Shetland pony: tsanangudzo yemarudzi, zviitiko zvekutarisira uye kubereka. Bhiza duku

Kwemazuva akawanda mahara mabhiza apedza kubata basa rinokosha muupenyu hwevanhu, semakore zana apfuura apfuura. Matori anesimba uye mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzekurima dzakasimuka dzakashanda nevashandi vane mavara mana. Kunyange zvakadaro, vane nzvimbo mune izvozvi, dzimwe dzinza hadzina kurasikirwa nekuzivikanwa kwavo. Izvi zvinosanganisira pony Shetland. Ichi ndicho chimwe chezvizvarwa zvakasiyana-siyana munyika. Inowanzove muEurope, Asia, Africa, Australia, uye America.

Pony

Pony inoreva ma subspecies edzimba yebhazi. Mukushandura kubva kuGalician ponaidh - bhiza duku. Chimwe chikamu chema subspecies chikamu chiduku. Munyika dzakasiyana, "chiduku" chinoreva zvakasiyana:

• MuRussia, mapasoni anosanganisira mabhiza akareba sa 110 cm;
• MuGermany - kusvika ku 120 cm;
• MuEngland - 147.3 cm;
• Kumadokero, inosanganisira vanhu avo kukura kwavo hakupfuuri 152 cm.

Kuvhiringidzika muzvifananidzo hakudzivisi "donuts" kubva pakusara kwepamusoro wekududzirwa. Umwe neumwe anosarudza bhiza maererano nezvinodiwa. Mumwe munhu anoda zvishoma, sechipfuwo - chete che "kutsvoda," uye mumwe munhu anoronga kukwikwidza mumakwikwi.

Kubva

Chikamu cheShetland chinoparadzanisa North Sea uye Atlantic Ocean. Iyi ndiyo yenyika yekuchamhembe yeBritish Isles. Nzvimbo dzemahombekombe dzine 117 zvikepe uye zvitsuwa, makumi maviri chete chete mairi anogarwa. Yakasviba, makomo asina miti, yakaoma mamiriro okunze, zvinyoro zvishoma, masango, dampness, mhepo inoramba ichingogara - saka iwe unogona kutsanangura nzvimbo ye "kuberekwa" kwechizvarwa chinonzi "Shetland pony".

Mharidzo yakarurama yakakwana pamusoro pezvakabva pakarudzi ikoko. Vakatanga kuwanikwa muna 500 BC. Maererano nevasayendisiti, izvi zvinokwanisika zvizvarwa zve "tundra" pony. Vangadai vauya kuScotland kubva kuScandinavia makore zviuru gumi apfuura.

Maererano nedzimwe shanduro, kubva kare apo mazana e-I-IV mazana emaponi akauyiswa kuzvitsuwa naPyts (vagari vekare kare veScotland). Panguva iyoyo ndima yacho yakanga yakazara nemasango, yakanyangarika zvachose muzana remakore rechigumi nematanhatu nekuda kwekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, mishoma mhuka dzakapukunyuka: makwai, minda mitsva, hedgehogs uye Shetland poni. Kukura, kutsungirira, simba rebumbiro remitemo - pazvikonzero zvakadaro raiva kusarudzwa kwemazana emakore. Isolation yakasimudzira kubereka kwechizvarwa che "chiri mariri". Kuedza kuunza muzvikwata zvemahara chaiwo hazvina kubudirira.

Tsanangudzo

Pony Shetland (inotsanangurwa pasi apa) ine chitarisiko chinoratidzika chinofanana nemotokari huru mune zviduku. Mumwe munhu anomiririra anofanirwa kunge ane unhu hunotevera:

• Kureba paunopera - 65-110 cm;
• Kurema - kusvika ku 200 kg;
• Bumbiro remitemo rakasimba;
• Musoro muduku, wakaenzana,
• Bhudzi rakapetwa;
• Nhoroondo yacho yakananga, concave kana hump-nosed (zvose hazvina kunaka);
• Maziso makuru, akapararira zvakanyanya ("ziso reziso" harina kunaka, rinogona kuva rakasiyana nemirau);
• Muromo muduku;
• Nhunzi dzakafara;
• Nzeve dzakanyatsoiswa, zviduku;
• Neck muscular, ine zvibereko zvakakura;
• Torso yakafara;
• Chifuva chakanyatsogadzirwa, chakafara, chakadzika;
• Dumbu rinoputika, rakaoma;
• Mushure mutsva, shoma, muscular;
• Croup zvakananga;
• Mitsipa yakaoma, yakasimba, pfupi:

