Peltier module: tsanangudzo

Iyo thermocouple (Peltier module) inoshanda pamutemo unopesana nemigumisiro ye thermocouple, kuonekwa kwekusiyana kwekushisa kana magetsi emhepo achiyerera.

Nhengo yePeltier inoshanda sei?

Zviri nyore kushandisa Peltier module, iyo inofanira kubvisa kana kutora kupisa panguva yekubatana kwezvinhu zvakasiyana kana ikozvino ichipfuura nayo . Ihukuru hwemhepo inoyerera ye electrons mushure mokunge mushure mokubatana yakasiyana. Kana zvakasara zvishoma, ipapo pane kupisa. Apo magetsi ekubatana ari kuderedzwa nemunda wegetsi, vanoendesa simba rekunyora kune kristal lattice, kuchiipisa. Kana ikakurumidza kupisa, kupisa kunoputika. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti chikamu chemasimba chinotorwa kubva ku crystal lattice uye kunopisa kwayo kunoitika.

Kumwero mukuru, ichi chiitiko chinowanikwa mune semiconductors, iyo inotsanangurwa nemusiyano mukuru uripo.

Iyo Peltier module, kushandiswa kweiyo ndiyo nyaya yekuongorora kwedu, inoshandiswa mukukudziridza mafaira ekugadzirisa thermoelectric (TEM). Izvo zvakanyanya pane zvayo zvinosanganisira semiconductors maviri yep uye n nendima, yakabatana mumaketani kuburikidza nemhangura shamwari.

Kana ma electroni achifamba kubva semiconductor "p" kusvika "n", paanotanga kushandiswa nesimbi bhiriji vanodzidza nekubudiswa kwesimba. Shanduko inotevera kubva ku semiconductor "p" kusvika kune mudzidzisi wemhangura inoperekedzwa ne "kuvhenekera" magetsi kuburikidza nehutano nemugetsi wemagetsi. Izvi zvinoguma nekugadzirisa simba uye kunotonhora kwemainzvimbo yakakomberedzwa. Saizvozvowo, zvirongwa zvinowanzoitika pane zvinotevera.

Nehurongwa hwehutsvene uye hwakatsvaira mazano mumapurogiramu akasiyana-siyana, kugona kunoitwa nenzira yacho kuchawanikwa. Semiconductors yakaitwa selenium, bismuth, antimony kana tellurium. Peltier module inogadzira nhamba yakawanda ye thermocouples yakaiswa pakati pe ceramic nitride kana alumina plates.

Zvimwe zvinokanganisa kushanda kweTES

• Iye zvino simba.
• Nhamba ye thermocouples (kusvika kune mazana akawanda).
• Mitambo ye semiconductors.
• Kuchenesa kasi.

Maitiro makuru haasati awanikwa kuburikidza nehutano hwakanaka (5-8%) uye mari yakakwirira. Kuti TEM ishande zvakanaka, zvinodiwa kuti ivimbise kushandiswa kwehutano hwakanaka kubva kune rumwe rutivi rwakatsamwa. Izvi zvinobatanidza matambudziko mumararamiro anoitwa nenzira iyo. Kana ukashandura chimiro, mapando anotonhora uye anopisa anochinja mumwe nomumwe.

Kubatsira uye kuipa kwema modules

Chido cheTEM chikaonekwa nekuuya kwemichina yekugadzira magetsi inoda miniature kuporesa zvirongwa. Zvakanakira ma modules ndezvi:

• Compactness;
• Kutadza kwekubatanidza mafoni;
• Iyo Peltier module ine chirevo chekudzokorora apo hunyoro hunochinja;
• Kunyoresa kwechikwata chekukwanisa kubatana kwemasimba anowedzera.

Iko kusakosha kukuru kwemu module kunoshandiswa zvakanaka. Izvi zvinoratidzwa muhuwandu hwesimba apo chinoda kuporesa chinogadzirisa. Mukuwedzera, ine mari yakakwirira.

TEM application

Peltier module inoshandiswa kunyanya kudonhodza chips uye zviduku. Kutanga kwaive kwakagadzirirwa zvinhu zvinotonhora zvezvombo zvehondo:

• Microcircuits;
• Infrared detectors;
• Elements of lasers;
• Quartz generator.

