Sergey Pavlovich Dyagilev: Biography, mapikicha, upenyu pachake, zvinonakidza zvinhu

Sergey Pavlovich Dyagilev (1872-1929) - akakurumbira yemitambo uye uri mushandi weRussia. Aiva mutsoropodzi uye muvambi magazini "World of Art". Iye mubasa sangano "Russian Nemwaka 'muFrance, kureva muParis. Sergey Pavlovich Dyagilev vawana unyanzvi vakawanda vanozivikanwa choreographers. Anenge zvose ake upenyu hwokuzvipira kuna kusimudzira Russian Ballet muWestern Europe.

Biography

Sergey Pavlovich Dyagilev akaberekerwa mumhuri anokudzwa March 31 (karenda Julian 19 March) 1872. Baba - Pavel Pavlovich Diaghilev - mukuru. Ndiyo nzvimbo yechizvarirwo pamusoro Novgorod Province, zvinoti nzvimbo Selishche. Dyagilev Sergey Pavlovich, ane upenyu pachake hwagara pfungwa, yakura tisina mai. Panguva basa mai Diaghilev akafa.

Uduku uye Family

Rusty Sergei Pavlovich aiva vokurera. Zvisinei, iye akaitira naye chete rudo vana vake. Mafungiro Izvi zvakakonzera kuti yomukoma wake rufu raiva dambudziko nokuda Diaghilev. Ichi chaiva chikonzero kuti Sergei Pavlovich haana kutsvaka kudzokera kumisha yavo.

Baba hakusi nhaka wamambo. Akashumira sezvo Horse Guards. Zvisinei, zvikwereti akawanda vakamumanikidza kurega muchiuto uye kutamira kurarama Perm. Panguva iyoyo, guta ainzi munyika dzokumaruwa. imba mhuri rava nechepakati muupenyu Perm. rakakombwa ipapo nevanhu vaida kushanyira Imba Diaghilev. Kazhinji, mhuri akapedza usiku iro vakaimba vaenzi. The wechiduku Sergey Pavlovich Dyagilev vakatorawo mumhanzi zvidzidzo. Chaizvoizvo, akakwanisa kuwana dzidzo yakanaka uye yakakura chaizvo. Shure jaya vakadzoka St. Petersburg, akanga asina kutomboderera kune vakadzidza vaigara ikoko. Sergey Pavlovich Dyagilev akanga zvikuru kuverenga, chii akashamisa vakawanda vezera rake.

youth

Dzokera guru tsika Russia, Diaghilev akakwanisa muna 1890. Sergey Pavlovich aiva rinonyengera kwazvo pakuonekwa. Akatarisa sokuti mumaruwa, aiva husky akavaka. Pasinei neizvi, zvinoita akadzidziswa chaizvo, zvakanaka-verenga, uye nyore kutaura mumitauro inoverengeka. Izvi zvose akabvumira kuti aenderane nyore kupinda upenyu kuyunivhesiti, apo akatanga kudzidzisa. Akadzidziswa muSt Petersburg panguva weVadzidzisi Vedare.

Kugona zvinokosha mutemo uye jurisprudence, mudzidzi akafarirawo yemitambo uye mumhanzi mabasa. Sergey Pavlovich Dyagilev, ane Biography akapfuma chaizvo, akatanga kutora piyano zvidzidzo, uyewo kuzopinda kirasi panguva Conservatory. Boys akatangawo kunyora nziyo uye akadzidza nhoroondo romubati zvekunyanyisa.

The rwokutanga Europe, Diaghilev, Sergei Pavlovich akaita panguva mazororo. The Jaya aida kuwana kudanwa kwake uye zvoupenyu kwebasa. Panguva iyoyo akatanga kuita shamwari dzakawanda vanhu vakakurumbira.

girajuwesheni

Sezvo Diaghilev akanga chaizvo chipo pachisikigo, akakwanisa makore mana zvakaitika kosi yokudzidza-gore matanhatu. Mumakore aya akatanga kuona kuti ndinofanira kuva nechokwadi kuita chinhu muupenyu. Pasinei anobudirira okuguma University, Dyagilev Sergey Pavlovich, ane pachake upenyu zvichiratidza zvakakwana, kuziva chokwadi kuti hazvina kunotoreva kuva gweta. More uye zvakawanda rwunotanga kunyura ari unyanzvi. Nokukurumidza anoita chisarudzo akasiya chiratidzo yose Russian tsika. Anotanga kusimudzira unyanzvi.

basa

Sergey Pavlovich Dyagilev, zvinonakidza zvinhu iyo upenyu ichatikurudzira zhinji wokunwa paruzhinji mabasa. Kazhinji, unogona kukamurwa akawanda nhengo. Danho rokutanga upenyu hwake chokuita paumbwe sangano "Nyika Art". It akaonekwa 1898, uye yave chokuita nezvimwe nenhamba. Muna 1899 - 1904 Makore akashanda se mupepeti pavanoparidza Benoît mumagazini inonzi chete.

