Potassium thiocyanate - ane muchetura fuma inoshandiswa Analytical kemisitiri

Potassium thiocyanate (yazvino IUPAC Nomenclature - potassium thiocyanate) - crystals pasina ruvara uye kunhuhwirira; mu dzakarukwa zvakanaka yakakamurwa Wana chena. The fuma ine shungu kuravira kunzwa, ndizvo muchetura. Potassium thiocyanate iri zvikuru soluble mu zvokufembedzwa zhinji, zvakadai semvura, panyaya iyi, uye amyl doro.

mutambo

Mukomboni rakagadzirirwa chete nemakemikari nzira kusiyana nayo kubva dzinongoitika zvinyorwa (ropa uye mate vanhu) - zvinodhura chaizvo. Kuti synthesize kuti potassium thiocyanate, zvakakodzera kuti kusanganisa zvinogadzirisa pamusoro Ammonium thiocyanate uye potassium hydroxide (vanhuwo zita - potassium hydroxide).

Experiment akanga akatakurwa achiburitswa kunze pasi Hood, nokuti amoniya kunogona kukonzera zvemakemikari kutsva uye chepfu; ipapo filtration of Yakanatswa mhinduro yakanga Ipwa uye vakasara kupa crystals yacho achida fuma. Kana goho chigadzirwa kune makumi manomwe kubva muzana uye zvakakwana Ammonium thiocyanate yakaisvonaka mharidzo, nzira iyi inoshanda chaizvo.

Imwe nzira isuferi yakapambadzirwa pamwe potassium cyanide, asi yakadai kwacho achigadzirira potassium thiocyanate rakanyatsojeka ngozi nemhaka mukuru toxicity pakati cyanide.

kunyoresa

Zvinoshanda potassium thiocyanate, nomukaka dzaro, uye negadziriso vane zvakasiyana kuwanda munhu sectors shoma. Somuenzaniso:

• Textile indasitiri.
• Photographic firimu.
• Organic kwetunhu.
• Analytical kemesitiri.

Areas mashandisiro

1. Muna Whitehead Textile indasitiri. potassium thiocyanate inotoda inoshandiswa etching munyama, semuenzaniso - sirika, panguva kushanda uye kubata kuchengetedza kutanga ehupfumi kwemashoko acho.
2. In Organic kwetunhu. Kubva potassium thiocyanate synthesized mamwe makemikari zvinhu, zvakadai thiourea, imwe chakaita zvokugadzirwa kwetsanga mafuta uye madhayi siyana. Also yakawanikwa tichibatsirwa dzimwe thiocyanates, semuenzaniso - mhangura thiocyanate-2.
3. In Analytical wekemisitiri, potassium thiocyanate inotoda rakashandiswa kutsunga cations ose trivalent simbi iri acho. An muenzaniso yokufananidzira ndiyo zvingaitwa, unosanganisira potassium thiocyanate uye ferric chloride-3, anonziwo "ropa nemvura", pane uyo purplish-tsvuku potassium hexacyanoferrate 3; Zvakajairika zita - red ropa munyu. Thiocyanates yaishandiswawo kupatsanurwa zvisingawanzoitiki nesimbi akadai thorium uye lanthanum. Thiocyanate, potassium chloride uye mondo manjemanje inobatsira iri kugadzirwa chakagadzirwa ropa kinosomok, asi nzira iyi anoenda rwenzira nokuda pakusuma ari firimu kugadzirwa kombiyuta Graphics.
4. Mune zvokurima, kubva zvinogadzirisa vakawana Thiocyanates zvipembenene simba. Pane zvinhu zviviri zvinogona kuita:

• First - kugamuchira gasi thiocyano kuburikidza deleting potassium munyu; Rodan ari gasi ngozi zvikuru zvose zvipenyu uye kashoma kushandiswa.
• Chechipiri - Kuparadzwa potassium thiocyanate, nokuchengeta akasunungura panguva hydrolysis tsianovodorodnoy asidhi uye oxidation of zvichizoita fuma kuti cyanogen. Cyan - kwete zvishoma chepfu, asi zvikuru rinorema gasi richienzaniswa Rodan, uye saka kazhinji rinoshandiswa sechinhu zvipembenene.

Potassium thiocyanate chinhu hunokachidza fuma inouraya dose anenge 0,9 magiramu yamarudzi chete kilogram kurema muviri pamusoro nomumukanwa gadziriro mukomboni.

kuwanikwa

potassium thiocyanate inogona kutengwa chero chitoro mishonga, asi muzvinhu zviduku kwazvo nokuda panzvimbo yakakwirira toxicity. Avhareji yemari ari reagent - rubles mana chete kilogram, nokutengesa zvikurukuru achingopiwa nepondo pamunhu maviri.

chibatiso

Nokuda kwayo toxicity, potassium thiocyanate inofanira kuchengetwa mune Mamiriro ezvinhu maererano yakachengeteka mirayiro kubata zvine chepfu:

1. Crystals uye negadziriso kuti potassium thiocyanate zvachose hazvitenderwi anwa uye zvikuru pamamiriro ingress Dzacho rurefu pfungwa yacho inokosha fuma kuti ganda.
2. Pasinei nokuti mushonga chepfu chete kana kushandisa basa mukati pamwe fuma iri vanodiwa inogadziriswa rabha Magorovhosi Chipfeko yezvirwere jasi, uye, sezvo vane mishonga zvose vawane kuchengeteka zvinodiwa.
3. Zvakakodzera agopfigira zvinobva nevana uye vanhu vasina zivo mukoti sezvo inogona kukonzera zvisingafadzi zviitiko nokurasikirwa reagents, kushandisa, uye kufirwa.
4. Sezvo nonflammable fuma uye zvakakwana kugadzikana mudenga, zvinokwanisika kutarisira kuchengetera fuma iri murima. kabati yakaoma. Dzivisa dzakakwirira mwando yakananga chezuva, sezvo zvinogona kuitika nokuda kuparara reagent manyowa kuti chikamu chayo zvikamu. Uyewo mureza NFPA 704 orthorhombic Kunyora ane zvinotevera zviratidzo: 3 0 0 W, sezvamakaropafadzwa 3 (yebhuruu lozenge) - toxicity, 0 (nokuti tsvuku yellow) - flammability uye reactivity, uye W - mucherechedzo kuti kudyidzana nemvura, iyo inobudiswa muchetura thiocyanic acid.

Uye yeuka, kwemakemikari - zviri kunoshamisa uye akasiyana, asi haana kurega matanho okuzvidzivirira!