Soviet ballerina Messerer Sulamith

Upenyu hwakajeka hweSulamith Messerer akarwisa nehupfumi hwehwo uye kutaura. Bheroerina akazoita mubasa racho, aigona kuona tarenda yake mune pedagogical sphere, akashongedza ballet yenyika uye panguva imwechete akararama nechishuvo chakanaka nekufuridzirwa. Kana pane mienzaniso yehupenyu hwakakwana, ipapo Messerer Sulamith muenzaniso wakanaka, unhu hune huwandu hwezvakazara, mutambo uye kubudirira kukuru.

Mhuri isinganzwisisiki yemhizha wemazino

Musi waAugust 27, 1908 mumhuri huru yemuongorori wemazino muMoscow, musikana akaberekwa, iyo maererano netsika yemhuri yainzi zita rekare rebhaibheri reSulamith. Mhuri yaMeseri yaiva yakasiyana zvikuru, pasinei nebasa reprosaic rakakwana, musoro wayo waifarira zvikuru unyanzvi, hwaive hunofadza zvikuru uye hwaiendesa kunzwa uku kune vana vake vose. Akanga ari akanyanyisa, achitaura mumitauro minomwe yekune dzimwe nyika, aiva neshamwari nevamiririri vakawanda vekusika uye vezvesayenzi veMoscow, somuenzaniso, pamwe naProfesa Zhirmunsky uye munyori mukurumbira weSirota. Mikhail Borisovich pachake akanga asinawo kubvisa tarenda, asi yakangowanikwa mumitambo yeimba.

Vana vaMesserer vakasarudza mabasa avo ekusika. Mwanakomana waAzaria akava mutungamiriri wemitambo, gare gare akatungamira Theatre. Ermolova. Mwanasikana Rachel akazova muimbi wemitambo, Elizabeth - mutambi wenhepfenyuro mu Studio studio Zavadsky, mwanakomana Emmanuel - muimbi. Asi chido chikuru chemhuri uye kubudirira kwaiva yebhokisi. Messerer Sr. aifarira zvikuru yemitambo yacho, zvisinei, hama yaSulamith Asaf, uyo akakwanisa kuratidza chido chake chekutamba kune hanzvadzi yake, akazova chiyemura chikuru chekudhika kwevhidhiyo uye naizvozvo akazvipira kuguma kwake. Asaf akadzidza muchikoro chekunyora uye akazova munyori weBolshoi Theatre. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, Sulamith aisagona kupukunyuka mifananidzo, kunyanya sezvo data yake chaiyo yaiva yakanaka.

Urwere hwemangwana yemberi

Makore okutanga eSulamith Messerer vakafara kwazvo. Mhuri huru, yaive nevana gumi, pfuma, yekusika-mamiriro ezvinhu - izvi zvose zvaiva nemigumisiro ine zvibereko pamusikana. Panguva imwecheteyo, akanga ane chimiro chakajeka uye kuzvidzora kubva paudiki, uye izvi zvaive zvakagara naye nokusingaperi.

Kushamwaridzana kwemhuri muhupenyu hwose yeSulamith ichave yakakosha zvikuru, nguva dzose akayeuka kufara kwehucheche hwake, izvo zvaive zvekuyeuchidza kweparadhiso. Baba namai vakafananidzira zvidzidzo zvaro zveunhu hwakanaka. Akaona baba vake sababa, uye amai vake vakava muenzaniso wekushinga uye kusazvipira.

Kuumbwa kwebhoraerina

Mhuri yemhuri Messererov akapfuura uye Sulamith. Nokudaro, akatumirwa kuchikoro chekutsvakurudza pazera remakore gumi nemaviri, akakurumidza kuendeswa kukirasi yechitatu nekuda kwezvaakaona zvakasikwa dhesi. Akatova mumakore ekudzidza akavaratidza unhu hwake "hunhu": kunyanya kushingaira nekutsungirira, kunyange kumwana waaigona kutora maawa akawanda. Vadzidzisi vakaratidza kusvetuka kwake kwakasimba uye kunetseka kunotyisa. Akaitika kuti adzidze kubva kune masters makuru e ballet: V. Tikhomirova, E. P. Gerdt, V. Mosolov. Yakanga iri muchikoro zvakajeka kuti Sulamith Messerer - mutambo unoshamisa. Izvi zvakasimbisa kukokwa kune boka reBolshoi Theatre pakarepo mushure mokunge vapedza kudzidza, muna 1926.

