Rifle Manlicher: nhoroondo, mutengo. Bayonet kusvika Manlicher Rifle

Pakati pezvidiki zviduku zvakasikwa muma1890, pfuti yaManlicher inonakidza zvikuru. Yakagadzirwa naFerdinand Manlicher muna 1895. Zvinonzwisisika, iyo yakagadzirwa yakatumidzwa mushure mokusika kwayo. Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti pfuti yaManlicher yaiva nezvimwe zvinhu zvakasiyana, saka zvakanaka zvakatarisana nechemberi kwezvimwe zviduku zviduku zvemazuva iwayo. Asi ngatitaurire pamusoro pezvose zvakarongeka.

A bit of history

Manicher store pfuti muna 1895 yakagamuchirwa neuto reAustro-Hungarian. Mumazuva iwayo iyo yakanga iri chivimbo chakasimba uye chakarurama. Muvaki waro aiva mupfuri wepfuti Ferdinand Manlicher, anoshanda pane imwe yezvigadzirwa zvemaoko muguta reSteyr. Kubva muna 1895 kusvika muna 1918, mamiriyoni anenge mamiriyoni, pamwe nekugadziridzwa kwakasiyana-siyana (makotini, mapfuti emvura) zvakagadzirwa muBudapest uye Steyr. Aya maoko maduku ainzi "M95".

Pashure pokuwa kweAustria-Hungary, zvombo zvakaramba zvichishanda naAustria neHungary. Zvakakoshawo kuziva kuti nhamba inoshamisa yepfuti dzechimiro ichi yaiva muItaly. Ichokwadi, nyika iyi haina kubereka uye yakagamuchirwa chete se trophies. Kare muna 1924, zvombo zvakashandurwa kuGermany cartridge Mauser 7.92 mm. Kusiyana kwechimiro chaiva chitunha chakakomba uye kuvapo kweMauser clips. Pakupedzisira, pfuti yaManlicher yakashandiswa kose-kose, nokuti yakanga yava muenzaniso wakanaka.

Zvimwe zvishoma zvinonakidza zvakaitika kare

Muna 1930, muAustria, yakasarudzwa kubvisa pfuti pasi pe cartridge 8x56R, sezvo yakanga yakasimba zvikuru. Kuchinja kukuru kwakabata tambo, iyo yakanyatsopfupiswa, uye zviduku zvishoma zvakagamuchira zvitsva, zvishoma nezvishoma kuona.

Hungaria yakatevera nguva yeHungary. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti pfuti dzeHungary, kufanana neAustria, dzakashandiswa zvakasimba panguva yeHondo Yenyika Yechipiri. Muna 1885, Manlichher akagadzira dhiki nemutambo wakaiswa. Dhizha rimwe chete-rekushandisa raishandiswa musimbi bundle, rakasara kusvikira kaseti yakasunungurwa zvachose. Kazhinji, pfuti yaManlicher yaiva yakanakisisa yekushandisa, asi dzimwe nguva regai murwi aende pasi. Zvakaitika nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana, sezvatichakuudza gare gare.

Straight Shutter

Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti chipfigiro chakananga chaiva nezvikomborero zvose uye zvisingabatsiri pakuenzanisa nevhariti yevashandi. Akanga ari muviri wekusimudzira, une mazano ekureba kwenguva refu ne shank yevhavha uye kurwisana. Chikamu chayo chemukati chaiva nemafungiro emhepo, aive akabatana neaipinda grooves pa shank.

Zvinongova zvisikwa kuti paiva nechigamba mumuswe wechitsva chevhavha, izvo zvakabvumira kuti munhu asvute doro, asina kuvhura yevhavha yega. Kana tichitaura pamusoro pezvinobatsira zvekugadzirisa kwakadaro, inosanganisira mukunyanya kwekugadzira. Zvisinei, paiva nezvipingamupinyi zvakakosha. Icho chikuru ndechokunzwisa tsvina. Mukuwedzera, iyo yakavhara zvakananga, zvakasiyana nemakona, haigoni kupa huwandu hwakawanda hwejeri re cartridge, iro raivewo chirevo. Uyewo, muhwindo rekuputika kwepakiti, iyo inonakidza mukukura, tsvina uye mvura nguva dzose yakapinda mubhokisi.

