectivity - inongogara Kushandurwa muchikwata.

Common zviratidzo

Nyaya uzivi itsime ruzivo uye kuchinja chokwadi. Ndiye mutakuri nebasa kuita kutendeuka pachako uye vamwe vanhu. Nyaya - a RUBATSIRO RUNOTARISA, chinangwa-marongero, vakasununguka uye Virtual munhu, muchinzwisisa, asi haana kungogumira, nyika yakatipoteredza. Zvinonzi munyaya muuzivi rwemberi. The kupima yokutanga kuitwa yechinangwa zvinopesana chinhu. для описания общего уровня организации социума. Ukuwo aongorora subjectivity zvinhu kutsanangura maonero pamwero mumagariro sangano. Tsanangudzo kwouzivi unoonekwa somunhu reflexivo nokuzviremekedza kuziva somunhu vasiri pasi rine commonality nezvimwe nhengo ibudirire senhengo vanhu. Subjectivity - hwaro zvinoitwa wacho. Kuberekwa, haana chinhu unhu. Nokufamba ayo kukura, munhu anova nyaya kana achipinda ezvinhu evanhu mukukurukurirana.

Psychological sainzi

Analysis pakati subjectivity kunogona kuitwa kwakavakirwa nhoroondo pfungwa kudzidza semhosva "pasi". Sezvazvakanyorwa anomira wacho kana boka seinokonzera kutsvakurudza uye kuchinja chokwadi. Rubenstein pachena yokuti nyaya sechinhu muchikwata kwouzivi kureva chinhu yokusafa tsime webasa evanhu (maererano Hegel). In basa rake chakabatsira kupa methodological yokusvika pakuvaka munzvimbo. Zvikurukuru, kuchitanga kuongorora kuti "basa" uye rinopera chete yokuti matambudziko nyaya yacho. Panguva iyoyowo vakashora Rubinstein kufunga ukama Mapato aya sezvo evasingatombonamati kwokunze chinoshamisa. Kubasa, akaona mamiriro ezvinhu pakagadzwa kwaizotevera kwemashoko yacho. Munhu haana chete vatendeuki chinhu maererano chinangwa wayo, asi ariwo ari kugona siyana kuita izvozvo. Izvi anoshandura pachake, uye chinhu.

dzimwe nzira

Maererano Leontiev, zvakakodzera kutaura nezvazvo, akaona mu zvinonyatsorehwa basa ukama hwavo pachavo. Akacherechedza kuti sezvo chinokosha dambudziko mupfungwa tsvakurudzo ndiwo Kuongorora kusangana kwacho, kuti kunyorerana basa munhu. Somugumisiro, mabasa akasiyana-siyana kunoita kuzivikanwa. Uyewo, ongororo yayo zvinoda chaizvo nzira. Zvikurukuru, zvinokosha kuongorora chinangwa basa yacho, yairevererwa dzinotsanagura pfungwa, unobva nomumwe basa mumwe. Brushlinskii akataura kuti mukufamba kukura muupenyu wacho kuwedzera nzvimbo anopiwa nokuzviuraya-zivo, kuzvidzora-dzidzo. Saizvozvowo, zvainyanya kukosheswa vari munyika ezvinhu, varehwa kubudikidza Kufurirwa nevamwe.

mamiriro

Pfungwa yakanga akagadzira pedyo Rubinstein methodological hwaro nokudzidza subjectivity. Akanga concretized pachikoro chake sayenzi. Pfungwa munhu ndivo munyori, mutungamiriri uye mutambi muupenyu hwake. Mumwe nomumwe ane pachake nhoroondo yacho. Anozviita woga kuburikidza nokuchinja pachayo. Pfungwa chinotarisa vachishingaira rokuchinja basa rayo kuzviitira ehupfumi. A yakafanana nzvimbo iri Yakimanskaya. Zvinoratidza kuti nyaya - iri yakatengwa, zvinoberekwa pfuma. Zvisinei, izvozvo rinotsigirwa nezvinoitwa kuitika basa wacho. Saka crystallizes potencies mudzidzi.

tsvakurudza Petrovsky

Mabasa ake itsva chimiro chomunhu zvaitwa nemutoo. Munhu anokunda zvipingamupinyi dzavo dzinongoitika uye magariro zvausingakwanisi. Munyori anoramba kurwisa chikuru maonero munhu sechinhu adaptive vari rusununguko chinangwa uye kuvavarira kuti. Pfungwa chinorehwa nemashoko Petrovski, rave yekudyidzana uongorore zvakare chirongwa paumbwe wacho zvivako, uye kutaura mashoko ayo samoaktivnosti. Unhu dzaitaurwa muchimiro kuzvipira dzichiri hurongwa. Ari muchadenga ayo basa rinosanganisira zvimwe vanhu pokutakura napo ane kuenderera akakwana uye kumiririrwa. The Conceptual muenzaniso paumbwe subjectivity musayendisiti yakabatana nguva tichishingaira asiri adaptive, uye kufungisisa yaro vamwe. Peter akakwanisa kuratidza kuti kubereka uye kuberekana pacharo anoumba rimwe kunzwisisa andinenge basa. The rakapotsa kuchinja vakadzoka airatidza subjectivity munhu akasununguka, RUBATSIRO RUNOTARISA. Musimboti parudzi pacharo Petrovsky anoona kuvapo sezvo vakadaro mune ramangwana, kudzokera roga pakabudiswa pachavo nemiganhu dzavo.

Chii chinosiyanisa vanhu subjectivity kuti subjectivity?

The kuderedza pakati pfungwa inotungamirwa nomumwe unhu okupedzisira emakore remakore rechi20, akanga amira pedyo dudziro itsva. The sainzi wava akasimbisa "Chiitiko kuti subjectivity." Rakanga anounzwa rinokosha kuvimbika. Raisanganisira anoratidza Zvivako wacho sezvo nyaya ukama kusvikira nyika chinangwa maonero, kukurukurirana uye ruzivo. Muzviitiko zvose apo vanyori vanoshandisa muchikwata chiri mubvunzo, zvinorevei imwe quality, mumwe kukwanisa womunhu wacho kuzadziswa zvimwe zviito zvounhu. Subjectivity, akavapindurawo, kunoonekwa sechinhu nomazviri aro Implementation. Hahugoni akaziva tisina mukana. Subjectivity anogona kuvapo pasina subjectivity. Somuenzaniso, izvi ndozvazvakaita, pasina kuverenga mazwi ayo apo voter unoisa gupa pamberi zita munhu pavaidira kana Muvaki anosaina chibvumirano.