Saharomer-vinomer: sei kushandisa? Mirayiridzo kushandiswa, nhando hydrometer

Vinomer (saharomer, hydrometer) chikamu chinokosha yokuedzwa uye kuyera midziyo yaishandiswa winemakers uye vabiki vacho. The mudziyo unowanzoonekwa rakagadzirwa rakanamwa regirazi chubhu uye akatakura wakakurisa nechepasi uye yakareba rakamanikana mugodhi. Anoshandiswa pamwe dzakakwirira, mutete humburumbira, akazadzwa mura. Kana achinyatsotaurira waini mudziyo magadzirirwo kunoita kuti kuyangarara vakananga ine magumo thickened, downwardly rinotungamirirwa. Zvairatidza vinomera akabvisa panzvimbo kunyorerana pamwero kunonoka padandemutande, pamwe nemvura pamusoro.

Ko munhu hydrometer here?

Kuti uwane mimwe arambe achirema, kureva. E. The reshiyo pamusoro arambe achirema kuti vanofanira kana waini kuti arambe achirema mvura, zvinofanira kushandiswa vinomer (saharomer) imba. How kushandisa mudziyo? The mudziyo anoyera mari dzinongoitika kweshuga yomuropa. Izvi zvinobvumira iwe kunyatsoongorora uye kuchinja yokuwana chinonwiwa maererano vakapiwa zvairatidza. Winemaker kunogonawo kutevera mberi kuvira uye, kana zvakakodzera, kuchinja pakarepo.

Chero munhu mubasa kugadzirwa kwewaini, anoziva kuti pane rakananga kuwirirana pakati uwandu shuga aripo mazambiringa (kana zvimwe michero uye michero), uye chikamu doro pakupera chinovira.

Sei ini kuva hydrometer?

Zvinangwa iyo yakashandiswa vinomer zvinotevera:

• kuyera dzakananga arambe achirema nemvura;
• kuramba Masvomhu yakarurama nokuda chakagadzirwa kuwedzera chikamu doro;
• kuyera mari rwokuzvarwa shuga chipo iri kunofanira kana waini;
• kuona zvinogona chikamu doro panguva kuwedzera shuga uye mbiriso;
• tinyatsonzwisisa mberi kuvira;
• Kutsunga muzana kutendeutsa doro panguva chinovira uchishandisa zvairatidza "pamberi" uye "pashure";
• kuziva nguva yokuguma kuvira, kana panguva ipi padanho chinofanira kumiswa.

How kushandisa vinomerom (kuraira kuti mutengi)

Kana iwe kutenga hydrometer zvinokosha kuteerera zvinotevera:

• chikero siyana (kunonyanyisa uye zvishoma) vanofanira kutevedza zvariri mamiriro ezvinhu. Standard chipimo chikuva musha winemakers ari kuwanda 0,990 kusvika 1,120. Somuenzaniso, kuti tisvike doro tigutsikane newaini 12%, unofanira kutanga chinovira ane chaicho kukomba 1,090.
• Nokuti vamwe zvinwiwa vaida vinomer? Sei kushandisa mudziyo, anorondedzerwa zvakabatanidzwa mirayiridzo.
• Vamwe hydrometers anogona kuyera yakananga giravhiti, asi vakawanda anoyera chikamu zvinogona doro uye shuga kugutsikana.
• Inofanira wainyatsotaura tembiricha panguva iyo calibrated vinomer sei kushandisa chaizvo arambe achirema kutendeuka payakavakirwa inobva tembiricha dzokuenzanisira (rakajairika calibration tembiricha iri +15 ° C).
• Ko kukura mudziyo saizi tambo humburumbira.
• Kana pane rwokudzivirira nyaya (hydrometers vatete).

zvakabudiswa

How kushandisa vinomerom-saharomerom? Mharidzo Mash yakadururirwa tambo humburumbira. Hydrometer zvinyoronyoro kutura kupinda mvura pamwe zvishomanana kutenderera inofamba. The ichiyangarara richanyura uye kuyangarara vachitova, kusvikira anomira pamukova ufanane mvura mvura arambe achirema.

