Pasi yenyika tsika. Kuumbwa kwenheyo yenyika

Nheyo dzemitemo yenyika ndeyero yezvinangwa zvemweya zvinowanikwa mune rumwe rutivi rwemadzinza, iyo inoratidzira maitiro ezvakamboitika uye zvakasiyana-siyana. Kakawanda, vanogadzirisawo maitiro evanhu pane zvekugara uye tsika-tsika dzechimiro. Zvisinei, tsika dzenyika dzinoita mabasa akawanda. Asi pamusoro pezvose zvakarongeka.

Nezve pfungwa

Kuumbwa kwezvinangwa zvekunamata zvakadai senheyo yenyika dzakakosha zvakaitika panguva yekuvandudzwa kwenhoroondo yehupenyu hwevanhu, maererano nemamiriro ekuti geopolitical yenyika.

Chinhu chinokosha ndechekuti zvakanyatsogadziriswa izvi zvinoratidza huzivi uye humwe hwevanhu veRussia, uyewo mararamiro ayo, tsika, tsika uye zvinodikanwa zvinodiwa. Mune mamwe mazwi, nheyo dzemitemo yenyika ndiyo nheyo yehupenyu hwemweya yevanhu vedu, kusanganisa kwehutsika hwakanaka uye maitiro.

Kakawanda, vanogadzirisa chinzvimbo chomugari wevanhu, vanoita ukama kunyika, pamwe neyekare, yezvino uye yeramangwana. Kakawanda kunzwisisa kwomunhu kwechinangwa chemweya uye kusava nehanya nemaonero avanoita kunomubatsira kuziva basa rake rekuchengetedza uye kuwedzera kuwedzera nhaka yenyika.

A bit of history

Izvo zvinokosha zvehurumende yenyika yeRussia, senhengo, yakatanga kuumbwa kubvira pakutanga kwema 90 ezana remakore rapfuura. Icho chinhu chiri nyore kukuyeuka, sezvo izvi zvinenge zvichienderana nekutaura kweRussia Federation senyika yekutonga.

Akange achifambidzanawo nekukakavadzana kunoshanda kwesayenzi. Icho chakakosha kushandiswa mumamiriro ezvinhu ehupfumi hwedu hwemutauro we "chido chenyika".

Muna 1992, paiva nechimwe chechokwadi. Mutemo we "On Security" wakagamuchirwa, uye waiva mubhuku rino kuti kusimbiswa kwakaiswa kukosha kwezvinhu zvinokosha zvevanhu, pamwe chete nehurumende uye yese yevanhu. Izvi zvakagadzirwa zvakanaka. Mushure mezvose, nerubatsiro rwavo, dambudziko rezvido zvenyika rakanyatsogadziriswa nekambani, asi panguva imwe chete, nzvimbo yakakosha, yakanyorwa yakapiwa maitiro.

Asi makore mana gare gare, muna 1996, muIndaneti pamusoro pe nat. Kuchengetedzwa kweMutungamiri weRussia Federation, Federal Assembly ine mamwe akasiyana-siyana, akajeka. Muchirevo icho izwi rokuti "zvido zvenyika" rakagadziriswa. Uye yakashandurwa kwete kwete chete iyo nheyo yakarongeka mumusana wekuumbwa kwemabasa ekunze kune dzimwe nyika uye yehurumende yenyika. Kubvira panguva iyo, zvinodiwa zvevanhu nemhuri yose zvakatanga kusarudzwa nemutauro uyu. Nzira yavo yakawedzerwa yakasarudzwa muChiratidzo che nat. Chengetedzo yeRussia Federation kubva muna 1997. Muna 2000, rugwaro rwacho rwakapedzerwa nemashoko ekududzirwa kwezvinhu zvenyika mumunda wemitemo yemuganhu.

Kutendeukira kuMutemo

Nheyo dzenyika dzinokosha dzevanhu vedu dzakagadzirirwa nehurumende yepamusoro. Sezvo tangoverenga Bumbiro reMitemo, pane zvinhu zvitanhatu zvekunamata.

