Rabbi mukuru Russia Lazar Berl: Biography, mhuri. Bhuku "The Russian vechiJudha"

Muna 2010, maererano vaverengwe kuRussia akararama vaJudha zvishoma kupfuura 156.000, kana 0,16% of zvachose kwevanhu. rudzi urwu, urwo emakore vakatambudzwa, ararama tefe paivhu Russian, kuveza kumasinagoge, zvikoro Jewish akazarurwa, mazororo Jewish. Kuti uwane kuvandudzika upenyu vaJudha kurwa reRussia Chief Rabbi, ane zita - Berl Lazar. Ndiani iye? Kwayakanga yabva? Sezvo akakwanisa tiwane chivimbo uye zvisati ushamwari hwakasimba kupfuura mukuru vakuru?

Position uye chinzvimbo

Vamwe vanodavira Rabbi - ndiye ari musinagoge, akadai vafundisi Orthodox. Kutaura zvazviri, zvose pavanaRabhi havasi vapristi. Shoko rechiHebheru rinogona kushandurwa kuti "mukuru", "mudzidzisi", uye naizvozvo chinhu zvedzidzo rokuti (se "muzvinafundo", "zvedzidzo") munhu akadzidza Torah uye Talmud. Uyezve, mune dzimwe nyika, vana rabbi inogona kushanda ne vakuru vakuru vehurumende. Zivo subtleties izvi zvinotibatsira kunzwisisa nani ndiani uyu uye chii anoita Lazar Berl. Rabbi dhipuroma agamuchira muna 1988, panguva pakuguma yeshiva (soro rechitendero sangano) "Tomhei Tmimim", riri muNew York. Rank raanotaura dhipuroma rake - Dayan, izvozvo kureva mutongi. On hwaro ichi, Lazar Berl aiita mutemo munzanga yechiJudha, afunga pamusoro kurambana nyaya, zvoupfumi kusawirirana nezvimwe mabhizimisi. Uyezve, iye kuitika pachena mabasa sezvo nhengo Public Chamber of Russian Federation, Kojima akatanga chirevo chasainwa President Vladimir Putin muna 2005. Achishingaira anoshandira Chief Rabbi kweRussia, uye pamwe nemasangano dzakawanda munyaya World Congress wokuRussia muJudhiya congresses (sezvo sachigaro), musoro nhume, akapa mharidzo, uye munguva yake ndisina nguva anonyora mabhuku.

Kutanga rwendo rwoupenyu

Muna 1964, zvinoshamisa chitubu zuva, May 19, mumhuri kuMilan Rabhi, mutumwa akabva ari Jesu pamusoro Chabad - yakakurumbira Mendel Schneerson, akaberekwa ari mukomana anonzi Shlomo Dov Ber Lazar Pinhos uye rakapfupikiswa Berel Lazar. Biography ake anofara chaizvo, hapana nzvimbo matema kuti udzvanyiriri uye kutambudzwa. Little Berl ros pamwe ramai vake mukaka soaking tsika dzechiJudha uye dzidziso pamusoro Chabad. Lazar pachake anoyeuka, somwana, aiva zvifananidzo zviviri - baba vake nguva dzose chakabatsira avo vanoshaya, uye Sherlock Holmes. Little Burl aida Conan Doyle uye kuzova Detective. Makore 15, akadzidza paChikoro Milan chikoro munhuwo Jewish. mano mumuviri Mutsindo vakamira panze, aiva mutete uye kusimba, asi zviya kuchikoro. Ndava nemakore 15, akatamira America, uko iye ndanyoresa panguva Hebrew College, uye vakaipedza, akaenda kudzidza mu yeshiva "Tomhei Tmimim". Pazera 23 Lazar Berl aiva mhemberero rokugadza (rokugadza naro), uye panguva 24, akapiwa chitupa uye musoro Rabbi Dayan.