Peltier thermoelectric module zvishoma nezvishoma yakatanga kushandiswa mudzimba dzemagetsi: pakusikwa kwefriji, air conditioners, generator, thermostats. Chinangwa chayo chikuru ndechokukonzera zviduku.

CPU kuporesa

Izvo zvikamu zvekombiyuta zvinoramba zvichivandudzwa, izvo zvinoita kuti kuwedzere pakupisa kupera. Pamwe chete navo, zvirwere zvinotonhora zvinokurudzirwa nekushandiswa kwemichina inoshandiswa, uye ine nzira dzemazuva ano dzekutonga. Peltier module application munharaunda iyi inowanikwa zvikuru mukudonhora kwe microcircuits nezvimwe zvikamu zveredhiyo. Nekumanikidzirwa kwemakumbo ekupfekedzwa kwe microprocessors tsika dzekugadzirisa hazvigoni kurarama zvakare. Uye kuwedzerwa kutengesa kwepurogiramu kunoita kuti zvikwanise kuwedzera nguva yavo.

Kuwedzera kukurumidza kwevhiri kunoita kuti ruzha rukuru. Inobviswa kuburikidza uchishandisa Peltier module mumubatanidzwa wekugadzirisa. Nenzira iyi, makambani ekufambisa akakurumidza kuongorora kugadzirwa kwehutano hwakanaka hwehutano hwakasviba.

Nekugadzirisa, kupisa kunowanzopiwa ne coolers. Mhepo inoyerera inogona kunwa kubva kunze kana kubva mukati memutambo wesangano. Dambudziko guru nderokuti kutonhorera kwemweya dzimwe nguva hakukwanisi kuti kupisa kunyura. Saka, temberi dzakashandiswa kuporesa kutenderera kwenyika kupinda muhurongwa hwehurongwa, zvichiita kuti kuwedzere kushanda kwekutsvaga kwekupisa. Nokudaro, yakavakwa mukati memhepo yakagadzikana inobatsira kumitambo yekombiyuta kuporesa.

Pamativi ose maviri emu module yacho yakagadzirwa nealuminium radiator. Kune rumwe rutivi rwepando inotonhorera, mhepo inoputirwa kuenda kunotonhorera kuti inotonhora. Mushure mekunge atora kupisa, imwe pfuti inoiputira kuburikidza nemvura inopisa yemucheka unopisa wemujiyo.

Yemazuva ano TEM inodzorwa nemagetsi ejecha ine sendima inotonhora, uko chiyero chekukonzera chinokonzerwa nekupisa kwepurosesa.

Kushandiswa kwekugadzirisa kupora kunokonzerawo zvimwe zvinetso.

1. Simple Peltier cooling modules yakagadzirirwa kushanda. Nekuderedza simba kweshandiso, kupisa kupisa kunowedzerawo, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kristall overcooling uye inotevera CPU yakanamatira.
2. Kana basa remhepo inotonhorera uye firiji isinganyatsogadziriswa, iyo yekupedzisira inogona kupinda mukunatsa mafashoni panzvimbo yekunonoka. Mhedziso yehuwandu hunopisa huchaita kuti processor iwedzere.

Nokudaro, mapurogiramu emazuva ano anoda hutungamiri hwekugadzirisa hutsika nekugadzirisa ma modules ivo pachavo. Saizvozvowo kushandiswa kwekushandisa ma modes hakuitike nemakadhi evhidhiyo, izvo zvinodawo kupisa zvakanyanya. Saka, TEM ndiyo yakanaka kwavari.

Auto-frijiri nemaoko

Pakati pezana remakore rapfuura, indasitiri yezvokudya yakaedza kujekesa kugadzirwa kwemafiriji maduku maererano nePeltier effect. Iko maikorogiramu akawanikwa panguva iyoyo haana kubvumira izvi. Iye zvino zvinodzivirira ndezvomutengo mukuru, asi kuedza kuri kuenderera mberi, uye kubudirira kwave kwatowanikwa.

Kubudiswa kwakakura kwezvinhu zvinoshandiswa ne thermoelectric kukubvumira kuti uumbe nemaoko ako piriji firiji, yakakodzera kushandisa mumotokari. Nheyo yaro ndiyo "sandwich", inoitwa nenzira inotevera.

