Petrushka theatre nhoroondo uye unongotaura. chidzoyi-dzinoratidza

Zvinonzi vaidavira kuti nzvimbo yechizvarirwo hwemazuva chidzoyi yemitambo ndiye India uye Ancient China. Akazotevera democratic Ndiwe mhando iyi yave dzakanyorwa tarira vatambi, zvichida vechiGypsy, muGirisi yekare, uye kubva ipapo vakapararira Europe yose. Kana puppeteers akazviratidza munyika yedu, hazvina kuzivikanwa, asi Russian zvavo yemitambo Petrushka anenge matatu emakore, akanga akakurumbira kwazvo pakati vanhu vemazera ose uye makirasi.

prehistory

Vaongorori vanodavira kuti pane 3 mhando mu Russian chidzoyi yemitambo :

• chidzoyi, sezvamakaropafadzwa nezvidhori vakavhura kushandisa shinda;
• Petrushka theatre - pamwe inofananidza vatambi, puppeteer kuminyuka paminwe yake;
• yechiberekerwa chiitiko - yemitambo umo nezvidhori kwazvo richengetwe kusvikira tsvimbo uye kutama kuburikidza slits akaita mubhokisi chaiyo.

Zvapedzisira nzira yakanga yakakurumbira chete kumaodzanyemba dziri nyika uye kuSiberia, uye kusvikira rechi19 puppets remakore, nokuda kunzwisisa mabasa nemifananidzo, akashandiswa kashoma. Saka, kutaura pamusoro Russian pre-echimurenga chidzoyi inoratidza kazhinji vane pfungwa yemitambo Petrushka. Yakasvika zita rayo kubva huru hunhu unofara zvesimba, airidza mumigwagwa.

Who ndicho Parsley

zita remadunhurirwa rokuti ichi akamuka gurovhisi chidzoyi, yaiwanzonge akapfeka mune dzvuku hembe, mabhuruku omucheka uye twi chivharo pamwe muchekechera. Zviri achiri asina pachena zvachose nei chake kare kurerekera "dzisiri Russian" zvinhu. Zvikurukuru, ake musoro sevanonyanya guru uye maoko, mashava chiso, hombe maziso omuarumondi serin'i uye iri pachirauro mhino. Ungangove, Parsley chitarisiko kunobva pakuti yakanga vakasikwa nomufananidzo rokuItari Pulcinella.

Kana hunhu unhu, chinhu munyengeri uye munhu ano asingatendi kunyora chero mitemo.

Chitarisiko Petrushka

MuRussia, kuti tinotofanira chidzoyi pamwe wokumwe zvinhu uye ainzi Ivan Ratyutyu akazviratidza muzana remakore rechi17. Zvisinei, yainyanya kushandiswa uye zita rayo yokupedzisira, iye akapiwa makore 200 chete gare gare. Zviya, Parsley seanoti Petro (dzimwe nguva Petrovich) vhiniga.

Description of yemitambo vachiri Danho

Muzana remakore rechi17 kumifananidzo vakanga vachitamba pasina chidzitiro. More chaizvo, tsika yemitambo Petrushka aiti kunobatanidza mutambi mumwe chete kuti dzokubatanidza bhandi siketi. To mupendero kwake vasonanidza hoop kwavakafa waitova kuva puppeteer kuvanzwa yokunzvera maziso. Aigona kufamba ake vakasununguka uye vanomirira mifananidzo pamwe chikamu maviri evanhu. Panyaya iyi, kuti mutambi anenge nguva dzose aishanda tandem pamwe bearish mutungamiri uye akaita chigure mabasa.

Description of yemitambo mushure pezana remakore rechi19

Sezvo 1840s akatanga kushandiswa chidzitiro. Chaiva mapuranga vatatu, vakanga stapled uye akasungirirwa chintz. Iye akaisa pasi, uye iye akavanza puppeteer. Fanira chizenga, pasina iro zvakanga zvisingaiti kufungidzira yemitambo Petrushka, waiva dhiramu nenyere. Zvinoita touted vateereri, uye shure chidzitiro mutambi kutaura paruzhinji kuburikidza akazvitsaurira pembe. Munguva kuita, aikwanisa kumhanyira kunze vateereri sutu Parsley: munhu refu mhino uye dzvuku chivharo. Panyaya iyi, iyo nhengo mukuyi akava shamwari yake uye pamwe chete vakaita enyambo mifananidzo.

puppeteers

Theater Petrushka, nhoroondo usingagoni aizvinzwisisa, akanga sechinhu evasingatombonamati rume. The inzwi puppeteer raiva squeaky uye ruzha, uchishandisa chaiyo pembe, pembe, akaiswa mumba huro. Mukuwedzera, puppeteer akaedza kutaura zvakasimba chaizvo uye bhowa kuseka mumwe ari ake pachake chinosekesa.

runofarira

Plays Theater (Parsley ndiye wavo mukuru, asi kwete chete gamba) vaiva tsvarakadenga monotonous. Main yemisoro: mishonga uye kurovedzwa rechiuto, musangano nomwenga, vachitenga uye kuidzwa namabhiza. Zvinhu akatevera nomumwe imwe kuti. Ya chokupika kwaibva sei refu vateereri akapa nzeve dzavo ichi mumugwagwa unongotaura.