Ikutanga inosanganisira kutaura kwekusununguka uye kodzero dzevanhu, uyewo hurumende yehukama uye hukama. Iri kukosha harisi kungoratidzwa chete mumutambo. Izvo, zvinokwanisika kutaura, leitmotif inopfuurira mumagwaro ose eMutemo. Uye munyaya yechipiri, yepamusoro-soro tsika dzakanyorwa. Zvinosanganisira munhu, rusununguko rwake uye kodzero.

Chimwe chinyorwa chinoratidza hurumende yeRussia inokosha inosanganisira kuzvitonga uye kuenzana kwevanhu, kutenda mukururamisira uye zvakanaka, pamwe nekuyeuka madzitateguru edu, izvo zvakatipa ruremekedzo uye rudo rweZimbabwe.

Nzira yechitatu yekunamata ndeyekusagadzikana kwema democracy uye mutongi wenyika. Kubudirira uye hupenyu huri munyika yebaba vedu hunofungidzirwa kuva yechina. Uye kune chechishanu - mutoro waro. Kugadziriswa kwekupedzisira, kunosanganisira murongwa wehutsika, ndiko kuziva kwechizvarwa chechikamu chenharaunda yenyika.

Mukuwedzera kune pamusoro apa, kuchengetedzwa kwevanhu, hupenyu hwavo uye rukudzo runoiswa kumusoro. Izvi zvakakoshawo kusimbisa kukosha kwemashoko akadaro sehutongi, tsika, hupfumi, hukama, hukama uye kutonga kwemutemo.

Zvose izvi ndizvo zvinokosha zvehurumende yeRussia. Izvo zvinowanzoonekwa sechirevo chinokosha kune vagari vemunyika yedu, uye kunyange kusvika pamwero wepasi rose.

Nharaunda nzvimbo

Nzira yezvinokosha zvehurumende yenyika inokosha zvikuru yenyika. Ndiyo nheyo inokosha yezvematongerwo enyika. Uye inopa kunzwisisa kwemashoko makuru ekusimudzirwa kworudzi rwose sehuse. Pasina izvi, kusimbisa kwesimba revanhu hazvibviri.

Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti rutivi rwemagariro ehurumende nemhando yaro harusi rudzi, asi hurumende-zvezvematongerwe enyika uye zvemagariro evanhu. Pane tsanangudzo yeizvi.

Chinhu ichi ndechekuti rudzi rune zvematongerwe enyika rwevagari veimwe nyika. Avo vanogara munharaunda yaro uye vanozvifunga ivo pachavo pasinei nemadzinza avo. Rudzi rwacho runoratidzira hupfumi nemitemo-yezvakaitika kare zvevanhu vanozviumba. Uye zvinorevawo kuchengetedza mutauro wekutaura kweperethnic, nzira yakagadzikana yehupenyu netsika. Zvose zviri pamusoro apa zvinoshandawo kunyika yedu, pasinei nekusiyana kwevanhu vanogara munharaunda yaro.

Zvido zveNyika zvinopindirana nezvinodiwa zvinokosha zvevanhu uye zvinangwa zvehurumende, izvo zvinoshandiswa mumitemo yevanhu. Izvi ndezvechokwadi zvemazuva ano. Iyi ndiyo nzira iyo hurumende inobatsira kune hupenyu hwehurumende yenyika. Mune zvematongerwe enyika izvi zvinodiwa nemitemo zvakagadziriswa nechishuvo chekupona, kufambira mberi kwenyika, uyewo nekuwedzera kwe simba renyika.

Kuumba maitiro

Zvakanaka, chii chinoreva pfungwa iyi mune zvematongerwe enyika zvakajeka. Iyezvino zvakakosha kuenda kune imwe nyaya yakadai sekuumbwa kwenheyo yenyika.

Kutanga, kukura mumweya uye mutsika uye kukura nhasi hazviiti mumhuri chete, asiwo muchikoro. Purogiramu iyo inowanikwa inokurudzirwa ichifunga nezvezvakaitika kare, tsika, tsika, maitiro, uyewo hupenyu hwehupfumi uye hwehupfumi hwemuhara. Zvikumbiro zvemhuri uye zvimwe zvidzidzo zvekudzidzisa zvinotorwawo zvakare.

