Ivan Kotlyarevsky, "Aeneid": nhoroondo kunyora uye pfupiso

Modern mutauro Ukrainian arege kunge zvaiitikawo kana kwete Ivan Kotlyarevsky, uyo akanyora zvinoshamisa chinosetsa nhetembo "Aeneid." Nokuda kweizvi chigadzirwa mutauro mupenyu pakati Ukrainian vanhu pakupedzisira hwakatamisirwa bhuku mapeji. Asi kwete chete kuti mwoyo "Aeneid" vaverengi, uye nyaya chinofadza uye vachifara uye yakajeka, zvakanaka ndishandise vatambi.

Ivan Kotlyarevsky: pfupi Biography

Akaberekwa Ivan Petrovich Kotlyarevsky muna Poltava, mumhuri muhofisi wezvokukurukurirana, muna September 1769.

Kana mukomana aiva gumi, akatumirwa kudzidza panguva chebhaibheri. Pashure pokudzidza Ivan Kotlyarevsky kuwana chokurarama nacho nokupa private zvidzidzo vana veko vanoremekedzwa vezvikwata. Papera chinguva, akakunda chigaro Poltava Office uye akashanda ikoko kwemakore anenge mana kwemakore.

Munguva yehondo yeRussia-Turkish Kotlyarevsky nokushingaira chikamu kukombwa Ismail uye kunyange paakavapa ane honorary menduru. Pashure pehondo, iye pamudyandigere uye akadzokera Poltava.

Apo Ivan Petrovich thirties, akanga agamuchira the ranger mune rimwe Poltava zvikoro vana kubva varombo vanokudzwa mhuri vasingakwanisi kubhadhara zvidzidzo zvavo dzakakwirira kuzvikoro vakakodzera nzvimbo yavo.

Panguva Franco-Russian Hondo 1812 Kotlyarevsky nokushingaira muchirongwa kudzivirira Poltava, kuwana mvumo aronge hondo yomunharaunda vechidiki Cossack hondo.

Pashure pehondo, akava kufarira mitambo. Muna 1816 akava mukuru Free Theater Poltava. Nokuda kushaya dzakatsarukana repertoire akatanga kunyora. Saka zvidimbu zviviri vakabva peni yake: "Natalka Poltavka" uye "Moskal Charіvnik".

Pazera makore 69 akafa Kotlyarevsky. Akavigwa Poltava.

Nhoroondo kunyora "Aeneid"

Kunyange munguva nemauto ake basa pana Ivan Petrovich aiva pfungwa kunyora detembo pamusoro Cossacks. Kuziva zvakanaka dzekare mabhuku, uyewo aine tarenda guru senhetembo, ndakasarudza inobva nyaya "The Aeneid" nomudetembi wechiRoma Virgil rokusika basa ravo Kotlyarevsky.

Makore "Aeneid" Virgil chiri mashomanana akanga atova rakashandurirwa mumutauro wokuRussia mune zviri pachena-mhanya munyori Russian Nikolai Osipov, chii akafuridzirwa Kotlyarevskogo. Zvisinei, Ivan akashandura gamba Eniasi muna Cossack, uye nhetembo chaizvo zvakanyorwa vanhuwo kutaura zvokukurukura, izvo zviri wokuUkraine mabhuku hapana pamberi pake haana.

Muna 1798, muSt Petersburg vakaona chiedza okutanga zvikamu zvitatu kubva munhetembo. pakarepo "Aeneid" Kotlyarevskogo yawana mukurumbira wake kwete chete nyaya, asiwo Spicy zvinosetsa, uyo nyanduri norupo vaitaura basa rake akakwezva vaverengi. Uyezve, zvakanyorwa nomutauro wokuUkraine, zvakanga zvekumwe kuti mutauro wokuRussia yevagari venyika.

Fully detembo haina rakabudiswa kusvikira mushure nyanduri afa muna 1842. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti okupedzisira matatu wokugadzira uye zvinosetsa zvakasiyana kubva pakutanga, vanonzwa imwe "achikura" Kotlyarevskogo.

