Political mufananidzo Heydar Aliyev: Biography, inobudisa zvinhu uye zvinonakidza zvinhu

Aliev Geydar Alireza oğlu (akaberekwa 05/10/23 muna Nakhichevan, Azerbaijan - 12.12.03 vakafa Cleveland, USA) - Azerbaijani yokutungamirira, uyo makore 30 kwave rimwe zvikuru enyika munyika sezvo mutevedzeri uye sachigaro Republican KGB, Republican Secretary yeutongi bato uye utongi uye anomanikidza mutungamiri akazvimirira Azerbaijan.

Mafuta Nagorno-Karabakh

Heydar Aliyev, ane Biography kwapera pazera makore 80, akanga ari musoro Azerbaijan kubva 1969 (ine pfupi zororo) kusvikira October 2003 uye yave wakashandurwa kubva mutungamiri webato Brezhnev yaitonga ari noushamwari dzokuMadokero vezvematongerwo. Panguva yokutonga kwake rakayeukwa nezviitiko zviviri: kutengeswa reCaspian mafuta (pamwe "Contract of Century mujeri) uye anopesana Armenia pamusoro nharo ndima Nagorno-Karabakh - imwe Enclave mukati Azerbaijan rine vazhinji Armenian vakawanda.

Purezidhendi yakazvimirira mamiriro Aliyev kurimwa mufananidzo muvandudzi. Zvisinei, vazhinji, achayeuka iye sezvo munhu akatungamirira nyika asingaremekedzi dzevanhu, apo akatanga akapfeka mukuru uori hwakapararira.

Heydar Aliyev: Biography

Morning - Azerbaijani. Mwanakomana njanji mushandi Aliyev akaberekwa Nakhichevan, ari Azerbaijani exclave kuArmenia. Akapedza kudzidza kubva munhoroondo mano Baku State University uye ipapo Industrial Institute. Munguva pakati 1941 uye 1944. Aliyev yawana enyika makabatisisa pambiru imwe mukuru wamambo of Communist Party mu yekwake. Kumavambo ake basa, iye nepaburi retsono kudzingwa kwake pashure mhosva pabonde pedyo kumahombekombe chete vhoti chete.

zita rake uye nzvimbo Aliyev ashandira KGB, achifumira kuburikidza panhengo Azerbaijan State Security Service kwemakumi emakore maviri asati akava mutevedzeri musoro sangano muna 1964 uye akatungamirira wake makore matatu gare gare.

Muna 1969, Heydar Aliyev akagadzwa munyori Communist Party pakati Azerbaijan rokutanga. Biography of mutungamiriri akaita zvokuvhoterwa muna 1982, zvabatsira zvinoitirwawo kumutswa kwake wenguva nhengo Politburo of CPSU Central Committee. Aliyev chaizvo kuchenjerera mukubata anorichengeta ake akava mumwe ake vatsigiri dzapedyo. To Brezhnev akashanyira Baku muna 1982, somuenzaniso, akavaka muzinda kushandisa Munyori General pachake. Mutungamiriri Soviet kwaivapo maviri neusiku, pashure iyo mumuzinda yakavharwa.

manyadzo

Kugadzwa Mikhail Gorbachev somutungamiriri Soviet muna 1985 kwakaratidza nomusiyano kuchinja zvematongerwo enyika kutapwa Aliyev. Kusema mumapeji akadhindwa reDare Central Committee of CPSU, "Pravda" nokuda uori panguva kugadzirisa, akava mumwe vokutanga - varindi yekare. Muna 1987, Gorbachev akanga vakamutorera chigaro chake muna Politburo, uye kumanikidzwa kusiya pambiru yake sezvo mukuru Communist Party pakati Azerbaijan. Zvaiita kuti basa rake rakanga rapera. Nguva pfupi asati wake akafa Geydara Alieva.