Zvinonzwisisika, izvi zvidzidzo zvinotaurwa mu GEF. Nheyo dzemitemo yenyika dzinodzidziswa kuvadzidzi vepatanga redzidzo. Ndeipi iyo inonyanya kukosha munguva yose yezvidzidzo zvevanhu. Pari pacho chiitiko kuti vana vanobatana neRussia zvinokosha, vanotanga kuona kukosha kwemhuri, uyewo kuva vehumwe hukama hwevanhu, hwekupupura uye nedzinza.

Asi hazvisi zvose. Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti dzidzo yenheyo dzemitemo yenyika inofanira kuumbwa mumwana kwete rudo rweZimbabwe chete, asiwo kuremekedza maitiro uye tsika yemarudzi avo nevanhu. Kazhinji izvi zvinobatsira pakuvandudzika kwezvigadzirwa zvevadzidzi, zvinoita kuti vatore rumwe rudzi rwebasa. Kune vakawanda vanozivikanwa maitiro apo vanhu vakatanga nzira yavo kumimhanzi, vakafuridzirwa muhuduku hwavo nehutano hweTchaikovsky. Vasikana vakawanda vakangwara vakafuridzirwa neMaya Plisetskaya, uye mifananidzo yevashandi veRussia vashandi vakavhiringidza chido chevana kuti vadzidze kutora zvakanaka. Zvinosuruvarisa, munguva yezvinobudirira zvemichina yevana vemazuva ano, unyanzvi, zvisikwa uye hupfumi hwenyika hazvifariri zvikuru, sezvazvakanga zvakaita kare. Uye ichi ndicho chikonzero chinonyanya kukosha ndechekukosha kwenyika, maitiro ezvomudzimu uye tsika uye nekudzidziswa kwematsika uye tsika dzezvidzidzo.

Zvikwangwani zvekudzidzisa

Mukuenderera mberi kwechinyorwa chekuumbwa kwehutano hwepasi, zvakakosha kucherechedza nekunyanya kukoshesa kukosha kwomudzidzisi mune izvi. Basa rake guru nderokumhanyira kune zvose zvakataurwa kare nezvevadzidzi. Vana vane shungu pamusoro pehurukuro vachanzwisisa zvakanyanya zvakanyanya kufarira nyika, rusununguko, mabasa evanhu, vagari venyika.

Mudzidzisi anofanira kukwanisa kuvatsanangurira kuti chii chinotarisirwa nhengo yenyika. Basa nekusika, hutano nemhuri, mutemo nerukudzo, rudo uye zvakanaka ... chinangwa cheizvi nezvimwewo zvakawanda zvinofanira kuendeswa kuvadzidzi.

Zvakakoshawo kutsanangurira tsika kune vadzidzi, izvo zvinoratidza kuenderera mberi kwehupenyu hwevanhu veRussia kuburikidza nedzidzo, dzidzo uye kuzviziva. Vanobatsira kuwedzera ruzivo pamusoro pevanhu vavo. Mushure mezvose, mazororo akawanda, zvinangwa, tsika, tsika uye tsika ndezvenyika zvese . Sezvo vadzidza nhoroondo yezvinoitika zvavo, zvinokwanisika kuona ruzivo uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvevanhu veRussia.

Mabasa emitemo yenyika

Vanofanirwawo kuonekwa nehanya. Sezvakataurwa kare, pane zvakawanda zvinoshanda nemitemo. Asi kana tichitaura nezvenharaunda yezvidzidzo, zvishoma chete zvinokosha kupfuura zvose zvinobuda pachena.

Izvo zvidzidzo zvehurumende munyika mukugadzirwa ndezvokuti pane tsika dzakakwirira dzakabatanidza marudzi ose emadzinza anogara munharaunda yeRussian Federation. Vanobatanidza mavari ivo vose vekare, vemazuva ano uye remangwana revanhu vedu, uyewo vanotarisa vadzidzi kune vanodzidza kuzvimirira.

Kuberekwa kwevana, kufungisisa tsika dzenyika, zvinoreva nzira yakarongeka yekuva chizvarwa cheRussian Federation. Iko kunobatsira vadzidzi kudzika unhu hwavo pachavo. Nekudaro, mudzidzisi anobatanidzwa mune dzidzo yenyika yevana inofanira kuvimba nemabasa ake akanaka, akagadzirwa kuburikidza nesayenzi uye ruzivo ruzivo.