muchato

Kubudirira sayenzi uye upenyu muduku Rabbi akanga asina kukurumidza kuroorwa, sezvo nguva zhinji akaudza ake navo panguva yeshiva. Zvisinei, amai vake kwazvo kumirira vazukuru. Apo Rabbi kuzoita Judaic mabasa muRussia, amai vakabvuma kuti akaenda ikoko, asi chete pashure kumuchato. Berl aifanira kuteerera. Mudzimai aiva American mugari, muJudha pakuberekwa, mudzidzisi ne basa Hannah Derain, iyo panguva iyoyo yaiva nemakore 20. Lazar Berl akasangana mwenga wake haana, uye nokubatsira munhu nhingi nanhingi vanokodzerana. mhuri waHana yaigara muPittsburgh. baba vake, Ezekiel Derain, zvakare, Rabhi, akamutsa vanasikana (Hannah ane 2 nehanzvadzi) mutsika National uye nehasha vakadzidzisa kuremekedza uye kuchengeta mitemo yechiJudha. Young vanhu vakaungana sorusvingo mumba, uye pashure 2 months kuroorana. The gore vaigara America, ipapo kuRussia.

vana

Hannah Derain anoona pachake mukadzi anofara, uye anoramba achidzokorora kuti murume anoshamisa Lazar Berl. Family kwaari - ichi ndicho revane chikonzero. The nomudzimai panguva vana 13, imwe neimwe iyo zvikuru achida. The wokutanga mwanasikana wavo they at akafa 6 makore. Kana ichi vasina zvaitika, venhaka Razaro kwaizova 14. Maererano mutemo wechiJudha, panofanira kuva vana vakawanda sezvo Mwari anovapa. mhuri iyi pachena kunakidzwa nyasha dzake. Musiyano vana pano zvose gore kana maviri. Hana, Pakupindura sei anokwanisa kutsungirira "chikwata" akadaro, anoti kuti nguva dzose kubatsira mukuru mudiki uye Chokwadi, amai. Education kwaitika pano pachishandiswa mitemo yechiJudha. vabereki Vose vanodavira kuti hapana nyaya vachava vana vavo, chero vakararama nokutenda kwechokwadi muna mweya. The uchapupu yedzidzo rechipiri - kuudza vana chokwadi, kunyange kana hakukuvadzi ingano, kusvikira mwana akadya asingadiwi semolina. Pasinei zvinoverengeka wechipfuwo mabasa, Hannah anowana nguva kutungamira chikoro private Jewish, uye vana kudzidza ikoko kubva 2 years.

Mwanasikana mukuru

Lazar Berl naHannah vane 8 vasikana 5 vakomana. Mwanasikana mukuru, Blum, akaberekwa muna 1991, muna June, akaroorwa Ayzeka Rozenfelda, uyo baba kuri rabhi uye Chabad nhume zvakare, chete muColombia. Akasangana wechiduku Hannah Lazare, izvo, ari mukadzi, waiva kakawanda mhuri Rosenfeld. Chikomba chakasvika muMoscow tinyatsoziva mwenga weColombia inodziya muchirimo kuoma nechando Russian yechando. Mushure misangano inoverengeka, vechiduku vanhu vakasarudza kuti kuroorana, uye pashure pemwedzi mina nehafu, muna June 2011, akabata muchato wavo. It yakarongwa rimwe mumapaki kupfuura muguta guru. Korokotedza Blum naIsaka, uye kubhadhara zvinhu zvavo kuna Chief Rabbi kweRussia vakasvika vanhu vanopfuura 1,500 kubva America, Israel, Colombia, Russia, Ukraine uye dzimwe nyika, pane sangano Chabad. Berl Lazar akasimbisa kuti kunyange 2 emakore apfuura, zvakanga zvisingambofungiki kufungidzira pachena womuchato wechiJudha, uye ikozvino zvainge pakati Moscow, kuti, pane zvakawanda mberi kuvandudza mamiriro ezvinhu evaJudha kuRussia.