Manlicher Carbine: tsanangudzo

Chimwe chinhu chakasiyana che 1895 carabiner chaiva chiduku chakavharidzirwa, kuona kwemazuva ano uye mubhedha. Panguva imwecheteyo, takashandisa cartridge yakazara uyevhavha yakarurama, iyo, sezvatakatoita, haisi yekusakwana kwayo. Zvinonakidza kuti pfuti yeuto reAustro-Hungarian harina bhaonet. Manlicher haana kumbofanoona izvi. Panguva imwecheteyo, carbine yakapomerwa nokukurumidza uye nyore nyore saiyo yevashandi, iyo yakapa mukana mukuru mukurwa. Mukuwedzera, chimbo chacho chaiva nemari shoma shoma uye yakaderera kuyerwa, saka inogona kutakurwa pamusoro pefudzi pasina kushandiswa kwesimba. Iyi gorozi inokodzera kubhadhara pabhiza, uye simba refuseti iri pakakwirira.

Zvakanaka kumabhiza ehondo

Manipher mfuti ye1895 yakakurumbira zvikuru nevatasvi vemabhiza. Izvozvi, izvi hazvigoni kunzi chinhu chinoshamisa. Chikonzero chekufarirwa kwakadaro ndechokuti chaiva nezvinhu zvakakosha zvakadai sekukura kwemoto uye simba guru. Mukurwisana, izvi zvinongova zvisiri izvo. Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti vaMausers uye "trilinear" vakanga vasingakoshi mune dzimwe nzira kune zvombo izvi. Kana zviri zvekukanganisa, sezvakataurwa pamusoro apa, zvinosanganisira kuwedzera kunzwisisika kuguruva uye tsvina, pamwe chete nechisimba chakashandiswa pakushanda nevhavha. Kunyange zvakadaro, nehutano hwakakosha zvose kukanganisa kwekutanga uye kwechipiri zvakabviswa nyore nyore. VaScout, vanotya madiki, uye Cossacks kakawanda vaishandisa Manlicher, nokuti yakanga ine simba uye ichikurumidza-kupisa. Mumaoko ane unyanzvi, pfuti yakadaro yakava chimbo chinouraya.

Austrian Manlicher: sniper pfuti

Sezvaunogona kufunga, pano isu tichataura nezvemaoko mashoma kwete ema1900. Iri guru-caliber sniper pfuti rakagadzirwa muAustria neSyyr zvombo zvemauto. Nhumbi yacho yakagadzirwa muna 2004. Chinangwa chikuru chechimbo ndechokuparadza vavengi vehondo, pamwe nekuchengetedza moto munharaunda uye zvishoma zvombo zvombo. Nokuda kwepfuti, ".50 Browning" cartridge inoshandiswa, pamwe chete neyashandurwa .460 Steyr.

Zvinonakidza kuti zvombo izvi hazvipfeki, kufanana nemapurisa akawanda ezuva ranhasi, asi mumwe-kutema ne-sliding slide. Planck Picatinni inokuita kuti ushandise optics yakakodzera pane imwe mamiriro ezvinhu. Pamberi pemubhedha bipods, zvinoshandiswa pakukwirira. Kuita kuti kuderedzwa kusvibiswa kwemashure kwegorosi ndeyekushushikana kwebhebhu. Iwe unogona kutaura kuti iyi ndiyo Manlicher inoshanda chaizvo. A sniper pfuti yemhando iyi inobvumira kutsvaga moto pamakiromita anenge 1.5 km.

Chii Manlicher-Carcano?