"Aeneid": pfupiso wokutanga, wechipiri newechitatu zvikamu

In chikamu chokutanga munhu akashinga Cossack Eniasi pashure pokuparadzwa chizvarwa Troy pamusoro zano mai vake, mwarikadzi Venus (baba vake mushakabvu akanga kamwe rakamubatsira kuhwina nharo mune dzimwe vanamwarikadzi) rwunotumirwa Trojans munyika itsva kuti ushe hwake ikoko. Zvisinei, Juno, Eniasi kuvenga mhuri (akanga pakati vakundwa ose mwarikadzi Venus), ari kuedza kugadzirisa gamba ose zvakashata. Asi Venus, akanyunyuta kuna baba vake Zeus anodzidza kuti Eniasi takagadzirirwa nomugumo kukuru - achava muvambi umambo kukuru.

Zvichakadaro Eniasi neshamwari dzake vanosvika muCarthage, uko achipinda Cossack Falls mambokadzi Dido. Mumaoko gamba anokanganwa zvose uye pamusoro chinosuruvarisa kare uye ramangwana kukuru. Ipapo Zeus amutuma Mercury, izvo Hunoita Eniasi kusiya anodiwa. Dido, asingakwanisi kubereka kusavimbika yakadaro, akazviuraya.

Muchikamu chikamu Juno oumhizha Trojan rechipiri kunoita vakadzi kupisa zvikepe, apo varume pamafundo muSicily. Zvisinei, vamwari tumirai mvura pamusoro chikumbiro Eniasi, uye zvikepe unoramba yakasimba. Nokukurumidza kurota anouya Eniasi baba vake mushakabvu Anchises uye akakumbira kuti amuone muhero.

Muchikamu chetatu Eniasi pashure yakareba kutsvaka uye kubatsira Sibyl ndiye unoenda kugehena. Zvaakanga aona zvinotyisa yepasi uye akasangana mweya wakafa vomunyika, uye Dido wake baba, gamba zvipo zvinodhura uye uprofita zvakanaka anoenda zvakare.

"Æneid" Pfupiso yebhuku wechina, zvikamu rechishanu nerechitanhatu (rakanyorwa zvikuru gare gare)

In pechechina Eniasi Anoenda kuna chitsuwa mambo Latina. Pano anotanga kushamwaridzana naye, uye iye ari kuronga kupa muvakidzani yakanaka itsva mwanasikana wake tsvarakadenga Lavinia. Zvisinei, aimbova mukomana vasikana - King Thurn - pamwe kubatsirwa ubiquitous Juno anotanga yokurwisa Latina. Zvichakadai, unokuvadza nemhizha mwarikadzi vanogadzirisa mukadzi Latina pamusoro Trojans, uye vari kugadzirira hondo.

Munguva cheshanu Venus anonyengetedza mwari-mupfuri Vulcan kuti chombo chikuru Eneya. Kuhwina hondo, ivo Trojans munokumbirira rubatsiro kubva pedyo rudzi. Juno anoyambira Turna kutanga nguva Eniasi kurwisa. A maviri Trojan varwi - Bottom uye Euryalus - pachivande vanoverevedza mumusasa womuvengi uye kuuraya vavengi vazhinji, saka akauraya pachavo. Nokukurumidza Trojans vanokwanisa kubhadhara Turna kutiza.

Mumakore chikamu nhetembo, Zeusi anoziva pamusoro antics wavanamwari, uye unorambidza kubva vachipindira vari kutapwa Eniasi. Zvisinei, Juno, Zeus akasvika kumurume, akadhakwa uye kudhakiswa naye. Uye pashure kushandisa mazano kuponeswa kubva pakuparadzwa rwokuparidza. Eniasi anobvumirana Thurn uye Latin ari kurwisana akanaka, iyo inofanira kuona nei hondo. Juno ari kutamburira kuparadza Eniasi, asi Zeus Anobata wake uye inorambidza kupindira, achiwedzera kuti pashure pokufa Eniasi, achava navo paGomo Olympus. Eniasi ikakunda Turnus vakatendeseka uye pashure vamwe kuzengurira anomuuraya.