The kuziva yokutanga guru

Rabbi Berel Lazar kutanga akasvika kuMoscow somudzidzi panguva yeshiva. Zvino muna 1987, achangobva kugadzwa kwake, munguva perestroika, apo nyika iri simba iri chaizvoizvo zvakundikana. Berl pachake anoyeuka munguva yake, hapana aiziva, saka akanga akasununguka kufamba mumigwagwa, kuchovha kuchiteshi, riri kwazvo kwazvo. Zvino kuti mari mukuru rabhi haagoni. Anobvisa mutenderere guta chete pamwe kudzivirira. The kekutanga Russia haana chete tourist rwendo. Young Chabad Chisikwa akauya pano kuti pave nokukurukurirana yeRussian yechiJudha kusvika kunze nyika. Mumazuva iwayo, hapana aifarira kufa USSR, chii Chabad Lubavitch, saka basa rakanga chii zvirongwa zvayo chikuru, vakabudirira. Chii chinonyanya akarova Berl? Nokusununguka, nomwoyo uye vaenzi ipapo Soviet vanhu vanoda kugoverana ichangobva.

Kufambira mu Russia

Mwoyo kushanya Soviet wehurumende Berel Lazar akatanga kudzidzisa mutauro Russian, mukuwedzera kune wokuItaly, Chirungu, Yiddish, chiHebheru, French, inotaura akakwana. Muna 1989, akapinda kuvhurika muMoscow chechikoro chitsva vechiJudha, uye muna 1990 mhuri yake kuRussia on refu dzokugara, uye akapotsa kamwechete (pakutanga 1991) yaiva rabhi wesinagoge, iri Marina Roshcha. Matambudziko zvakaitika mumakore iwayo akanga nokuti kuti vaJudha vakawanda, achangopera Soviet Union yakaparara, uye miganhu akazarurwa, nomutowo nguva-inonyatsoziva vakatama kuvaIsraeri uye America. Zvisinei, zvishoma nezvishoma, achitungamirirwa Berl Lazar, akatanga ndiponesezve nzanga yechiJudha. Moscow - rakanaka uye guta guru kupfuura ose Europe, apo vanoverengeka gumi nevaviri vanhu vemarudzi kurarama. VaJudha anenge 200 000. Kudeuka nenzanga Moscow (MEOTS) iri Marina dzotswa. Pano hapana chete sinagogi, asi chikoro chesekondari vana, sorority, mitambo netsvimbo, yemitambo, apo vaitamba mudzidzi uye mapoka basa, mabhizimisi tsvimbo "Soromoni", iro rinotarisira - kusika nyika bhizimisi wechiJudha.

Mevhiki mukuru rabhi

Vanhu Russian uchiri zvikuru noushamwari vemarudzi ose, paupamhi-okutanga nemikova vadzidzi vaibva kunyika dzose, uye nokuda vashanyi, uye vapoteri. Mafungiro akafanana nesu uye vaJudha. Berl Lazar pamusoro Russian nguva dzose anotaura noruremekedzo (kanenge, paruzhinji). Anofara kuti vana vake vari shamwari nevana Russian, uye kuti mutauro wavo huru - Russian. Zvinosuruvarisa munyika dzose pane vagari, akaipa manzwiro kuti vamiririri vashoma National. Nyaya kuparadzirwa kuitika Russia. Saka, kumakuva vechiJudha rakaparadzwa Malakhovka. Pachiitiko ichi, Berl Lazar akataura kuti hombe mubayiro zvemari vaya chichakubatsira kuwana vaya basa. Iyewo akapa rubatsiro rwemari uye akashanyira chipatara muIsraeri Tatiana Sapunova vakuvara muMoscow nokuti akanga kuchenesa ndiro chete Anti-oukuru Graffiti. Zvose dambudziko, Mukuru Rabbi ose ezuva nezuva chepfu. Asi pane zvakawanda zvakanaka, akadai pakuvhurwa mumasinagogi itsva uye nzvimbo dzechiJudha kwete chete muMoscow, asi yose Russia. Nokuti chinangwa ichi, Berl Lazar anoenda kumaguta siyana (Perm, Barnaul, etc.), makawanikwa pamwe matanho nevamwe vakuru vakuru.