Nezvekuda nyika

Mukuita kwekuumba tsika dzenyika, mudzidzi mumwe nomumwe anofanira kubatsirwa kuti aone kuti iye chikamu chevanhu vake uye nyika. Chii chinonzi patriotism? Kunyange zvazvo iri simba guru remweya rinogona kusimbisa simba reumwe neumwe uye rinobatanidza nechishuvo chehurumende yose nevanhu.

Asi kuda nyika hakufaniri kuve bofu. Zvakakoshawo kutaurira vadzidzi. Vanhu havasi vakaberekerwa vashandi, asi vanogona kuva ivo. Mushure mokunge vawana chokwadi pamusoro pevanhu vavo, ivo vachagutsikana nezvisingaperi zvisingakwanisi zvenyika, ivo vachadzidza nhoroondo uye heroic yapfuura. Zvose zviri pamusoro apa zvinobatsira kunzwisisa chii chiri mumhedzisiro yakadaro senyika. Uye izvi chaizvoizvo mweya. Uye kunzwisisa kwechinangwa chavo uye basa munhoroondo. Izvo zvichibva pamitemo yenyika kuti kunamata kunowedzera.

Ndokusaka dzidzo yekuda nyika yehupenyu inokosha zvikuru. Uye hatirevi kungoita chete kuda kwerudzi rwebaba. Nekukosha kukuru kuremekedza nzvimbo yako, guta, mutauro. Uyezve, rudo uye kunamatwa kwevana vavo vemuAmerica maduku zvakakosha uye zvisinganzwisisiki kupfuura zvakafanana, maererano neZimbabwe rose semhuri.

Mubvunzo wemunhu oga

Dzidzo muhupenyu hwemitemo yenyika yakakosha, asi nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekutarisa uye zvido zvinotungamirira kune zvakawanda zvakaringana. Ichokwadi chokuti kune imwe nhengo yemagariro chinhu chakakosha, kune chimwe chingave chisina kukosha. Izvi zvinofanira kuyeukwa.

Uye tichifunga nezvechiitiko ichi, hurongwa hwehutano huri kuumbwa munharaunda inogona kudanwa kusagadzikana. Muenzaniso wakajeka unogona kutaurwa sehurukuro yezvidzidzo zvechitendero muzvikoro zvekunamata kwakasiyana siyana. Muchikamu chechiKristu chisingaiti, asiwo Islam uye zvimwe zvitendero zvinodzidzwa. Munyaya iyi, zvinodiwa nevadzidzi veOrthodox nevaMuslim zvinotorwa. Iyi ndiyo muenzaniso wakaisvonaka wekugadzirisa dzimwe tsika dzetsika. Izvo zvinobatsira pakuumbwa kwemukati wepakati hwetsika yevanhu.

Maitiro

Zvakanaka, sezvazvaikwanisika kunzwisisa, tsika dzenyika dzakasiyana kwazvo. Uye munyaya iyi, hatikwanisi kutadza kutaurwa nyaya yekutsungirira. Zvichienderana nekusiyana kwehukama hwemagariro, zvakakosha kudzidzisa mumwe nomumwe arikukura wevanhu kushivirira kune dzimwe tsika, mararamiro, tsika netsika. Vadzidzi vanobva pamitemo yavo ye "chizvarwa" vanofanira kuziva zvidzidzo zvehutori muhutano hwezvimwe zvayo. Uye haikwanise asi kufara kuti nhasi, nokuda kwekudzidzisa-tsika-tsika uye nzira yekudzidzisa, zvinogoneka. Iko yehutano hwechimiro netsika dzevadzidzi vemazuva ano uye vadzidzi yakawedzerwa zvikuru. Izvi zvinotibvumira kuti tione chokwadi chedu.

Uye, nenzira, nhamba yakawanda yevana, vechidiki nevakomana vanofarira nyaya iyi. Kune mushumo wegore rese weRussia-"Basic national values in creativity", umo vamiririri vechizvarwa vaduku kubva kumativi ese enyika yedu vanobatana nemufaro. Uye izvi zvinopa tariro kuti nenguva, vakadzidza uye vane tsika dzakanaka mumitemo vachava vazhinji. Kunyatsotaura, ichi ndicho chinangwa chemazuva ano dzidzo.