- mberi: pasina mitemo, yakanyatsogadziriswa, uye yakagadzirwa nekarpalp joint;

- kumashure: zvakanyatsogadzirwa ("O" - uye "X" -mapuranga akabatanidzwa haana kufanira), chidimbu chakajeka chinonzi hock, chitubu chakanaka, chakaoma;

• Hooves - yakakomberedza maitiro, ine runyanga rukuru rungagona (sekutonga, mhuka haisvuti);
• Chifukidzo chemvere - chidziro chakakomberedzwa, bvudzi refu;
• Miswe uye mane-zvakanaka;
• Suit - yakasiyana-siyana, kazhinji piebald (purebred kunyanya yakasviba);
• Upenyu huripo ndeye makore makumi matatu nemakumi mana, uye zvinyorwa zvakanyorwa ndeye makore makumi matanhatu.

Kuberekwa hakusi kwakasiyana nemabhiza chaiwo. Pamusana pehukuru hwemahedheni, zvinokurudzirwa kuva nechiremba wezvokurapa nezvebasa. Mumwechete kana vaviri vana vanoberekwa. Kusarudzwa kwemhuka kunoitwa nekucherechedza mitemo yekuzadza zvipfuwo zvekurima. Shetland pony - bhiza rakasimba chaizvo, maererano nekurema, vanokwanisa kutakura mitoro kaviri zvakakura sehama dzavo dzakakura.

Zviratidzo

Mhuka dzezera iri dzine maitiro avo pachavo:

• Kurarama hupenyu hukuru;
• Unhu hune ushingi uye hwakazvimirira;
• Iva nepfungwa dzakananga nouchenjeri;
• Unobvumira kukudzidziswa (miitiro yakaipa inobatawo phiri);
• Rungaratidza kuoma;
• Yakasimba kwazvo;
• Inowanzotadzisa kuneta;
• Kazhinji kune vanhu vane maziso ezvepuruu (kare vainzi mabhanhire mabhena);
• Usasiyana nehanho guru uye kufamba kwakanaka;
• Vanove nenguvo yakaoma, misi mirefu uye manes;
• Kusarudzwa kwekushanda unhu, pasina kufungisisa zvimwe zviitiko zvakapiwa zvigadzirwa zvakasiyana-siyana mumarudzi.

Kunyange zvazvo mwana wacho ari muduku uye anotaridzika sechitamba chinoputika, vadzidzisi vasina ruzivo vanoita chikanganiso chikuru, kuparadza zvipfuwo. Munhu mukuru asina kutongerwa makore matatu ane pony akayera makirogiramu mazana maviri uye kukwirira apo kukwira kumhanho kusvika kumamita 2 kuchava dambudziko. Kuvimbika kwezvidzidzo kunofanira kuvapo. Zvakakosha kudana kuteerera kwakakwana uye kusingabvumirwi mune zvimwe zviito pane chikamu chemunhu (kuchenesa bhiza kana kuchenesa danda).

Chimwe chinyorwa-kutasva pasi pechirasi. Bhiza maduku rakapoteredza kumativi rakanyanya zvokuti hazvibviri kuramba riri pairi. Zvakaitika kune vashandi vemabhiza vanotanga kutumidza vaduku vari mumotokari. Akajaira kuteerera chiitiko uye izwi mirairo ye pony (inenge mwedzi), nyarara pasi pasi.

Kubereka

Pasinei nokufarirwa kukuru uye kudiwa kwemabhiza maduku, nyaya yehutsanana hwemhuka kwemakore mazhinji yakanga isiri yezvido zvevadzidzisi vemabhiza. Hapana akabatanidzwa mukuberekwa Shetland pony. Kubereka nekusarudzwa kwakakodzera kwakatanga chete muna 1870. Mumwe mudikanwi wemabhiza Ishe Londonderry pachiwi cheBressay (Shetland archipelago) akaisa purazi rekudzidzira kubereka piponi. Nyanzvi dzakaronga chisarudzo chakanyanyisa pakugadzirisa zvinhu zvinowanikwa uye nekunze kwemhando yemabhiza.

