Siyana - zviri ... History chitarisiko uye zvinoreva

Cosmopolitanism inonzi dzematongerwe, izvo anoona vanhu pasi pose, zvisinei dzinza ravo, nyika kana kuva imwe nhangemutange. In kushandura chaiwo kubva muchiGiriki siyana - iri "mugari wenyika." Uyewo, dzidziso iyi dzimwe mhirikiro, zvichienderana political wezwi, nguva. Vamwe vavo anopikisana, asi funga mumwe ariega.

Siyana - zvaka ...

Maererano duramazwi Brockhaus uye Efron, siyana - munhu inovaka pfungwa Nyika Yababa pamusoro yose Earth. Zvinonzi inobva hana kubatana kwevanhu vose uye kubatana zviri zvinodiwa nomumwe nyika uye vanhu sezvo zvikamu chete rwevanhu. Wrong kushora dzidziso uchiratidza kuzvipira kunyika. dzematongerwe Izvi hazvirevi siya rudo vanhu yake uye nyika. Nemamwe mashoko, siyana - ndiwo uyo voruzhinji zvakanaka ndiye netepimezha kuti kuyera uye unoenderana zvinofarirwa vanhu vose. Muenzaniso unoshamisa ndiyo dzidziso chitendero chechiKristu.

Encyclopedia rinotaura zvinotevera tsanangudzo pfungwa: siyana - uyu ndiye munhu anoramba National uye nehurumende uchangamire, anoramba National netsika nhaka, tsika, uye uchiratidza kuzvipira kunyika. TSB anodana ichi dzematongerwe uye Bourgeois kuita. Maererano kududzirwa duramazwi rokutanga sayenzi munzanga, cosmopolitanism - imwe nedzidziso dzechiKomonisiti uye dzidziso unoruramisa kuramba netsika zvevanhu vavo. Siyana - ndiye anoramba nyora voga muzita kubatana vose dzevanhu vanhu.

The ano tsananguro

Iye zvino, vakawanda vaibvuma kududzirwa zvinotevera: a siyana - yakazvimirira uye makasunungurwa kubva simba uye vavariro duku-guta vanhu chokuita ne kunzwisisa chero predilections uye zvaunofarira nevamwe, richipa anonyanya kuremekedza munhu, kwete nyika kana miganhu utongi. Siyana mu mutemo dzakawanda - munhu asingadi kubvuma rwedzinza, enyika, National uye dzimwe ropafadzo zvakafanana. Vanotsigira dzidziso iyi zvisingagamuchirwi kunyadziswa, kushungurudzwa uye kukanganisa kodzero ganda ruvara (bvudzi, meso), chitendero, pfungwa kana mumuviri urema, zvinovadadira kana zvavanotenda, zvatinoda (kana vari, Chokwadi, hazvina zvazvinoita wakakomba vamwe), tsika uye mabasa aunofarira. murume kwakadaro unotsvaira ari zvisingachashandi tsika, asi zvinotora pamusoro itsva, zvikuru mberi uye vakasununguka, apo kwete kumanikidza zvavanofunga. Zvikurukuru, cosmopolitanism richiratidzwa muvanhu vane tsika dzakasiyana kana raidudzwa nyaya kuzvitsaura kubva chenhaka kuchembera.

Neo-Nazism uye cosmopolitanism

Zvisinei, pane chikamu vanotsigira dzidziso iyi - ngwizhingwi cosmopolitans. vanhu ava kutimanikidza maonero avo vari kumbonyanya zvechisimba netsika kune vaya, avo maonero, insufficiently yakabudirira, riri pasi pokudzora tsika yenyika, pfungwa statehood uye rudzi dzidziso. Havadi pave kuisa, asi zvakasimba akadzivirira pfungwa renunciation vose zvisingachashandi, mu pfungwa dzavo. Zvazvakadaro, pfungwa "kumanikidzwa siyana" haako. Saka rinowanzoshandiswa, uye kutsiva pamwe pfungwa "chiNazi Nazism".

Chimwe chimiro cosmopolitanism ndiyo Kudyidzana rezvedzidzo pfuma uye basa. Kunosanganisirawo kuwana mashoko wose chero kupi zvako munyika, isina pekugara uye kufamba, mubatanidzwa nyika.

Nyaya cosmopolitanism

Tanga kuratidzwa ichi muitiro unogona kuonekwa non-chisimba pamwe dzavo, marudzi uye nharaunda. Izvi zvakaitwa pachishandiswa chitendero, zvoupfumi, nenzvimbo, pfungwa unhu vapone mumamiriro ezvinhu outsinye kunze nyika. Yaiva mhando pokushorwa rinonyengera chimiro ushe, inoti uye umambo. Wokutanga chaiye, akazivisa pachake siyana, aiva Diogenes. Iye pfungwa yokupararira zvido pamusoro hurumende. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti ichi vakabatsira kuti kuderera maguta echiGiriki kuti akatungamirira negation dzokusimukira pfungwa parochial uchiratidza kuzvipira kunyika. Vanhu anonzwisiswa sevagari muguta, pamwe kurasikirwa tsika uye rusununguko maguta nomumwe vakatanga kureva pachavo sevagari venyika. dzematongerwe Izvi kugadzirwa nevaStoiki, asi kare vakataura Vatsoropodzi (zvakafanana Diogenes). In vechiStoiki Uzivi siyana - mugari wenyika nehurumende yenyika yose.

Real chaihwo kuratidzwa cosmopolitanism raiva Pope zvesangano zvematongerwo enyika, uyewo pfungwa pakusika zvakasikwa umambo. Kunyange zvazvo zvakanga kure kukwana. Uyewo ari Age of Kujekerwa uye Renaissance, dzematongerwe ichi akatungamirirwa pamusoro putswa feudalism uye pave rusununguko wacho. Siyana (zvinoreva) Rinoshandiswa sezita pfungwa kubva muzana remakore rechi18.

Uchiratidza kuzvipira kunyika uye Cosmopolitanism

Vamwe vateveri dzidziso iyi vanoramba uchiratidza kuzvipira kunyika kurutivi nyika, dzichiritsiva navo akafanana panyaya yose. The chikuru Pfungwa sirogani - ndiwo kubatana kwevanhu vose. Maererano cosmopolitans, panguva ino, vanhu vakapinda chehupenyu inotungamirwa zvokufonongonwa yemapuraneti budiriro. Kuisa kodzero uye zvinodiwa nomumwe pamusoro mamiriro, cosmopolitans havadyidzani pfungwa yokumusha pamwe ehurumende nheyo kana utongi enyika. Maererano nedzidziso dzechiKomonisiti ichi, hurumende ive midziyo simba vamushumire uye kudzivirira zvido vemo, uye kwete vakutarisire. Nemamwe mashoko, vanhu munhu akapiwa nyika havafaniri kuva kubayira chinhu nokuda ehurumende zvido.

rootless siyana

Uyu ndiye murume akafirwa nyika yavo, kazhinji haana dzavo yesarudzo. Kokutanga mashoko mumagwaro 40s remakore rapfuura. Takashandisa nayo kuchitendero vakadzidza, avo vakaratidza "Anti-nyika pfungwa", maererano utungamiriri USSR.