Inowanzokwanisika kuwana izwi rakadaro saManlicher-Carcano. Vanhu vazhinji vanotanga kufunga kuti ichi ndicho chimwe chigadziro chemazana maduku eM95, asi izvi hazvina kunaka. Pano tiri kutaura pamusoro pekuvhara cartridge, iyo yakashandiswa neuto reItaly munguva yekutanga yekutanga yehondo yekutanga.

Yakaratidza kuva yakabudirira chaizvo pamakiromita 200-300 mamita. Mune simba, iyo yaiva yepakati makadhijiji. Manlikher-Carcano yakashandiswawo neFinnns muhondo yekurwisa USSR. Pakupedzisira, mauto eFinnish akanga akashonga zvombo zvishoma "Carcano", iyo yakanga isina chokuita naManlicher. Mutungamiri Kennedy akatemwa nemubatsiro waManlicher-Carcano. Bfuti iri pasi pe cartridge iyi haina kumbobvira yakasikwa, asi mienzaniso yakawanda yakashandurwa. Mune musimamende yemazuva ano, munhu anokwanisa kuwana mabhodhi akare-kare ane chikamu chakanaka ogive. Izvo zvakatsiviwa nechirevo, icho chaifungidzirwa kuti chinoshanda uye chinobaya.

Manicher Hunting Rifles

Iyo kambani "Steyr" iripo nhasi. Chiitiko chikuru chakabvumirwa kubudisa zvombo zvezvinangwa zvakasiyana-siyana. Pano unogona kuwana zvinoshungurudza pisitori, pfuti dzenyoka, zvimotokari nekuvhima pfuti. Isu tiri kungofarira mundima yekupedzisira pamusoro patachataura. Chinhu chokutanga chandingada kucherechedza ndicho chinonzi chechi, chinosanganisira SBS 96 Classic. Ichi chombo chakasungirirwa nechitarisiko chechirongwa, chinoita kuti chikurumidze kudzorera zvakare. Zvinonakidza kuti sekudzivirirwa kunzvimbo isina tsvina uye guruva, kuputika kwemhepo kune rimwe suo kunoshandiswa. Zvisinei, sezvinoratidzira zvinoratidzira, mumamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo hazvina kuvhara. Iko hovha iri kuvhara kwema 4 kumativi. Hondo yechishanu inogona kutumirwa zvakananga kumurongo. Izvi zvakakwana pakuvhima.

Rifle kupfutidzira pfuti Manlicher

Nyanzvi dzeRussia dzakapfurwa. Kuedzwa kwakange kusingobatanidzwa chete pamatambo ekupfura, asiwo zvakananga pakutsvaga. Mukati yechando-munguva yechando, sbS 96 Classic gunfigure yakaratidzwa pachavo pamativi akanaka. Simba guru uye kukwana kwecarbine inoonekwa. Pakuvhima, mhuka yemhuka (kubva kure nemamita 90) uye elk yakabudiswa. 13-gram bullets "Con Point" yakashandiswa.

Kana zviri zvikanganiso, ndeye chete uye izvo hazvina basa. Iko kunoshandiswa mukati me rubber backplate, iyo inodzima kudzoka nehuwandu hwakakwana. Nyanzvi vevhimi uye nyanzvi dzinotaura nezve "omnivorous" mfuti. Migumisiro nemashandireji akashandiswa emarudzi akasiyana-siyana akaratidza kuva mazhinji kupfuura zvakanaka. Nenzira yakawanda, tinogona kutaura kuti Manlicher ipfuti yokuvhima, iyo yakakodzera kuvhima kweRussia. Iyo carbine yakajeka, yakasimba uye yakasununguka, kunyange zvakadaro, iine pfungwa yakajeka. Asi kukanganisa uku iwe ucharega kucherechedza mushure memafuti mashomanana.

