Chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo basa: tsananguro

Theater - iyo inogona kunzi ine seboka. Izvi chete uninitiated zvinoita kuti yemitambo iri kungogumira pachikuva uye vatambi, ari pairi. Kutaura zvazviri, noruzhinji payo anovanda yakawanda vanhu vane chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo basa zvakasiyana. Chii? Verenga pamusoro!

ounza

How kutanga chero kutemberi Melpomene? Kuyeuka kuti zvavanoisa Konstantina Stanislavskogo, mhinduro: "The yemitambo chinotanga hen'a!", Asi chokwadi zvose kunotanga ounza. Muupenyu hwezuva nezuva vanhu basa iri dzinonzi biletorami, asi mabasa avo kwete chete kuti aone matikiti.

Ushers gadzirira nzvimbo nokuda kutamba, vateereri akakwazisa, akagara navo panzvimbo uye anogona kunyange mazano pamusoro yemitambo yacho repertoire. Saka aphorism kuti yemitambo chinotanga hen'a, kwete chokwadi. By panzira, tsarist nguva dzakanga dzatangwa dzinokosha mitemo, izvo dzimwe dzemitambo achiri chipo nhasi: somuenzaniso, nechepasi, ari zvidyiro zvamabhiza nemapfekero denderedzwa, basa kwakaitwa varume vashandi, uye pamusoro weDanho vasikana rokutanga kushanda.

Vatambi uye Actresses

Chidzitiro rinobuda, chikuva vatambi kuoneka. Ivo - vanatenzi chaiwo shanduko. Kuti vatambi kutora mifananidzo vamwe vanhu vanogara zvachose zvakasikwa dzavo uye unhu. Achiita unyanzvi rakatangira muGirisi yekare. Pakutanga, izvi aiva chaizvo kuremekedzwa basa. Gare gare, munguva yeMiddle Ages, basa mutambi akazvidza - nokuti yemitambo kwave kuchizivikanwa nekuratidza nadhiabhorosi, uye vanhu vakanga chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo basa - kubva vateveri vake. Kudzorerazve mumaziso vanhu vasingagoni chete mummers muna Renaissance. Asi chimurenga chaiyo kwakaitika muna XX remakore - ipapo Stanislavsky aikunda tichiita hunhu pakuona vatambi.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo basa harisi wose: vatambi vanogona chete kuva vanhu rokusika, anokwanisa nemusoro uye tinobereka yakawanda mashoko. Zvakakosha kuchinja ose zuva kupinda hunhu hwake, vachiuya ayo chaizvoizvo nevoruzhinji. Perfect kuva zvose - inzwi uye intonation, uye kushandisa dzimwe nhengo dzomuviri. basa iri - kumwe mupfungwa kunzwisisa.

puppeteer

basa iri kunoratidzwa ndechokuti munhu asingadi kuenda muchimiro, iye Rinotarisira puppets, vataura kwavari. Zvakakosha kuti chidzoyi yemitambo mutambi aiva kuklovozhdeniya unyanzvi, chikuva kutaura, kuita unyanzvi, nokuimba.

Prompter

An farira theatre-goers vanoziva mhinduro yomubvunzo wokuti ndiani prompter. Nokuti vaya vasiri kujairana zvinoreva shoko, zvichava kufarira kuziva kuti French souffleur mutauro wokuRussia anogona kushandurwa kuti "prompter". Kureva basa iri yemitambo mushandi kuti anotevera mberi kudzidzira uye zvesimba. Uye, kana zvichikodzera, anopa mazano vatambi kugunun'una.

Kubasa prompter chakavanzirwa Fafitera retsono, saka kakawanda, vakawanda havana kumbofunga nezvokuti ndiani prompter, uye apo iye. Uye akagara murume uyu kana seri noruzhinji, kana suflorskoy dumba yaiva pakati yacho. dumba ichi padikidiki rinobuda, zvinotora muchimiro anoshongwa.

cheno Artist

Tenzi chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo transformations - makeup Artist. Inogona dzikava chikara yakanaka, ndiEzekieri! Kuti aite izvi, iye anoshandisa vakaita zvinhu mapepa (mustaches, wigs, nechapamusoro), gumoz - inokosha viscous guru kuti aigona deform kumeso. In basa rangu masikirwo Artist haagarimo nemisoro wakagadzirwa. Anoita wigs uye ndebvu.

