Ndekupi iyo white-backed albatross inogara mumasikirwo? Tsanangudzo nemifananidzo yeshiri

I-white-backed albatross (mufananidzo icharatidzwa munyaya yacho) igungwa guru gungwa. Izvowo ndiyo yakakura yealbatross iri kuchamhembe kwehemisphere. Zvisikwa izvi zvakanaka zvinosanganiswa mune zvakarongwa shiri dzinobhururuka zvakakura , nokuti mapapiro emapapiro awo anopfuura kupfuura mamita 2.2. Zita rokuti "albatross" rakabva kuArabic al-cadous, iro rinoshandurwa rinoreva "diver". Kare kare, Karl Liney pachake akapa shiri idzi zita rechiLatini zita rinonzi Diomedea mukuremekedza Diomedes, akasimba uye akashinga gamba rechiGiriki chekare. Iyi yaiva tsanangudzo chaiyo, sezvo shiri yacho yakazara zvakakwana nayo.

Albatross yakatsigirwa: tsanangudzo

IAlbatross inoratidzika yakanaka kwazvo. Nyeredzi dzinobhururuka dzine mavara machena, pamutsipa uye mumusoro pane kuputika kwemajena, mapapiro makuru pamusoro pemapapiro aya-madonhwe-mutsvuku, mutsara wemuswe uriwo mutsvuku.

Iyo muromo inenge yakareba kwenguva refu kupfuura musoro, yakamanikidzwa gare gare, yakakwirira, chiedza. Pakarepo munhu anogona kuona kuti ine simba sei. Muchidimbu purashu tubhu dziri panheyo uye kumativi. Iyo inoguma nemagunwe eupraclavicular uye subclavian iyo yakaita sehokwe. Izvo zvakaumbwa kubva kune mahwendefa akazvimirira. Nadklavie ane simba zvikuru kupfuura chikamu chepasi.

Makumbo mafupi, mambure ari mesh, akaomeswa pamativi. Mwenje wekutanga wokutanga wakavanzwa neboka reganda. Ratidza chiedza, bhuruu kana pinki.

Ndizvo chete mhombwe dzichangobva kuberekwa dzakaputirwa nejasi rakadzika pasi, zvinyorwa zvavo uye muromo zvakasviba. Vachiri vaduku-nest chick chicks ne chokoleti-ruvara ruvara. Mune shiri shiri, kuunganidza kunosviba kudarika vanhu vakuru, kuchena kwepachena kumativi ose mapapiro. Muromo wacho uri muto wakajeka une bhuruu yebhuruu, makumbo ari beige bluu.

Moulting

Kuchinja kwehupfeko uye nekuenzanisa kwe molting albatross hazvisati zvajekeswa. Inongozivikanwa chete kuti ma-white-backed albatross molts zvachose kamwe pagore mushure megore rinokura. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti moulting shiri dzinopinda muzhizha. Inotora nguva refu, mumwedzi mitatu yezhizha.

White-winged albatross: kugara, zvakawanda

Pakanga pane nguva apo albatross yakachena-backed yakaonekwa munzvimbo dzePacific mune zvakawanda zvisingaverengeki, vanhu vavo vakaverengwa mamirioni. Asi nekuda kweminhenga yakaisvonaka , shiri dzakaparadzwa pasina mimwe mitemo. Somuenzaniso, pakutanga kwezana remakore rechimakumi maviri, shiri dzinodarika mazana matatu dzakaparadzwa gore negore. Izvi zvakatungamirira kukuti muna 1930 nhamba yavo yakaderera kusvika mazana evanhu.

Muna 1949, yakaziviswa zvepamutemo kuti mhuka idzi dzakanga dzafa. Asi gore rimwe gare gare pachitsuwa cheTorishima, kune mufaro mukuru, boka duku revarume vatsvuku-vakanaka kwazvo vakawanikwa, mhuri yakatanga kuberekwa patsva nemhuri gumi chete iyo yaionekwa seyekupedzisira panyika. Akavaponesa kubva pakuguma kwekupedzisira ndeyekuti vanokwanisa kupedza pagungwa kusvika makore gumi, mushure mokunge vadzokera kudendere. Saka vakomana ava vaduku vakadzokera kumba vakawana kuti vose vakuru vehama dzavo vakanga vaparadzwa.