1. Mhando yehutu hunopisa hutsika hweKPT-8 rudzi hunoshandiswa kune yepamusoro radiator uye Peltier module inotevedzwa kune rumwe rutivi rwekotamic pamusoro.
2. Saizvozvowo, imwe radiator yakaiswa kune iyo kubva kurutivi rwezasi, inotarisirwa kuiswa mune firiji.
3. Iyo yose inoshandiswa yakasimba yakaomesa uye yakaomeswa kwemaawa 4-5.
4. Pamwe mairi radiator mafungiro akaiswa: iyo yepamusoro ichabvisa kupisa, uye yakadzika - inofanidza kutonhora mune imwe firiji.

Iyo firiji muviri inoumbwa nesimbi yekudzivirira-kupisa mukati. Zvakakosha kuti yakanyatsovharwa. Kuti uite izvi, iwe unogona kushandisa chigadzirwa chepurasitiki bhokisi.

Iko 12 V inopa iyo inopiwa kubva pamotokari. Inogona kugadzirwa kubva ku 220 V AC mains, ane simba rekushandisa. Chirongwa chekushandura AC kusvika DC ndicho chakanyanyisa. Iine bhudzi rinogadzirisa uye rinopisa-shandisa capacitor. Zvakakosha kuti hazvipfuuri 5% yezvinyorwa zvinotarisirwa pamutengo wacho, zvisinei kuti zvinobudirira zvechigadzirwa zvakaderedzwa. Muchina wacho une zvigaro zviviri zvematare mavara. Kuti rutsvuku nguva dzose runobatanidza "pamwe", kusvika kusiri - "bvisa".

Simba reTIME rinofananidza nehuwandu hwebhokisi. Nhamba yekutanga nhamba yezvikamu zvinomwe inoreva kuti nhamba yezvikamu zviviri zve semiconductor trace zvinhu mukati memutsetse (49-127 nezvimwe). Mazuva ano simba rinoratidzwa nemajeri maviri okupedzisira ekucherechedza (kubva 3 kusvika ku15 A). Kana simba racho risina kukwana, unoda kubatanidza mumwe mudziyo pamashirairi.

Teererai! Kana ikozvino ichipfuura simba rechikamu, inopisa kumativi maviri uye nokukurumidza inokundikana.

Peltier module: jenereta yemagetsi

TEM inogona kushandiswa kugadzira magetsi. Kuti uite izvi, tanga musiyano wekushisa pakati pemahwendefa, uye iyo thermocouples iri pakati pavo inobereka magetsi magetsi.

Kuti ushandise zvakakodzera, unoda TEM yevanenge 5 V. Zvadaro inogona kushandiswa kutengesa foni. Pamusana pekushanda kwepasi kwePeltier module, shanduro ye DC-to-DC inodiwa. Kuvaka jenereta waunoda:

• 2 modules Peltier TES1-12705 nehukuru hwemahwendefa 40x40 mm;
• Mutengesi EK-1674;
• Aluminium mahwendefa ane 3 mm;
• Pani yemvura;
• Kupisa-kusagadzikana kumatira.

Pakati pemahwendefa aya akaiswa maviri modules pane glue, uye iyo yose yakagadzirirwa pasi pepani. Kana ikazara nemvura uye inopisa moto, uchawana kusiyana kwekushisa kwakakodzera, kuumba EMF inenge inenge 1.5 V. Nokubatanidza ma modules kumugadziri wekusimudzira, zvinokwanisika kuwedzera huwandu kusvika kuV 5 V inofanirwa kuvhara bhetori refoni.

Izvo zvakanyanya kusiyana kwekushisa pakati pemvura uye nechepasi yakatsamwa, iyo inowedzera iyo jenereta. Nokudaro, tinofanira kuedza kuderedza kupisa kwemvura nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana: kuite kuti iyerere, kutora nguva yakawanda nehutsva, nezvimwewo. Nzira dzakakosha dzekuwedzera kusiyana kwekushisa ndiko kukonzera ma modules pavanenge vakagadzirirwa pane imwe. Kuwedzerwa huwandu hwehutachiona hwechigadzirwa hunokubvumira kuisa mahwendefa mazhinji pakati peplate uye nokudaro kuwedzera simba rose.