Basa rakanaka redhiki

Achisvika kuBolshoi Theatre, Sulamith Messerer akakurumidza kuva munyori. Kwaiye, Igor Moiseev akaita sendimu "Three Fat Men" inobva pachiitiko cheY. Olesha, maaikwanisa kuratidzira unhu hwake hwekutamba kwakanakisisa: svetuka, kutenderera, mutsa, unhu. Gare gare pakanga pane zvakawanda zvekutanga uye nhanho, saka akapenya mumitambo "Red Poppy", "Don Quixote", "The Nutcracker", "Vain Precaution", "Bright Stream", "Scarlet Sails". Mumapoka ose anoratidza unhu hwake uye anotamba mitambo yakasiyana-siyana. Basa rake rakawedzera mukurongeka, akakwanisa kuenda kune dzimwe nyika, iye ndiye wekutanga weSoviet ballerinas kuwana chibvumirano chekune imwe nyika, akatamba kuna Stalin, akapiwa Stalin Prize. Mumiririri anosiya basa romutambi muna 1950, asi haapindirani ne ballet.

Pedagogical career

Paakanga achiri murongo, Sulamith akatanga kudzidzisa mukirasi ye ballet. Uye mushure mekupera kwebasa rake, vatambi vakakurudzirwa kugara muBolshoi sechireographer-mudzidzisi uye mudzidzisi. Akashandawo muchikoro che ballet. Nzira yake yekudzidzisa yakanga yakasiyana, haana kumbobvisa vadzidzi uye aigona kusunungura musikana anonyara. Kwemakore anenge makumi matatu ekudzidzisa basa Messerer akadzidza vazhinji vanoita dancers, vakashanda nesimba mukugadzirwa kwemitambo yeBolshoi Theatre. Iye, sekugara nguva dzose muupenyu, akazvipa pamusana pechido nekutsaurira.

Upenyu sekumhanya

Pakupera kwema70s, Guru yakagadzirisa mamiriro ezvinhu akaoma, asingatambudziki kuMesherer, achiedza kuunza kune zvido zvekuda, kumanikidzirwa kuzadzisa zvimwe zvaidiwa. Sulamith Mikhailovna, uyo asina kumbobvumira kubvumidzwa kwekusununguka kwake, panguva ino anogamuchira mvumo yekushanda muJapan. Muna 1980, USSR inopinda hondo muAfghanistan, nguva dzakaoma dzinotanga, uye Messerer pamwe nemwanakomana wake vanosarudza kusadzokera kunyika yekwavo. Kwemakore anoverengeka ivo vave vachishanda muJapane, chaizvoizvo, vari kuumba chikoro chenyika yeb ballet, iyo nhasi ichiri kuramba ichiwana mukurumbira, zvichienderana nezvikonzero zvakaiswa naM Messers. Sezvo vazadzisa chibvumirano muJapane, mai nemwanakomana vanoenda kuU.S., saka vanoita basa ravo rokusika nekudzidzisa, iro rakavapa zvibvumirano nezvikoro zvakanakisisa zvebhokisi munyika. Asi vakawana nzvimbo yavo muboka reRoyal London Ballet, uko Sulamith Mikhailovna akashanda kwemakore akawanda.

Kufuridzira pasi rose

Messerer Sulamith, ane chinyorwa chiri mune imwe nyanzvi yekunyora mabhuku, yakasiya chiratidzo chinoshamisa muzvinyorwa zvenyika. Haana kungova mutambi mukuru, asi akaunzawo garaxy yose yevakadzi vechikadzi avo vakatora nzvimbo dzakakurumbira munzvimbo dzakawanda dzemitambo yenyika. Mukirasi yake muLondon vakataura nevatambi vakakurumbira: Rudolf Nureyev, Sylvie Guillem, Natalia Makarova, Darcy Bassel, Antoinette Sibley. Mukuwedzera, akasimudza mwanakomana wake Mikhail, uyo akazova mudzidzisi wepamusoro (akashanda kwemakore akawanda muCovent Garden) uye mukurumbira wekudza ballet uyo, kubva muna 2009, akatungamirira Mikhailovsky Theatre muSt. Petersburg. Iye anozivikanwa pamitambo yakadzorerwa, kunyanya, akadzokera ku repertoire yeBolshoi Theatre Asaf Messerer "Chikoro-kambani".