Akagamuchira mari kubva mikuru vanoyamura, uye mumwe nguva Akatsigira yayo Nicholas II.

Dyagilev Sergey Pavlovich, mumwe Biography pfupi usingabereki kupa ruzivo zvizere pamusoro hwake, akanga ari initiator vanoverengeka kuratidzira. Mumwe nomumwe wavo yave vakarongeka pane chemhando chechetere.

Mitsara pamusoro Repin uye basa iri "Yearbook of Imperial Theaters"

Pane imwe nguva muupenyu, Diaghilev akasarudza kusika munhu monograph pamusoro yakakurumbira Artist. zvakanga nokukurumidza kunyorwa basa Repin, uyo zvaanofunga, aiva pedyo "World of Art", pane kuti vadzungairi. Panguva iyoyo, hapana mubvunzo kuti pakanga pasina chipo Repin pikicha chaizvoizvo mifananidzo. Zvisinei, vakawanda havana kuona kuti the artist zvishoma nezvishoma akatanga anoratidza munhu, kushandisa panguva nzira. tarenda rake Akatoshamisika kufanotaura Diaghilev, kuti yave vaudzewo ne nguva.

The Zviremera akaona kuti Sergey Pavlovich Dyagilev, mufananidzo izvo akapa munyaya, zviri chaizvoizvo izere simba. Nokuda ichi munguva kubvira 1899 kusvika 1901, akagadzwa mupepeti wemagazini "Yearbook of Imperial Theaters." Zvisinei, sezvo vanhu vakawanda vanoziva, Diaghilev aiva hunhu chairwo, aigara akadzivirira pfungwa yake maonero, kazhinji makatsamwisa zvinonyadzisa. Pashure mumwe Hottest kusawirirana Sergey Pavlovich akanga vanogumurwa uye akarasikirwa nomukana kushanda pachena masangano. Akatsigira Diaghilev Nicholas II, uyo akakumbira Munyori Taneyev kuti vagomuendesa basa rake.

zvirongwa zvitsva

The chirongwa, iyo Diaghilev mubasa okupedzisira makore gumi, hauchafambi kutifadza naye. Inotevera yenguva anopedza mumugwagwa maguta Russia, iyo rinoongorora uye anounganidza zvinhu art. Pavo anosarudza kuti vazviise muverengi Russian. Nokukurumidza iye anotanga kutaura nyaya kune vanofarira, uyewo kunyora kudzokorora Levitsky okugadzira zvinhu. Apo the artist aizivikanwa vanhu vashoma chaizvo. Yaiva Diaghilev akazarura ruzhinji tarenda Levitsky. Nokuti ichi akanga nominated nokuda mubairo Uvarova.

Next, akasarudza kuronga pashoo, izvo zvichaita showcase basa Artists kubvira 1705 kusvika 1905. Kuti kuungana kuunganidza emifananidzo aifanira kuenda maguta ose vazhinji Russia. Akakwanisa kuunganidza zviuru zvitanhatu mabasa. Uyewo Sergey Pavlovich aida kunyora nhoroondo uri kubvira XVIII remakore. Asi kuzadzisa zano iri rakanga rakundikana. Kuunganidza mifananidzo, Diaghilev akakwanisa zvikuru zuchit mufananidzo nguva.

Zvinosuruvarisa kuti kwenguva refu pashoo haisati hwaponeswa. Pamusoro Payakapera, pakaitwa kamuri yaiva dzinounzwa kuti mapikicha, uye vakanga vakatondeswa kuenda kudzokera vanyori vavo. Vazhinji mabasa aya vakaparadzwa panguva Revolution.

Kukunda Europe

nokukurumidza Diaghilev vakatanga kuziva kuti akanga aita zvose zvaaigona Russia. Pano akaronga wokutanga magazini unyanzvi, asi akanga asingakwanisi kuramba kugadzirwa kwayo. Zvisinei, izvozvo hazvina kushanda kuti Diaghilev rokusika pamba National Museum, uyewo haana kunge chinozoiswa dzimwe pfungwa dzinonakidza pamusoro Russian kutamba uye dhanzi.

Muna 1906 akaenda kukunda Europe, vakarongwa muParis, zvekuratidza "Russian Art". Zvichitevera vakanga kuratidzira nenyanzvi Russian muna Venice, Berlin uye Monte Carlo.

kuratidzwa izvi vava hwomukova "Mwaka Russian". Diaghilev kazhinji vanotaurwa kuti mutsinga yake runoyerera ropa Peter I. The inoshanda kuti Diaghilev, Sergei Pavlovich, vaiva chinzvimbo chaizvo uye itsva. Somuenzaniso, iye akakwanisa chokubatanidza unyanzvi, mumhanzi uye kuita zviri kuratidzirana kutamba. Yaiva Diaghilev akadzidzisa French kuhurukuro Russian kutamba. Pamusana kwaari, zvakanakisisa zvikoro kutamba vaiona nayo Russian. Uyezve, Diaghilev vakauya munyika unyanzvi wandei mazita matsva. Akaona itsva kutamba penya vachitamba - Vatslava Nizhinskogo, Leonida Myasina, uye vamwe. Ndiye akazova muvambi munhurume kutamba kutamba. Chii akatungamirira Diaghilev, Sergei Pavlovich? Dzidziso kuti yava okusika simba kuti spodvigla edza pamusoro pachake pfungwa vakashinga. Diaghilev aiva ngochani. Akada vakadzi, vanoyemurwa, akadzidza basa yevanondida dzavo.