Austrian Mannlicher pfuti: mutengo wezvombo

Zvinonzwisisika, zvinenge zvisingabviri kuwana samples ye 1895 kana kunyange 1886 kutengeswa. Izvi ndezvechokwadi zvekare, izvo kana iwe ukagona kutenga, zvino nokuda kwemari yakawanda kwazvo. Asi kambani "Steyr" inobudirira kubudirira zvombo zvayo nhasi. Rifles inoshandiswa munyika yose nevashambadzi, mabasa anokosha uye mauto ehondo. Zvisinei, kune munhuwo zvake iyi inofadza chaizvo.

Saka, iyo carbine SM12 300VM inokubhadharai 200-220 zviuru zveRubles. Mukudzoka, iwe uchagamuchira mhando yakanakisisa yemuchina ine magazini ye 3 cartridges. Bhedha yacho inogadzirwa kubva mumuti weklasi yechina (yakakwirira-simba), iyo inonyanya kukosha kushandiswa kushandiswa, uye ine rubber backplate. Zvimwe mari yebhajari - SBS 96 ProHunter. Carbine yakadaro inodhura anenge 170 000 rubles. Kuti tinyengedze, zvinyorwa zvechigadzirwa chakaoma chinoshandiswa. Uyewo kune mupikiri, unobvumira kuisa optics pfuti. Nenzira yakawanda, zvakakosha kuverenga pamitengo kubva 150 kusvika 250 000 rubles. Nditendei, iyi inodhura zvakanakira Manlicher. Bhoti, mutengo waro unogona kunge wakakwirira, unoshamisa kwazvo uye une maitiro akanaka .

Shandisa muEast

Sezvatakataurwa zvishoma, Manlicher yakashandiswa zvikuru munyika yose. The Imperial Russian Army yakanga isiri iyo . Mushure mokutumirwa kuFort Port Arthur, mauto eRussia, sevatorwa kubva kuQing army, vakagamuchira nhamba huru yeMicheler pfuti ye1886 model. Vakashandisa cartridge nehutu hunopisa, uye bhoti yakanga yakarurama, semamwe mfuti yemakore iwayo.

Muna 1904 purogiramu yezvinzi inonzi artisanal machine gun yakawanikwa. Chinokosha chayo chaive muchokwadi chokuti pamusango wemapuranga wakagadzirirwa pamusoro pe5-8 Manlicher pfuti, izvo zvakashandiswa pamoto wevhiri muvengi. Sangano rakadaro rainzi "Shmetilo" mukuremekedza we Musiki.

Bayonet kusvika pfuti

Muchidimbu chakadikanwa, bhaonet ine blavha yejasi yakashandiswa. Kubudirira kwayo kwakanyanya kwaiva kurema-280 gramu. Panguva imwecheteyo, kureba kwayo kwaive neenenge 260 mm, uye simba rinoputika rakanyanya kwazvo. Izvi zvakaita kuti zviitike kuti nokukurumidza uye kubudirira kugadzirisa muvengi. Zvakakoshawo kuziva kuti bayonet kupfuti yaManlicher yakapfeka zvakaparadzana uye yakagadzirirwa chete munyaya yekudiwa kwehondo yakapedzana.

Icho chinonzi lightweight bayonet, kuvimbika kwepfuti, simba rayo rinoparadza uye chiyero chemoto - zvose izvi zvinobatsira zvakakonzera kuti zvaive nyore nyore kuita Mauser munguva yehondo. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi chakajeka, muna 1916, mafuti aya akatanga kuendeswa kunhumbi dzeAustria-Hungary. Kune chikamu chikuru, izvi zvaive zvichibva pakuitika kwekuti Germany yakanga ine zvigadziro zvakakosha zvekugadzirwa kwezvombo izvi uye inokwanisa kuipa iyo zhinji muAllied forces. "Manlicherovtsy" yaive yakakurumbira kwenguva yakareba, kuwedzera, pfuti dzakadai dzaidiwa nevatungamiriri uye dzakabudirira kushandisa mavo muHondo Yenyika Yechipiri.