Uye zvechokwadi, zita rokuti Messerer Sulamith rinogara rakanyorwa mubhuku renyika ye ballet nekuda kwekuti iye akakwidziridza mutambi wepanguva yakawanda, Maya Plisetskaya.

Sulamith Messerer naMaya Plisetskaya

Ukama hwemhuri hwakagara huchikosha zvikuru kuna Messers, hama nehanzvadzi dzakaramba dzichishamwaridzana. Asi zvinosuruvarisa, haasi munhu wese ane hupenyu hwakanaka saAsaf naSulamith. Nokudaro, hanzvadzi yavo Rakeri akatambura nematambudziko: kutanga kupfura murume wake Mikhail Plisetskogo, uye ipapo iye pachake akatumirwa kumusasa. Vana vaRakeri vakaendeswa kuna Asaf naSulamith. Saka mumhuri yebhola ballerina yakaonekwa musikana akaremara, waakabereka semwanasikana wake, achimupa zvakanakisisa izvo amai vangapa - basa. Sulamith Mikhaylovna akacherechedza mumusikana uyu maitiro ekuda kwechisikirwo, akamupa kuchikoro che ballet uye iye pachake kwemakore akawanda aiva mudzidzisi wake. Ndiyo iye akaisa dhanzi rakakurumbira "The Swan Dying" kumusikana ane makore 14, uyo akazova kadhi yePlisetskaya. Sulamith Mihalovna aigara achitaura norudo pamusoro pomudzidzi wake uye aifara kuti akakwanisa kuramba achiita mhuri yavo. Plisetskaya naMesserer vaisamboonana, nokuti vaigara munyika dzakasiyana, asi kubatana kwavo hakuna kumbobvhiringidzika.

Unhu sehupenyu

Kana pane basa rakaoma uye rine utsinye munyika, zvino iyi ibhota. Mumiririri aikwanisa kuzvizviona munyika ino yakaoma nekuda kweuchenjeri hwake uye unhu hwake. Upenyu hwake hwose akaratidza rusununguko uye chido. Akazvipira pachake kune rimwe bhizimisi nemwoyo wake wose. Messerer akataura zvakanaka mumitauro 5, akadzinga motokari nokukurumidza sekuzvarwa kwake kwemakore makumi manomwe, uye akapedza upenyu hwake hwose kushambira. Muhuduku hwake iye akatova nechisarudzo chakakomba pakati pemitambo yebasa uye ballet. Achiona rimwe chete pamhenderekedzo mugadziri anoshambira, akafadzwa zvikuru nekufamba kwake kwakanyatsogadzirisa zvokuti akasarudza pane zvose zvinodzidza kuti adzidze kufamba nenzira imwecheteyo. Anosvika padziva uye kwegore anowana musoro weUSSR musikana wokunyorera pamamita anenge mamita 100. Asi zvakadaro akasarudza chisarudzo mukuda kwebhokisi, kunyange zvazvo aigara achienda kudziva hwose hupenyu hwake.

Kunyangwe nevarume, anosarudza murume webasa risina kujairika - akanga ari moto uye mutyairi wengarairi, muvambi weSoviet school of figure-acrobatic yokufambisa pamadziro. Grigory Emmanuilovich Levitin akava baba vemwanakomana wega weSulamith - Michael.

Hunhu hwake hwakaratidzwa pachavo kwete pasheji chete, akarwisana mabasa nekuchiva, akamudzivirira kururamisira kwake, vanhu vemazuva ano vanozvifananidza nechokuputika kwakagadzirira kuputika chero nguva.

Paanenge apedza makore 90, Messerer akanga achiri kutora mashomanana kubva paikwanisi pamatambo, zvichiratidza kuti akanga achiri kukwana zvakakwana. Sulamith Mikhailovna anoyeuka zuva rekuberekwa kwemazuva makumi mapfumbamwe nemaviri kuLondon, apo Queen rakamupa zita reMukadzi weBritain Empire. Anoramba kuenda kuJapan, achishungurudza achiziva kuti ndege yacho yakava yakaoma kutakura.

Mazuva aMesserer Sulamith akapera muna 2004, pakarepo. Pasinei nezera rake rakanaka, akanga azere nesimba, simba uye zvirongwa kusvika pakuguma kwemazuva ake.