kumurimi

Rounding kunze padariro nounhu kuti vatambi vari vanhu vakanga akaswedera basa inoita. Vanobatsira kusimbisa hunhu unhu, mamiriro ake. Chii chinhu chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo koshitomu? Ava mbatya, shangu, zvishongo uye heti. Nokuda kwemamwe mashoko pamusoro sei Costumes vanofanira kutarisa zvakasiyana eras, akatorwa kubva siyana zvinyorwa: mamiziyamu, mabhuku, mifananidzo, postcards.

mupendi

Basa suit kunotanga yokunyora nokudhirowa. Dzavo achiita Artist. Iye anogadzirira zvose rose dzinoratidza. Basa anokwanisa kuita zvinhu zvizhinji kwazvo theatre Artist. Ndiyewo akagadzira kwechikuva uye akaisa wakachenjera, uye mifananidzo. Zvinokoshawo panguva uye kushamwaridzana Kumutungamiriri wokuimba basa pamwe chete kunoita kuti zvinhu inoshandiswa pakutsigira pfungwa, zvayakataura. Panzira, ose yemitambo ane decoratively-nyepera chitoro. Pano anogadzirwa zvinhu zvinoshandiswa zvesimba. Kuti pave Kushongedza dzakasiyana-siyana nezvinhu: paperi-mache maché, huni, plaster, kanivhasi.

gaffer

Nokuti basa rake kubudiswa chiedza michina vanosangana gaffer. Light migumisiro panzvimbo vakashandisa kupfuura siyana. mhando mbiri huru - wakaiswa uye simba.

For simba dzinosanganisira:

• zipi;
• kuputika;
• moto;
• mvura;
• chando;
• kufambisa chitima.

Mira Migumisiro - ndiko:

• nyeredzi;
• mwedzi;
• mhute;
• murarabungu.

Nokuti zvose chiedza zvinokonzerwa gaffer kushandisa michina. A bvungapfunga inotengwa apo yakaoma chando kuburikidza inopisa hwemvura inopfuudzwa kuti evaporators.

impresario

Manager, impresario, mugadziri - zvose chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo basa izvi zvinogona kunzi shoko impresario. munhu uyu roja kana muridzi wacho private yemitambo. Sezvineiwo, chibvumirano wokutanga akapinda chete mutambi impresario, ndokukweverwazve kumusoro muna 1545! MuRussia, nyanzvi impresario akaonekwa chete XVIII remakore. mumiririri Chokutanga chaiva Johann German. Akanga asunungurwa muna 1671 chevaux Alexei Mikhailovich. 1679 kwakaratidzwa nokusvika muMoscow of impresario itsva - Splavskogo. A 1700-M iri rokukoka Peter I muna Russia akasvika Johann Kunsht.

Musoro troupe

basa kwesangano iri yemitambo kwave musoro troupe. munhu uyu anotora chikamu kuparadzira mabasa, pasi vaitaura pamusoro Kuronga troupe. Uyezve, zviri kuita pakuswedera akagadzira mapurani kudzidzira. Hazvina kubva munhu uyu zvinoenderana troupe yunifomu loading. Head anosarudza vatambi vatsva, anokoka vemifananidzo kubatanidzwa mune imwe-kure nezvinhu.

Theater Director

Basa theatre Director muchimiro yatinofanira vakajaira vazvione, paiva zvakawanda yechipiri yezana XIX remakore. Asi pfungwa mirayiridzo akazviratidza ipapa - muna 1742. NeDare yemitambo inorondedzera pfungwa rwevanhu, kuchazoratidzwa mukufamba mutambo. Izvi mushandi rokusika dzinobatanidza kuedza zvose vamwe - decorators uye vatambi, vanyori uye kuita-up vemifananidzo. Kuti tibatane zvose zvavanobata yemitambo, kuti vanzwe pfungwa mari mukumisa mweya. Nokuti chinangwa ichi, mutungamiriri anofanira kuva wepfungwa wakanaka, nepo nokukwanisa ushande navo.

Kumutungamiriri yemitambo - zvisiri nyore basa. Kuti vave umwe, unofanira kuva mafungiro, kukomba, kuverenga, njere uye mavambo. munhu uyu anodudzira mutambo - Chokwadi, maererano pezvaakaratidzwa, saka kuti kuridza siyana, kurudzira vaoni. Pane dzimwe chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo ounyanzvi hwokugadzira. Assistant mukuru anonzi mutungamiriri. Zvinonzi mubasa nezuva kudzidzira. Zvishoma mutoro mabasa anoita mutungamiriri mubatsiri.