Zvinotora nzvimbo zvinotevera urongwa:

• Parsley anosarudza kutenga bhiza kubva yechiGypsy-profiteer. Iye refu mhindu nawo mutengesi. Zvadaro basa iri chichikusvota naye, uye iye paricharova ane wechigypsy ane kumhanya.
• Parsley anoedza vanokwira bhiza, asi iye nenzvimbo dzokurasira iye uye anoenda pashure Baryshnikov, vachisiya Crafty nhema achiri.
• Chiremba anouya. Anobvunza Petrushka pamusoro chirwere chake. Zvakaratidza kuti mukuwedzera zvirwere chiuru. Dr. Parsley uye kurwisana, nekuti murwere anoshevedza chiremba vasingazivi. Anonetsa hwaparadza zvokurapa truncheon mumusoro.
• Anozviratidza Quarterly uye anobvunza Parsley nei akauraya chiremba. Dodger anopindura kuti "akaipa wesayenzi wavo anoziva." Zvadaro, Parsley anorova tsvimbo Quarterly uye iye anouraya. Resorts imbwa. Parsley anotendeukira vateereri uye okumbira rubatsiro wake. Zvadaro anoedza cajole imbwa uye anovimbisa vamuriritira katsi nyama. Dog chinoshayikwa Petrusha mhino uye dzizvuzvurudze. In hurukuro iyi yapera, uye vateereri vakaparadzirwa.

"Petrushkina Wedding"

Dzimwe nguva, kazhinji munguva Carnival nemimwe mitambo, kuita pamusoro zvido ruzhinji aigona kuramba akatowanda. Zvadaro taitamba zviziviswe "Wedding Petrushka". Nyaya yake yakanga zvakakomba uye isina basa inongoita. Petrushka akauisa mwenga, izvo akaongorora nenzira dzakadai kana kwaiva bhiza. Pashure akabvuma kuroorwa mwenga akatanga kunyengetedza refu "chibayiro pachake" pamberi muchato. Kubva panguva iyi chokupika vaoni vava kuenda, dzirege vana. Varume yasara nechido ateerera tsvina majee Parsley.

Paivawo pachiitiko pamwe nomupristi kana mabharani. Zvisinei, nokuda kusenza zvikonzero zvakanga zvisiri chero akaunganidzwa, apo magwaro maonero pamwe Parsley yakanyorwa.

"Rufu"

Pakati vevatambi yacho yemitambo Petrushka aivawo mumwe kupfuura kwakavanzika, uyo akakunda mukuru hunhu. Waiva Rufu, iyo pashure yoku akatadza kuwirirana akabvisa Parsley. Zvisinei, gamba nokukurumidza vakamutswa kumwewo. Chokwadi ichi chaiva chikonzero chokuti vamwe vatsvakurudzi vakatanga kuwana kubatana pakati parsley uye vechihedheni, ayo anoramba akafa uye akararamazve nayo pano uye ikoko.

Moscow chidzoyi dzemitambo

Pamberi October Revolution kuti akaramba kushanda nemagariro masangano haripo, uye mabasa vakanga wakarongwa vemifananidzo vasina mumigwagwa kana mumatumba, kana vakanga vakokwa kupinda mudzimba kuitira kuti ivo vakagamuchira vaenzi. Yokutanga chaiyo chidzoyi dzemitambo muMoscow vakatanga mukutanga 1930s. The kupfuura nomukurumbira vavo akazova pakukura munyika. Theater ichi. Obraztsov. It riri kero: Ul. Sadovaya-Gravity, d. 3. Kunze kwaari, panguva inenge imwe nguva akazviratidza guru Moscow chidzoyi Theater, pakutanga raakasikira kusimudzira mabhuku vana. Iye akafamba kwakawanda nyika uye otaura vanoiona mabasa matsva nevanyori Soviet, rakanyorwa kunyanya kuchizvarwa chevechiduku.

Gare gare, kwaiva nedzimwe chidzoyi dzemitambo muMoscow: "albatross", "Firebird", "Leonard", "Chamber" uye vamwe. Mavari unogona kuona kwete chete zvesimba chevana, asiwo zvesimba, zvikuru rakagadzirirwa vakuru.

Chidzoyi Theater "Petrushka"

Kuti tichengetedze tsika Russian mumigwagwa zvesimba vana uye vakuru, Andrey Shavel uye painter Valentina Smirnova vakaronga chikwata chitsva okusika. Akadana Russian vanhu Theater "Petrushka" uye debuted muna 1989 muguta Frezino.

Theater inoronga mharidzo refu maminitsi 30 mumugwagwa uye edza kusatsauka kubva chinyakare mifananidzo pezviitiko farce.

The kwaita yemitambo "Petrushka" imhaka chido havaoni kwayo kuchengetedza zvakanakisisa zvaiva mumugwagwa nyandu nounyanzvi emakore akapfuura.

Mabasa vari airidza uye mumba. Muzviitiko zvakadaro, vaoni nezvevanakomana nhoroondo uye parsley uye Russian farcical mitambo. In basa rayo, vatambi vanoshandisa zvokushandisa, ndiyo chaiyo kopi sefa uye nezvidhori vaiva vavo vamutangira, kuvaraidza vateereri pamusoro makore 150-200 akapfuura mumigwagwa maguta Russian.

Zvino munoziva kuti paiva chidzoyi Russian zvavo yekutambira. Parsley uye nhasi vanofarira vana, saka kuva nechokwadi kuderedza kuti zvimwe kutamba sezvinoita buffoonery.