Saur-guva: kare, shongwe, murwi, uye nzvimbo pamepu. ndimo Saur-muSheori?

Kwemazana emakore akawanda, kuti ngano, ngano, chevarwere nziyo uye ballads ari murwi Savur-Mohyla. Izvi chinyararire Monument yekare kuoneka hwake hunofadza uye zvinosuwisa zhinji. Noushingi uye ushingi vanhu navakachenjera kutsigira zvizvarwa zvenyika anotsanangurwa zvavo ballads. Saizvozvowo, nhasi handina kuziva kwayakanga akatora zita rayo. Vamwe vaongorori vanoti Saur - zita munhu, kudzivirira zvido vagari vemo, asi zvingadarowo, uye kwaiva Cossack. Izvi nharaunda iri Donetsk munzvimbo pachena yokurwiswa Tatars, uye harina akaitsausira Munyika War II. Today Saur-Tomb ari tsika uye nhoroondo Monument muUkraine.

Location murwi

Saur-Tomb mumwe kumusoro pfungwa iri Donets Ridge, zviri muruwa Donetsk mudunhu migodhi. Kukwirira murwi pamusoro pegungwa anenge 278 m. On pamusoro paro akanga akashongedzerwa Cossack romukova mazuva, ipapo kusimbisa Mius-mberi. The chirangaridzo kunzwisisa inovakwa panopera Hondo Yenyika II. Kazan Saur-Tomb ari vakasara chaitika pakati Donetsk kwaasingasvikiri. Kumboda inoitwa sandstone, mune dzimwe nzvimbo anooneka specks padombo sekristaro.

Saur-Tomb iri pachena, chiri nei zvinganzi kuonekwa ari chinhambwe kusvikira 40 m. Kubva pamusoro unogona kuona mirwi zvimbambaira, isingaperi inowanzorimwa, Amvrosievsky simende chirimwa. In kuine mamiriro okunze, murwi anogona kunzi Gungwa Azov, painenge 90? Km. Zvinozivikanwa kuti ari munharaunda ano Donetsk nharaunda vanhu vaigara II Millennium BC, nokuti iyi yakanga kusaswa pamusoro pedenga Saur-Graves. Madzinza zvitunha tsika akaita murwi kureba vanenge 4 M uye dhayamita anenge 32 mamita.

Zita murwi

Maererano nedzimwe nemishumo, "Saur" kana "zvakanaka" ane Turkic mavambo (kubva pashoko "Sauyr"), rinoshandurwa kuti "Prairie nokukwirira kumativi pamusoro." Boka vatsvakurudzi kurerekera kudavira kuti murwi ainzi pashure rudzi Sarmatians kana Savromats. Asi ngano akachengetedza ngano zhinji uye nziyo pamusoro murume Saur. Aiva vanhu mutsivi, Cossack, uyo akafa ava mumaoko Crimean Tatars, tichidzivirira vanhu vake muuranda.

The makarekare

Vanochera matongo murwi uye akawana kuvigwa, dating II chemakore BC. e., nguva chitunha tsika. Ndiani bedzi akanga asiri muzvikamu izvi. Sarmatians, vaSitiya, Khazars, Huns, vaBulgaria, Cumans, Pechenegs, eMongolia uye Tatars - zvose izvi vanhu pane imwe nguva kugara pamusoro munharaunda ano Donetsk nharaunda. nguva refu hapana akararama pano. The kunyarara eumambo steppes neapo kutyorwa makororo kuchema kwakadonhera varanda, gurusvusvu muArabhu, creaking zvitima kuti ngoro asi mapoka dzomusango. Yose yakati, vakamira isina kumbobatwa Savur-Mohyla. Apo iri nhasi shongwe, uko Cossacks vakaita chikwata, uye pachavo nyanzvi akapoteredza dzezvimwe rakashama. Zviri pano kuti chinonyanya weropa hondo Ukrainians uye Tatars.