Iyi ndiyo nzira yekudzorerwa kwechiverengero chevafambi vegungwa vakatanga. Iye zvino vanhu vanovatarisira, iko zvino vatove vakachengetedzwa ne-white-backed albatross. Bhuku ReRussia reRussia "rinoisa" pamapeji aro sezvipenyu zviri pasi pekutyisidzika kwekuparara.

Mumazuva edu kune maviri emakoloni, umo maine shiri dzinenge 250. Vanogara kumaodzanyemba kunzvimbo dzekuchamhembe uye dzinotyisa zvePacific Ocean. Nyuchi dzinowanikwa chete pazvitsuwa zveBonin uye Wake.

Lifestyle

I-white-backed albatross inofamba zvakanaka uye inoshambirawo zvakare, asi haipindi. Hupenyu hwose hwehupenyu hunoenda pamvura uye mumhepo, chete panguva yekuberekwa ivo vanomanikidzwa kuti varambe vari munharaunda. Kubhururuka kwavo kwakanaka, kukura, kwenguva refu uye nekukurumidza. Munguva yekufamba, mapapiro anoita mutsara wakarurama nemuviri, makumbo anowanirana uye anotariswa zvakare.

Chinofadza ndechokuti kubva pasi, kunyange nekutorwa, albatross haigoni kufamba. Kuti aite izvi, anofanirwa kuwana gomo, rimwe dombo, uye kubva ipapo, achimhanya pasi, enda zvakanaka kuenda kumhanya. Asi vanogona kubhururuka kubva pamusoro pemvura pasina matambudziko. Ichokwadi, vanozviita kubva pakubviswa. Iyo shiri, inofamba nokukurumidza nemakumbo ayo, inomhanya pamvura, ichivhara mutsipa uye ichibvarura mapapiro ake akazaruka kusvikira asvimha pamvura.

Nzira yakashanda yehupenyu dze shiri idzi dzemhuka zvinogona kutungamirira zvose masikati neusiku, kunyanya panguva yekufamba. I-white-backed albatross inonyanya kuchenjerera kupfuura imwe yehama dzake, kazhinji haasviki kune zvikepe. Paanenge achifamba-famba, anoita semunhu ari oga, asi kana pane zvokudya zvakakwana, shiri 10-20 dzinogona kuungana munzvimbo imwe. Ivo vari pane kunyarara, munokwanisa kunzwa cackling yavo pavanenge vachidyisa zvikuku panzvimbo dzekugara. Uye, zvechokwadi, munguva dzekukakavadzana uye kurwisana nekuda kwemigodhi, ma-albinos anoita mheremhere yakafanana nekurira kwembongoro.

Power supply

A white albatross kuti adye kudya kwemvura. Zvokudya zvinongotora chete kubva kumusoro, kusambozvizaira shure kwazvo uye kwete kubata pamhiri. Kuwana zvokudya kunogona masikati neusiku.

Muzvokudya zveAlbatross zvinosanganisira squid, zviduku, mashove, zviduku zvishoma. Uyewo shiri idzi huru hadzizvidzi kudya zvokudya kubva pakupfuura zvikepe. Apo mudziyo unoputika uri kupfuura, mutambo wose unotanga nevarume vakachena-vakatsigira varume vakanaka.

Kubereka

IAlbatross yerinopera inosvika pakukura kwepabonde pazera remakore 7-8. Anosvika panzvimbo dzekuvata muna October. Kubva kune ivhu rakanyoroveswa nemvura, yakasanganiswa neuswa uye massi, shiri dzinogadzirwa nemhondoro muvhu rechinhu. Mukadzi wacho anongova nevha imwe chete, iyo inobatanidzwa kwemazuva 64-65 pamwe chete nevabereki vose.

MunaDecember-January, chick inowanikwa kubva muzai. Zvakare, baba naamai vanochengeta mwana wavo pamwechete. Yakaidya nezvokudya zvekare. Zvokudya zvehafu yakagadzikana zvinopinda mumhino yehuku yekuku pamwe chete nemafuta ekudya. Pakupera kwaMay nguva yechick inoguma. Mhando mbiri dzakabatana dzakabatana dzinofunga basa rake kuti rirambe richienderera mberi uye rakadzoserwa kugungwa. Hazvisi pasina kuti vafambisi vezvikepe vanoshevedzwa kuti vaparidzi vasingagumi.