Relations pamwe President Russian

Mhiri kwemakungwa wokudhinda anodana Berel Lazar chete se "Putin kuti rabhi." Uye zvechokwadi, zvakaita kubatsirwa President, Va Lazar vaviri Israeri ndeyedu uye US, muna 2000, akawedzera wechitatu - Russian. Mune ramangwana, akanyengetedza mbiri vanhu ava rakura kuva ushamwari risingaenzaniswi. Maererano Hannah Lazare, apo murume wake akanga kuenda Kremlin, vana achazvikomborera kumbira kutora kwavari nemi, kana dzinenge kuti dzinokukwazisai dzavo akanamata Uncle Vova. Putin frequents munzanga yechiJudha, riri mazororo vechiJudha. ruvimbo ukama hwake purezidhendi haringandivanzi uye Berel Lazar. "Russian Jewish" - bhuku rake idzva kuti rabhi rinoti Putin unobvunza naye panyaya dzakawanda, uye Berl anomupa mazano ari muchimiro mifananidzo. Kunyange zvazvo zvichida mushanduri chinhu riite. Zvisinei, unogona kupinda zvakaipa kufarira kwedu Presidential Affairs yeRussian nevaJudha, nokuti pasinei nokuva takabatikana, iye anowana nguva yokushanyira itsva Museum yechiJudha, mune pamwe chete Berl, kuenda Israeri Panovhurwa shongwe yechiJudha, vanotsaura awa kana maviri kuti private kukurukura rabhi.

chinokudza

Lazar Berl chaizvo mugove Russia, sezvambotaurwa Medals, mibayiro uye zvitupa. Zviga mibayiro akasaina pachako naMutungamiri Putin.

Two Orders yeRussian rabhi akanga 2004. Chokutanga - "The Revashumiri Minin uye Pozharsky", wechipiri - "Revashumiri Friendship".

Gore rakatevera, 2005, vakanga paakavapa ari "Revashumiri Petra Velikogo", iyo inopiwa ushingi uye ushingi pachiitwa mabasa vehurumende kana zvechiuto uye mabasa kubatsira kusimbiswa Russia uye menduru "Makore 60 Kukunda muna Second World War."

Muna 2006, rimwe Russian rabhi akapa Golden Badge "Public Recognition", uye ari 2014th - the Order "Nokuti munorumbidzirweiko".

Berl Lazar uye Chabad

Nyika yose anoziva kuti zvino Chabad kufamba. Umbwa muzana remakore rechi18 kuti kuparadzira dzidziso Torah nouchenjeri, nokunzwisisa uye ruzivo, mumakore achangopfuura zvava reactionary, chii, ita kuvanza chokwadi ichi, kutaura paruzhinji kutaura, dzimwe nhengo kufamba. Zvikurukuru, vanoti kuti vaJudha - chaiwo vanhu, vakasarudzwa, vatsvene uye vamwe vose vanofanira kusarudzwa. The Russian anotungamirira sangano Lazar Berl. Chabad kumeso hakukodzeri pamwe youtsinye uye Fascism. Chief Rabbi rinomirira rugare coexistence marudzi, apo vachitsvaka maximize kuvandudzika zvinhu kwevaJudha. Anoda abate mumwe vaverengwe, sezvo chokwadi chokuti ake co-vezvitendero munyika musha zvinopfuura kuverenga sezvo renhoroondo nenhamba.

kubvumidza

Izvi izwi iri evanhu kunoreva kubvumirawo zvimwe zvakasiyana pepfungwa uye tsika. Muna 2012, kuitwa Berl Lazar muna Marina Grove yakavhurwa Center kuti Kushivirira, uko nokukurumidza yakabuda bazi Russian Gosbiblioteki. Ikoko unogona kwereta mabasa Schneerson, wokupedzisira Jesu pamusoro Chabad. Book Berel Lazar kwakaitawo akawana nzvimbo yaro iri Center. Kubvumidzwa kushandisa raibhurari vokuRussia zvose. Izvi hazvigoni asi kufara.

Bhuku iri reRussia chikuru rabhi

Nhamba huru kusawirirana uye kuramba vari Russian muvanhu akakonzera bhuku ane munyori Berl Lazar. "Russia wechiJudha" - saka chinonzi. basa iri rakanyorwa nechiHebheru, asi unogona kuwana Russian shanduro wacho zvitsauko. Zvimwe zvinhu zviri mairi, ingangokushamisa. Zvechokwadi, zvinokwanisika kuti zvose mududziro zvakaipa. Unogona kuwana nokuverenga chepakutanga.