Saur-Tomb munguva Great Patriotic War

Kwemakore maviri, nzvimbo yakapoteredza murwi wakaitwa pasi basa nokuda vokuGermany. Zvakanga pano kuti kubvira 1941 kusvika 1943 vakavaka wokutanga mutsetse okuchengetedza Mius-mberi. Iye Saur-guva vokuGermany vaiva chinokosha zvine urongwa kukosha. Pamusoro paro kwakavakirwa Observatory. On nemitenusirwa nomurwi German varwi vakaronga bunkers, pillboxes, Nakata vryli warrior cover pamwe firepower. Kudzivirira kukwirira raishandiswa mumaturi, murazvo-kukanda matangi, atirari zvidimbu.

Soviet Mauto watarisana nokuomerwa - Zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti kurwiswa mawere Nemikwidza, ukuwo vokuGermany vakakwanisa kushandisa vanyoro uye naizvozvo, rinoshandisa warrior motokari. Saur-Tomb of Donetsk kudunhu akatanga taramba August 28, 1943, dzvuku mureza akanga vachisimudza kune yepamusoro pausiku 29 musi August 30, asi Russian akatora kwokupedzisira kureba 31 chete August. The kubatwa raisanganisira 96 Guards kwepfuti Division, 295, 293, 291 pfuti echiShinto 34 Guards kwepfuti Division, 127 Division mugove. rubatsiro runokosha mauto akanga ubiquitous "Katyusha" uye chifukidziro "Ihlow". Kana kutora kukwira vakauraya vazhinji, varwi vakadzikama akashinga uye navatariri, vazhinji vavo paakanga afa vakanga paakavapa mirairo.

Wokutanga Monument

Pashure pakuguma hondo muna Saur-Sheori ine wokutanga chirangaridzo. It aiva 6-rutsoka reraimu Pyramid pamwe muromo nenyeredzi dzvuku. Vakakomba Monument akanga akanyatsokodzerwa masa cheni pachikuva, iro zvaiiswa vakasarira makona mushure pfuti nokurwa. Uyewo, kwaiva chinyorwa uchinyora mazita avo vakaurayiwa panguva kubatwa rakakwirira mapurisa nemasoja.

Chokurangaridza wechipiri

Muna 1960, ivo Union of Architects pakati Donetsk Region asarudza kuzivisa makwikwi itsva pamasikiro shongwe. 37 zvikwata okusika kubva ose RSFSR akapa vaitaura zvavo, yakanakisisa sarudzo akapa Kiev sangano. Nokuda Ukrainian ezvivako akawana mutsva, zvikuru yakanatswa chirangaridzo Savur-Mohyla. The Monument yakavakwa nemari miners akarasikirwa zvakaoma zvavo zvezuva nezuva. Mari Koshanda maguta pedyo Shakhtersk, Torez uye chando.

Grand Panovhurwa shongwe kwakaitika mumatsutso 1967. Vanopfuura 300,000 vanhu vakaungana kukudza kuyeuka varwi rawa. Kubva makona ose Soviet Union akauya pamwe chete chikamu Soviet Army, vamiririri masangano paruzhinji, mhare. Panguva iyoyo akatarira Saur-muSheori? Photo 60s akapukunyuka kusvikira nhasi. Pamusoro akamira ane 36-mutinhimira kongiri obelisk, mudungwe pamwe girenayiti. Inside payo, musangano vakaronga kamuri kubwinya remauto, iyo ine marangwanda mepu, mapepanhau nemabhuku akakodzera munguva yehondo, Portraits uye mapikicha vechikamu nekutora yakakwirira. Uyewo, yokumusoro kuona papuratifomu akasikwa.