Iyo jenereta simba richakwaniririra kutenga mabhatri maduku, basa rezviedza zve LED kana redio receiver. Teererai! Kuumba jenereta yehutori unoda modules inogona kushanda pa 300-400 ⁰ C! Vamwe vose vanokodzera kuongerwa miedzo.

Kusiyana nedzimwe nzira dzehumwe simba rekugadzira simba, vanogona kushanda pavanenge vachifambisa, kana iwe uchigadzira chimwe chinhu sechinhu chinokonzera moto.

Domestic Peltier modules

Temberi yekubudiswa kwayo yakaonekwa mumisika yedu kwete kare kare. Izvo zvakanyanya kuvimbika uye zvine maitiro akanaka. The Peltier module, iyo inoda zvakanyanya, inokwana 40x40 mm. Iyo yakagadzirirwa yepamusoro parizvino ye 6 A uye gasi rinenge kusvika 15 V.

Dzimba Peltier module inogona kutengwa nemutengo muduku. Nesimba rinoshandiswa re 85 Watts, rinoita kudonha kwechando ye 60 ^° C. Pamwe chete nekunaya kunokwanisa kudzivirira kubva pakupisa purogiramu ne simba rakaputsika re 40 Watts.

Zviratidzo zvemamodules emakambani anotungamirira

Zvombo zvekune dzimwe nyika zvinomiririrwa pamusika mune zvakasiyana-siyana. Kuti dzivirire mapurisa emakambani anotungamirira, Peltier module inoshandiswa sefriji RAX56V, mutengo waro uri $ 35 ne fan.

Nekukura kwema 30x30 mm, iyo inochengetedza kushambidzika kwepurosesa isingasviki kupfuura 63 ^° C neine simba rinobva 25 watts. Kupa zvakakwana magetsi 5 V, uye ikozvino haisi kudarika 1.5 A.

Iyo Peltier PA6EXB module, iyo inopa hutano hunodiwa hwekushisa nesimba nekuparara kwemhepo kweW 40 W, yakakodzerwa zvakanakira kuporesa purogiramu. Nzvimbo ye module yake 40x40 mm, uye inoshandiswa ikozvino inosvika ku8 A. Kuwedzera pamakiromita ayo anoshamisa - 60x60x52.5 mm (pamwe chete neti fan) - chimbo chinoda nzvimbo isina nzvimbo yakaipoteredza. Mutengo waro uri $ 65.

Apo Puleti yePeltier inoshandiswa, unyanzvi hwehutano hwePeltier module hunofanira kunge huchienderana nezvinodiwa zvezvigadzirwa zvakanatswa. Hazvigamuchirwe kuti vane hutsika hwakanyanya kutonhora. Izvi zvinogona kutungamirira pakugadzirisa hunyoro, izvo zvinokuvadza pamagetsi.

Modules for the production of generator, such as TES1-12706, TES1-12709, inoratidzwa nesimba guru - 72 W uye 108 W maererano. Ivo vanozivikanwa nekucherechedza, nguva dzose kushandiswa kune rumwe rutivi rwakatsva. Iyo yakawanda inogamuchirwa inotenderwa yerutivi runopisa iri 150-160 ^° C. Kusiyana kukuru kwekushisa pakati pemahwendefa, iyo yakakwirira iyo inokonzerwa nemhepo. Chigadzirwa chacho chinoshanda pahupamhi hwekushisa kwema 600 ^° C.

Iyo Peltier module inogona kutengwa zvisingatengi-inenge $ 10 kana pasi pasi pechikamu, kana zvakanaka kutarisa. Kazhinji, vatengesi vanodarika mari, asi iwe unogona kuwana nguva dzakawanda dzinodhura, kana iwe uchitenga pane kutengesa.

Mhedziso

Iyo Peltier effect yakawana kushanda panguva ino mukusikwa kwemafiriji maduku anodiwa nekambanikiti yemazuva ano. Kubudirira kwegadziriro inoita kuti zviboneke kugadzira michina ye microelectrode, iyo iri mukuda kwekubhadhara zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi.

Kusiyana nedzimwe nzira dzehumwe simba rekugadzira simba, vanogona kushanda pavanenge vachifambisa, kana chinogadzirisa hutori chiripo.