Biography Gwaro zvakare chokuita Nakhichevan - zviri ikoko, mururimi guta rake, uye Heydar kwenguva ichidzokera. Muna 1990, pamwe ake political unhu acumen Aliyev basa kubva Communist Party, inonzi vachinyunyuta zvakaitika Black January, apo Soviet dzehondo kungoitwa Baku uye vanhuwo zvavo vakawanda vakaurayiwa.

rusununguko

Return negwaro akanga nokukurumidza nokuda nokukurumidza kunyudza Azerbaijan ari mamiriro yomunyika mhirizhonga kubva rusununguko muna 1991 uye kukundikana kuzadzisa kukurumidza kukunda muna Nagorno-Karabakh. Muna 1992, Abulfaz Elchibey, mutungamiri Popular Front, uyo akatungamirira Bato rusununguko, akava nevanhu akasarudzwa mutungamiri wokutanga, asi akaramba simba mutungamiri.

Hurongwa yaisagona ngaidzoswe, uye Heydar Aliyev akakumbirwa kutsigira hurumende iri Baku. Biography Gwaro akaita shure jeko jana. Kana muna June 1993 Elchibey akamanikidzwa kutiza guta guru, mushure vakaedza kubvuta masimba, Aliev akava kuita mutungamiri. Akaenda mberi kubata kubvuta masimba kudzivirira yevagari hondo, uye hwakasimbiswa sezvo mukuru nyika kuburikidza referendum rakaitirwa October wegore iroro.

Head wehurumende

Yakakura ikava ropa danho pasi Aliyev Karabakh hondo. Paakasvika simba, ivo vokuArmenia akasimbisa nzvimbo dzavo yaigarwa ndima kuAzerbaijan, asi nezviito zvechiuto zvaisaitwa kupedzwa. Muna December 1993, Aliyev zvakare akatanga kuita renguva pamwero rechiuto oparesheni, urwo rwakatora kwemwedzi 18. Zvaive munguva iyi akarasika zvakawanda 30.000 vakaurayiwa muhondo. Somugumisiro yokurwisana 750,000 Azerbaijanis dzakamanikidzwa kusiya misha yavo.

Aliyev akanga utsinye vake political vavengi. Akasimbisa simba rake, achiisa pfungwa munzvimbo shamwari dzake kubva Nakhichevan. Pasinei kukura Kusagutsikana nehurumende kuti kukundikana kwayo kuwana chichagadzirisa dambudziko Nagorno Karabakh kana kukurira socio-upfumi zvakazokonzerwa hondo, pasinei dzose uori pevakuru, Aliyev yave kukwanisa kure waibva kuruzhinji Kusagutsikana. Muna October 1998, mutemo wakanga kuzodzosera akasarudzwa pamwe 76% of sarudzo, apo mapoka kushorwa uye vanoona dzakawanda zvinombokunetsa Mvumo iri mugumisiro.

geopolitics

Aliev aiva kwehwamanda kadhi iri muchimiro mafuta pfuma kweGungwa reCaspian, uyewo aiva nemano kufamba nenzira yakaoma chaizvo geopolitical inovhiringidza Caucasus, wakapupura pamusoro ake enyika acumen. Relations pamwe United States uye Western Europe inechirevo kusaina of 1997 chibvumirano pamwe International Oil rakapiwa, izvo zvakapa vokumadokero Makambani chihombe mubasa kweGungwa reCaspian. Pamwe Hofori vatorwa mafuta, vakawanda kusara ne "British Petroleum", Aliyev vakava mumwe kutyaira mauto ari kukura Mapaipi Baku-Ceyhan Mapaipi, izvo ndehwokuti kuendesa mafuta reCaspian kuWest Via Georgia uye Turkey.