Mujinga ari obelisk akaisa 9-mita chivezwa ane musoja achitarisa kumavirira uye compressed mune vanomutswa rworudyi ruoko muchina. A murwi Cape, apo Mapuriro vari anopapamisa nemhepo. The chivezwa chakagadzirwa kukandira simbi, muna 1975 pedo naye Akatungidza nokusingaperi womoto. The obelisk ingasvikwa nemitowo miviri. Mumwe avhenyu vakaisa mapiyona kubva pamusoro USSR, uye wechipiri - vamiririri gamba-maguta. Panzira murwi Koshanda akadyara nemipopirari uye maples. Chete avo vanomuka rakafara manera, akazaruka pakubwinya kwayo zvose Savur-Mohyla.

Nhoroondo Zviitiko zvinotyisa akachengetwa mana makuru chinjikira kurwa pylons. Mumwe nomumwe wavo vakazvitsaurira kuna revarwi imwe mhando: yacho atirari, vaifamba, avhiyesheni, tangi zvikwata. All matunhu reliefs uye zvinyorwa nziyo dzinobva zviitiko chaizvo. On the pylons havasi yakavhomorwa vemungano vatambi, uye masoja uye vatariri vehondo eSoviet. Mujinga Saur-Graves ndiye rezasi pakuongorora uriri, iyo inopa zvinoshamisa maonero yose chokurangaridza kunzwisisa. It akaisa akachengetedzwa kubva hondo atirari, akakurumbira "Katyusha", matangi mumaturi. At pamusoro murwi undeveloped helipad.

Mhemberero pedo Saur-Graves

Zvose vaviri pakutanga kubva Torez uye chando pashure zvomuchato kuenda murwi kukwira kumusoro, kuti kuisa maruva kuti shongwe, nokudaro kukudza kuyeuka varwi rawa. Munguva Soviet zvakanga pamusoro Saur-Tomb vechiduku vanhu vakapiwa matikiti Koshanda. Pedyo Monument chinoenda vazhinji vanhu kaviri pagore: pazuva Liberation pamusoro Donbass (8 September) uye Victory Day (May 9). Zvinosuruvarisa, rokuvaka, uyewo vakawanda kushanyira nomurwi ari zvikuru zvakakuvadza mararamiro ayo. Kana yapfuura inowanzorimwa vashoma vane munhenga, ikozvino akafukidza nemasora.

Saur-Tomb mu ngano

It richiripo ngano dzakawanda nezvekwakabva nomurwi. The inonyanya kufarirwa Nyaya Cossack Saur, kana Savka, uyo aiva Cossack patrol musoja post, vakanyatsoshongedzwa pamusoro nomurwi. Warriors dzinorasa bhazi Tatars uye vakanga vasina nguva kubatidza moto. Sentinel neshungu hafu moto uye vakadzokera shure, asi Saur anozombobuda kwezvakatipoteredza asingagoni, nokuti yaakanga akarasikirwa noupenyu hwake. The murwi pacharo vakava ipapo kukura, saka pandakadzosera Cossacks vakaona hanzvadzi yake pamusoro murwi. Ikoko vakamuviga, uye ngowani akaita zvakatowanda vertices.

In Ukrainian ngano akachengetedzawo yezvechitendero pamusoro muduku, akashinga murimi mudiki Saur. Ban zvisiri izvo mwenga wake, saka majaya vanhu vakaenda dondo kuva vanhu nomutsivi. First akabata nayo avatadzira. Saur akauraya Pan uye moto zita rake, ipapo vakapamba zvose vapfumi nokupa kure pfuma yavo varombo. Paakafa, gamba akavigwa pamusoro murwi.

Saur-Tomb - kare Monument muUkraine

Kwemazana emakore akawanda, pfungwa akaramba nomukurumbira murwi. Kwemakore, akava mutsva ngano uye zviitiko Savur-Mohyla. Pamepu zviri nyore kuwana, nomurwi riri pedyo nomusha Saurovka, pedyo netaundi Shakhtersk. Nhasi, chokurangaridza kunzwisisa, uyewo pachake Wevhu kudzivirirwa nomutemo. Kunozivikanwa Saur-Mogila yakazivisa shongwe akare uye ari umhare yakakura pakati kuUkraine vanhu.