The zvakawanda vinomer zvabuda, yakawanda shuga iri mharidzo. The zvakawanda mudziyo iri kunyudzwa, rezasi ari arambe achirema nemvura. Izvi zvingareva kuti shuga Panguva iyi Kutamiswa zvinenge zvakakwana kuti doro kana ari mharidzo kwazvo duku.

Kana achideredza hydrometer ari kudzidza humburumbira vanofanira kungwarira kuti chikwata asingadi yarova nechepasi uye havana anorovera.

How kushandisa vinomerom-saharomerom? kuyera Guide

Zvinotevera tiri vashoma matanho nyore kuchabatsira kutora kuverengwa pakati mudziyo:

• sterilized hydrometer, waini sampler ivhu uye kuyera humburumbira yavaibvisa metabisulfite kana zvimwe sterilizer zvakafanana;
• kuisa tambo mukombe pamusoro sandara penyika;
• sampler kutora nzwisa kunofanira kana waini, isina emadhaka kana particulate nyaya, sezvo izvi huchachinja kuverengwa;
• vazadze beaker ane zvakakwana yakawanda Urume kuti kuyangarara vakananga aigona vinomer (yemanyorero 80%);
• Nyatsoongorora kudzikisa hydrometer kupinda tambo humburumbira (panguva svetuka anofanira zvayaitenderera paguyo saka matema regai kuramba pasi ichiyangarara, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa uchapupu hwake);
• Iva nechokwadi kuti mudziyo asingadi kubata rusvingo tambo humburumbira uye floats pachena, tora kuverengwa iri pasi meniscus.

The meniscus - a munyonga inoumbwa rokumusoro pemvura nemvura uchikurukura nevamwe chinhu nesimba pamusoro pemvura makakatanwa. Zvairatidza anofanira kubviswa chose nokunyora nhamba rimwe kusvika kumatatu grade nzvimbo, uye havasi ichangobva nenhamba, nekuti mune ramangwana zvingangodaro kuti kuvhiringidzika.

Hydrometer, kudzidza humburumbira, uye zvimwe kushandiswa midziyo vanofanira nguva dzose kusukwa kwazvo.

Inofanira kuva tsika kunyora pasi zvose anoyera vinomer. How kushandisa uchapupu hwake, anorondedzerwa gare gare munyaya ino. Uyewo, iva nechokwadi panodikanwa kureva kwavari ramangwana.

mhando vinomerov

Kune mhando dzakawanda akasiyana hydrometer: vamwe pamwero mumwe chete, vamwe vaviri navatatu. miganhu matatu kuti vanoda winemaker ndeinotevera:

• chaicho nerukudzo;
• shuga gutsikana;
• zvinogona mugove doro.

arambe achirema chikero Kazhinji rinotanga uye rinopera 0.990 1,120. Nokuti mvura, mutengo wayo Zvisinei akaenzana mumwe, kana mudziyo floats mumvura, kwayo pamusoro anofanira uwirirane chiratidzo 1,000. Kana wokuparadza shuga, ipapo hydrometer achaita mifananidzo inokukurudzira kumusoro.

vamwe manotsi

User ongororo vari pachii zvakarurama kuyerwa uye Masvomhu tinongogara kaviri-ndakaongorora. Zvichida nokuti musha winemaking kuwana zvikuru zvakarurama chipimo hazvina kutsoropodza, asi tsika dzakanaka, kuburikidza izvo unogona kudzivisa kukwirira kana akanyanya yakaderera kwevari doro nokuda sizvo zvokuyera.

Somuenzaniso, 125 g shuga zvazvichanyungudutswa imwe fő mvura, achapa yakananga arambe achirema kuti 1,046.

Zvinhu kukanganisa kuverengwa

Kazhinji, matema kuti, carbon dioxide zvinoberekwa mbiriso simukai uye yokubudisa mudenga. Pakutanga chinovira, kana zvakawanda ndoga kwavo, vari vasiyana ichiyangarara uye kuyangarara simba vinomer. Kuishandisa iyi, mashoko ake akanga akarurama? Kana achinyatsotaurira imwe mvura User wongororo vanokurudzira hydrometer tenderera. Pashure pokupedza basa chinovira nguva Kazhinji matema hausisiri dambudziko.