Characters "Aeneid"

The chikuru gamba ari nhetembo mwanakomana Venus uye Anchises mambo Troy - Eniasi. Aiva akashinga ari Cossack, akashinga, akatsunga uye unyanzvi murwi, asi akanga asina mutorwa neutera hwevanhu. Saka, Eniasi haasi averse kuti chokunwa uye kufamba neshamwari. Chinhu kubatwa zvechikadzi runako. An aidanana mambokadzi Dido Eneasi anokanganwa zvose. Asi gare gare nyore Ikande mirairo vanamwari. Pasinei nezvose zvikanganiso ayo, kana uchifanira Eneasi anokwanisa kuratidza uye unyanzvi, uye unyanzvi. Ndizvo nhetembo yose "Aeneid" rinoumbwa hunhu ichi.

vamwe vatambi kwete chinopenya nhetembo. Somuenzaniso, muchimiro Dido mudzidziso mukadzi chaiwo. Iye ngwara, kusetsa uye vaishanda nesimba, asi akasiya chirikadzi, vanorota mehamburamakaka papfudzi. Zvaakanga akakunda mwoyo Eniasi, mambokadzi makatanga kufanana mudzimai comedies: godo uye kumutsamwira.

madzimambo Latin uye Thurn vane pakatarisana vatambi. First vanokara uye vanotya, achiedza kudzivisa hondo nemitoo yose. Wechipiri, nekusiyana, vakashinga, vachivhaira uye vanozvikudza. Nokuda bombast iyi nyore zvichibvira kushandisa Juno.

Kufarira ndiwo hunhu mukadzi Latina - Queen Amata. Mukadzi vachiwirirana Turnu - chete vanozvikudza uye vachivhaira. Asi iye ari kusimba akazochena uye manomano. Zvisinei, kufanana Dido yawira parudo, anotanga kuita upenzi.

Chinozikamwa ndivo mabhii vaviri Trojans Cossacks - Nisa uye Euryale. Vakabayira upenyu hwavo, vakaita akaparadza vazhinji vavengi. Zvinogoneka kuti pakusikwa zvifananidzo izvi vakashandisa mirangariro yake Russian-Turkish hondo Kotlyarevsky.

"Aeneid" hazvifungiki pasina vanonyanya kutaurwa-vamwari. Wokutanga kwavo hondo mukuru mwarikadzi Juno Olympus - huru anokumhan'arira pakati Eniasi. Iye anovenga zvose zvangu mwoyo protagonist, kurota kwesuko ake. Kuti vawane chinangwa chayo, Juno vakagadzirira kuita chinhu uye havana kunyange kurega kuita zvakajeka rambidza murume. Zvisinei, pasinei zvose artifices dzayo, uprofita hwacho hunozadzika musi Eniasi.

Imwe heroine mwarikadzi "Aeneid" - Venus. Sezvo panzvimbo ndararama, mwarikadzi Saka haazvibati sezvinoita amai chaivo hanya. Rinodzika zvakawanda kuti abatsire Eniasi kwaari: anoshora Juno, Volcano hwambo uye dzimwe nguva nharo Zeus.

Zeus mu "Aeneid" anofananidzwa bhurasho mukuru - zvaanoda kunwa uye kuzorora. Pasinei nenyevero yake, mwarikadzi kashoma kumuteerera, kuedza kuwana detours ake, achibatsirwa fufuro uye kubatana.

Shanduro "Aeneid" muna Russian

Nhasi, pane zvakawanda gakava pamusoro kana mutauro makanga makanyorwa "Aeneid" Kotlyarevskogo. Saka, vamwe vanhu zvisiri vatende kuti Ivan Petrovich akanyora nhetembo yake yokutanga muna Russian, uye gare gare vakaita shanduro. "Aeneid" Zvisinei, chaizvoizvo akanyorwa wokuUkraine (Little Russian, sezvo vakati), asi somunhu yoga arufabheti akanga asipo, munyori akashandisa tsamba Russian.

Asi shanduro izere "Aeneid" muna Russian Kotlyarevskogo chinozoiswa I. Brazhnin.

Zviya, regai kunyonganisa basa Osipova uye munhu akanyora Kotlyarevsky. "Aeneid" pose hachishandi - ari oga, yakazvimirira basa. Zvisinei, kana kunyora uye Osipov, uye Kotlyarevsky akashandiswa chikuru rine Virgil nhetembo.

Papera makore, vazhinji mashoko, zviitiko, zvinhu, uye zviitiko vanotaurwa "Aeneid" yakarasikirwa kushanda kwayo, kana asina yanyura kupinda yokukanganwa, saka vaverengi vemazuva ano havanzwisisi zvose zvinorondedzerwa muna nhetembo yake Kotlyarevsky. "Aeneid" Zvino zvinoita sokuti kuva chete kunakidzwa detembo pamwe yekare kutukwa. Asi iye nhasi anoramba dzinodikamwa Ukrainians zvose, uye kwete navo chete.