Izvi Mapaipi chirongwa wakasimbisa kare kusvinwa Rara Moscow, asi musoro Azerbaijan akakwanisa kunzvenga yakakwana yokuzorora. Ukama pakati penyika mbiri dzakanga yakaderera pamwero panguva yapurezidhendi Borisa Eltsina, asi kana simba kuRussia auya kudzidza KGB, Vladimir Putin, Heydar Aliyev, uyo Biography akanga musangano uyu akakwanisa noukama. The wezvematongerwe enyika zvakare nezvezvandaifanira asika noushamwari hwakasimba Turkey. Relations pamwe Iran, inova musha vanenge mamiriyoni 14. Ethnic Azerbaijanis kutsigira pachena Armenia, munguva yokutonga kwake, zvishoma nezvishoma richarova.

chigaro

Aliev haana kuitawo sarudzo October 2003, dzichishandisa utano murombo. Rakanga wokutanga dynastic kutsivana mune yaimbova Soviet Union, kana mutungamiri nomwanakomana wake Ilham. OSCE akati kuti sarudzo haana zvinodiwa dzakawanda, zvichiteverwa mhirizhonga.

Nepo Aliyev uye aitaura mamiriro utano hwavo, hapana kuratidza munhu Kuipa chepfungwa ake mano. Akaramba kusvikira pakuguma jeko uye akangwara nhamba.

12.12.03 akafa mutungamiriri Azerbaijani vanhu Aliev Geydar Alievich. Biography Gwaro yakakanganiswa panguva Cleveland Clinic iri US. Heydar akavigwa mukoto yeKubwinya muna Baku.

Heydar Aliyev: Biography, mhuri

Muna 1948, remangwana enyika akaroorwa Zarifa Aziz. October 12, 1955 vaiva mwanasikana Sevil, uye December 24, 1961 mwanakomana Ilham. Vana vakapona baba vavo. Mudzimai, yakakurumbira ophthalmologist, purofesa, academician of Academy of Sciences pakati kuAzerbaijan, akafa nekenza muna 1985.

The aifarira-Western mudzvanyiriri

Chokwadi kuti yekare KGB mukuru akava aifarira-British chairo akamisa, zvakanga kunonyanya kukonzerwa inokosha basa kuti yawana kuAzerbaijan kambani "British Petroleum". Tarisiro vachichinja hombe matura mafuta uye gasi munyika yaro budiriro mari zvisinganyanyi novimba Mapaipi kuburikidza Georgia uye Turkey, kuzorwa nawo Russia ainzwa asina kufarira.

Mumwe zana apfuura, Baku aiva mafuta guta guru munyika, uye vamwe vakarasikirwa kubwinya rakadzorerwa nhasi. Kuzarurwa reserves itsva uye hombe akabvumira Aliyev kubudirira, vanenge guru, mumwe mwero kubudirira, achiteverwa zvakasimba containment enyika kuparadzana. Uye mwanakomana wake vakatsigira tichimhanya iyi upfumi mberi.

Kufunga chii inoshamisa mufananidzo wechikoro yekare Soviet akanga Aliev Geydar Alireza, ake Biography, rine nayo pane hafu zvaaiziva, angadai akaita rakakura kunzwisisa kwedu yaitonga, izvo zvinoita kure kure.

chinokudza

Aliyev akanga paakavapa anoverengeka mibayiro uye Medals, mibayiro dzakawanda, akasarudzwa chiremba dzidzo yepamusoro masangano unokudzwa munyika dzakawanda.

Ndiye kashanu anokudza murayiro Lenin, sezvakarayirwa Red Star agamuchira, Medals zhinji, uye Medals kuti dzimwe nyika. Akanga kaviri paakavapa musoro Hero pamusoro Socialist Labor.

Muna 1997, Aliyev akanga paakavapa soro Ukrainian Order Yaroslava Mudrogo muna 1999 akagamuchira Turkish Ataturk Peace Prize uye musoro Honorary Professor of Moscow State University.

Muna 2003, Aliyev akasarudzwa muzvinafundo uye nhengo azere Academy of Security, Defense uye dzepamutemo dzemunharaunda yeRussian Federation nyaya. Akanga paakavapa murayiro Andropov uye Andreya Pervozvannogo.

Muna 2004, zvakanga akasikwa Geydara Alieva Foundation. Biography yokutungamirira, wakagadzirirwa ne Institute of History of Academy of Sciences pakati kuAzerbaijan, yakabudiswa muna 2013.