climb

Pakuonekwa uye mabasa Diaghilev mu European tsika zvakaitika nezvishoma. Danho rokutanga raiva kwemasimba mifananidzo kubudikidza vemifananidzo Russian, uyewo mifananidzo. Nokufamba kwenguva, zvakatanga kuonekwa pakukurukurirana, kuburikidza iro akakwanisa kuronga pamwero mukuru konzati wokuRussia mumhanzi.

Zvadaro, akatanga kukwezva yakakurumbira zvesimba ose vachitamba Russian, uye mune rimwe gore nehafu anouya chisarudzo kuumba pachako boka rako.

Mazita Kuonekwa kuti kunobvumirwa Diaghilev yakarova. shanu symphonic zvesimba, vakanga vakatakura kunze kutora chikamu vakadai vemifananidzo nomukurumbira sezvo Chaliapin, Rachmaninov yakarongwa 1907. Gore rakatevera chakatsaurwa kuratidza kuti operas Russian. It akanunura akakurumbira "Boris Godunov", uye muna 1909 France akaona "The Maid pamusoro muPskov". Veruzhinji French akafara zvesimba, vanenge vose vateereri vakanga vachichema uye kuridza mhere.

Mushure kutamba zvesimba muna 1910, vakadzi vakawanda vakatanga mari kuita bvudzi, zvakafanana kune aiva vatambi panguva zvesimba.

Fashion kutamba

The kukurumbira hombe muEurope aiva ballets, iro sangano Diaghilev. The makumi matanhatu navasere ballets wawakaratidzwa kwemakore makumi maviri. Vamwe vavo vakapinda munyika Classics akadai "The Firebird." Sergei Pavlovich akakwanisa kuzarura nyika matarenda vatungamiriri anoverengeka.

Kare muna 1911, nhamba akakwanisa kuunganidza panguva troupe wakakurumbira zvikuru vachitamba of Moscow uye St. Petersburg. Pane imwe nguva akapinda zvesimba muUnited States. Nokukurumidza pashure World War First, uye nokukurumidza pashure 1917 chimurenga. kuchinja zvose izvi kwakatadzisa boka kudzokera kumusha, asi havana kuenda.

Zviitwa All zvinoitiswa Diaghilev, vakanga zvainanga kubudirira. Izvi zvakaitika zvikurukuru nokuti simba rayo. nyore Aikwanisa nyengerera, vagutsikane, undoraira shamwari dzavo nechido.

mumakore achangodarika

Mumazuva okupedzisira mumatanho upenyu zvishoma kufarira Diaghilev kutamba. New basa rake vakaunganidza. Zvikuru yakareba Sergei Pavlovich haana yokuzorora zvachose. Zvisinei, pane imwe nguva akanga akamira ari Monaco. Pano akatanga kuungana pamba mabasa chinokosha ounyanzvi, uyewo zvisingawanzoitiki siginicha yangu ndichipa vanhu, mabhuku, manyoro, uye zvichingodaro. Sergei Pavlovich akatanga kuva nezvinetso zvakakura mari, uyewo noukama ayo nomumwe anoda Nijinsky.

Akaedza kuchengeta ukama uyewo kugara maviri makore oupenyu paruzhinji.

Muna 1921 Diaghilev akaziva kuti akanga chirwere cheshuga. Zvisinei, chiremba varayirwa, uye haana kuchengeta zvokudya. Izvi akaparirwa kukura mamota. Zvakaguma hutachiwana rakapinza kuwedzera kupisa. Panguva iyoyo, akanga asati penicillin, saka chirwere raiva nengozi zvikuru. August 7, 1929 akanga chepfu ropa. Zvinotevera Mazuva haana kumuka kubva pamubhedha, uye usiku musi August 19, tembiricha yake akasimuka mana nerimwe inegumi. Diaghilev ndafenda uye akafa mambakwedza. Sergey Pavlovich akavigwa Venice.

Upenyu uye Fate Diaghilev vake kujairika. Nguva dzose vaimhanyira pakati chisarudzo, umo netsika charo - Russian kana European. NaDhatani kuedza kuti zvinenge zvose kuva vanobudirira, Diaghilev vakauya yakawanda purofiti, uyewo kuzivikanwa uye rudo kuvanhu. Basa raro riri mubvunzo chaizvo kufurirwa Russian kwete chete, asiwo kune tsika nyika yose.