Pane imwe nyaya, izvo kunorondedzerwa winemaker, uchishandisa vinomer musha. Sei kushandisa mudziyo kana mharidzo tembiricha rakasiyana kudziya calibration? Kazhinji, zviri akaenzana 20 ° C, asi nokuda chivimbo unofanira kuongorora mirayiridzo yacho mugadziri wacho. tembiricha yakakwirira kukonzera pasi-kuverengwa. Saka, nemhaka zvinofanira kugadziriswa.

Chinhu chinokosha achifurira sei kushandisa vinomerom-saharomerom, ndiyo kuvapo doro. arambe achirema Its ipfupi emvura, uye ichiyangarara iri pazasi. Nokuti hydrometer ine migumisiro kuti sezvo ichiyangarara anosimudza shuga, kuvapo izvi zviviri zvinoumba vari mhosva ane yakawiriranwa rokuchinja mumwe. The chikero zviyero padanho shuga iri chete yakarurama kusvikira pakutanga chinovira, apo pasina doro iri mvura haamo. Waini kuti yakaviriswa pakaoma, achava asina kunaka tsika pakafunuka.

Sezvineiwo, doro riri hydrometer riri oneka uye zvinogona kucherechedzwa muna vachiwana mashoko akarongeka Masvomhu inoshandiswa kuverenga doro tigutsikane uye residual chikamu shuga. Ndipo pane mukana kushandisa chaiyo arambe achirema - waini yakaoma zviri pazasi 0.999, izvo zvinogona kushandiswa Masvomhu.

kududzirwa kuyerwa

Chimwe chinetso chinovapo kana uchishandisa vinomer-saharomer musha - sei kushandisa music kuverengwa? Feedback kubva vanoshandisa inokurudzirwa kuti nyora zvose pakuongororwa vakawana kuti waini chaiwo. Maererano nedzimwe mhedziso kunyange pasina kuita chero Masvomhu.

The kuverenga rokutanga, wakatorwa pamberi pakutanga chinovira, muti, imwe mari yakakwana shuga iripo kubudisa inodiwa uwandu doro. Nokuti kutsiga doro zviri waini mairi kunofanira asingasviki 10%, izvo zvinoreva kuti kwokutanga chaiyo arambe achirema kunofanira kanenge 1,080 (Brix kukosha zvishoma pane 20). Kana shuga pamwero iri pasi, zvakakodzera kuchinja, zvino kuti mumwe kuyerwa. Indekisi itsva vachava "vokutanga."

Chero Data akagamuchira pashure pakutanga chinovira, inogona kuenzaniswa yapfuura uye chamber zvinonyatsorehwa kufambira mberi chinovira. Achidzikisa arambe achirema kunoratidza vasanyanye yomuropa uye vawedzere doro kugutsikana. Kana kuverengwa kuramba mudanga vinomera pakati kuyerwa maviri, ndiyo imwe zviratidzo kuti chinovira kwapera.

Kana mhosva arambe achirema rwuchiwanzwa, uye haana nokuda kuwedzera mumwe shuga kana zvimwe maatomu akafanana zvichida chikonzero ndiyo carbon dioxide, kunyanya kana matema vari kuoneka. Kana izvi zvaitika pedyo kuguma chinovira nguva, zvinokwanisika kubvisa gasi pachishandiswa ndichibvunza vaiitawo waini pashure decanting.

Kana kuverengwa kuramba mudanga ane chaizvo giravhiti kupfuura 0.996 (kana razero brix zvichidzika) uye aida uwandu doro ino, chinovira rakapedzwa pamwe kuvapo residual kweshuga yomuropa. Asi kana migumisiro kuyerwa handishanduki panguva arambe achirema kuti kwakakwirira zvikuru kupfuura 0.996 (kana Brix kupfuura razero), uye doro pamwero zviri pazasi zvavakabvumirana zvishoma, kuti chinovira kungangova kumisa uye zvinofanira ritangezve.

Kana dzakananga regiravhiti anodonhedza kuti anenge 0.996 zvichidzika (Brix - zvishoma pazasi razero), waini yakaviriswa kuti kuoma.

Kuverenga chaiko uwandu shuga doro kana chaiko ukoshi inofanira kuenzaniswa yokutanga, iyo yakatorwa pamberi kutanga chinovira. The chikamu doro tigutsikane hunowanikwa kuburikidza vachiwedzera musiyano pakati pokuiswa uye yokupedzisira grammage kuti 132.