Sangano rakasikwa rekuberekwa kweShetland ponies rakapa muvhesi yekutanga yebhuku rinochera revakagadziri vemiti ye Londonderry. Kunyange zvazvo kambani yakavhara muna 1899 nemhaka yekuderera kwekudiwa kwepasoni, mabhizimisi mazhinji emazuva ano achiri nevakashambadziri vemazvirimwa mumiti yavo pedigree.

Kusvikira muzana remakore rechigumi nemapfumbamwe, kubereka kwaiitwa "kwakachena" pasina kuwedzerwa ropa rekunze. Chido chekushandisa pidhoni sekukwira mabhiza chakaisa varimi vemabhiza mubasa rekuwedzera kukura kwemhuka. Mugumisiro webasa iri kuonekwa kwezviverengero zvakasiyana-siyana, kana vana:

• Semburgskoe. Pakati pezana remakore remakore paPenberg peninsula uye kumaodzanyemba kweIsle yeManland, mabheti aya eShetland akafukidzwa nemabhiza ezviNorway fjord. Ukureba pahuni hwemwana hwakasvika 130 cm.
• Fitlar. Kushandiswa kwemuitiro wekubereka kuberekwa neArabian inonzi stallion (akanga ari wedzinza reBallvar rinoshamisa). Mvura inonzi crossbreeds yakakura kusvika 120 cm.
• American Shetland. Vakatorwa pamusana pekuyambuka mazai okutanga eShetland nemashiriyoni emarudzi eHakne, uye nekuderedzwa kweropa reArabia uye zvigaro zvepamusoro . Kureba kunosvava kusvika 130 cm.

Kupindira kwakadaro kwevanhu kwakakonzera kuparadzaniswa kwemarudzi acho muzvikwata zviviri:

• "A", kana kuti chimiro chekutanga (chikuru), chinosanganisira mhuka kusvika pa10 cm;
• "B", kana ennobled rudzi, - mhuka kubva pa10 kusvika ku20 cm painooma.

Kuguma kwepfumbamwe-kutanga kwezana remakore rechi20 kwakaratidzwa nekutengeserana kwemasiponi kunyika dzose dzenyika. Zvipfuwo kunze kweUnited States dzimwe nguva zvinopfuura nhamba yemabhiza munyika yekare.

Zviri mukati

Kusasara kwemvura, mapuranga, yakaoma, yakasvibirira zvokudya, mvura yakachena, kurovedza muviri kwezuva nezuva-zvakadai zvezvinhu zvebhiza Shetland pony. Kuchengetedza hakudi mamiriro ezvinhu akajeka. Pane zvakasiyana, mabhiza haazviremekedze, ane simba, anogona kunge ari pamafuro zvakanyanya. Bvudzi rakanyorova mumamiriro ezvinhu ekuchengetedzwa kwakagadzikana kutemwa. Unhu hwakanaka hwemhuka hunoita kuti zvikwanise kuchengeta mhuka mbiri mune imwe dare (3 m ne 4 m).

Zvichida, chikonzero chekudya chikafu kana kudyara uswa, oats dzimwe nguva zvinokonzera kugadzirisa. Yakacheneswa sekusvibiswa, nehutano hwakasimba - zuva nezuva. Kazhinji phosoni haifaniri kuumbwa. Zvokurapa zvipfuwo zvakafanana nemabhiza evanhu vose.

Shandisa

Shetland pony inowanzoshandiswa mumutambo wekudyidzana, uye kwete muvana chete. Muna 1960, kuRoman Olympics, Little Model yakaitwa mujaji, uye muMexico muna 1968 Muchengeti akatora sirivha mukukwira. Kukura kwemabhiza maviri kwaive mukati me 145 cm.

Poni dzinowanzotora maitiro emasikisi maitiro, anoshandiswa mukukwira zvikoro, dzimba. Vakawanda vemhuka vanoda kuvatungamirira semhuka. Pfungwa dzakanaka uye kugadzirisa kwakanaka kwevana vanovabvumira kushanda sevatungamiri vemapofu. MuHolland, kusvikira nhasi, vashandi vashoma havana kusiya uye vari kukura minda yemichero nekubatsira kwavo.