Oleg Tabakov: biography uye mafirimu. Mafirimu, chikoro, mafirimu, vana nemadzimai aOleg Tabakov

Vanhu vashomanana vakaita zvakawanda zvehutano hwekuRussia sezvakaitwa naOleg Tabakov (mufananidzo) - mudzidzisi akakurumbira, mutambi uye mutungamiriri. Pasi peutungamiri hwake, kune mairi maviri akabudirira emitambo muMoscow, "Saratov Kutambura" mutambo uri kuitwa, uye vazhinji vechidiki matarenda vari kudzidziswa mukuita kuMoscow Art Theater School. Pamakore ake 78 Oleg Tabakov anonzwa akafara, asingatongopera simba uye achiri kuramba achishanda zvakaoma. Chii chakavanzika chehuduku hwake husingaperi? Mikana yekuita zvinhu zvaunoda kana mune chimwe chinhu? Nhoroondo yeOleg Tabakov, inotsanangurwa munyaya ino, ichabatsira kuwana mhinduro kumubvunzo uyu.

Childhood

August 17, 1935 mumhuri yechiremba - Berezovsky Maria Andreevna naTabakov Pavel Kondratievich, vaigara muSaratov - vakazvarwa mwanakomana. Pakutanga, mukomana akadzidza kurarama asina baba. Pavel Kondratyevich akatorwa kuenda kuhondo, uye Maria Andreevna, kuitira kuti adye mhuri yake nenzira yakati, akaenda kundoshanda muchipatara chechiuto nechitima. Sezvo biography yaOleg Tabakov, ndiyo ndiyo iyo yakadzidza kuti zvakakosha sei kuva vakatendeseka, mutsa uye kushanda zvakaoma. Uye nokusingaperi vakagadzirisa unhu uhwu. Mutevedzeri anoyeuka kuti utana, pasinei nezvose, aifara, akajeka, achifara, nokuti akakurira akapoteredzwa nekuda vanhu - amai, mbuya, vanamunini, vanamunini.

Makore emakore uye kusarudzwa kwehupenyu nzira

Muduku Oleg aifarira chaizvo kuverenga, uye aifarira zvemitambo kubva achiri muduku. Akadzidza kuSaratov Men's School No. 18, panguva yake yekusununguka akapinda mune rimwe boka remitambo muimba yevana vekuchikoro uye mapiyona. Izvi zvakasarudza kusarudzwa kwebasa rake ramangwana - iye akarwara chaizvo nemitambo.

Kubvuma kuMoscow Art Theater

Mushure mekunge apedza chikoro chesekondari, wechiduku Oleg Tabakov akauya kuMoscow kunodzidza zvidzidzo zvebasa remuiti. Akaisa zvinyorwa pakarepo kumayunivhesiti maviri - kuMoscow Art Theater School uye GITIS. Uye pamusoro pemigumisiro yechipimo chekupinda yakagamuchirwa mu ... zvose zviviri!

Chisarudzo chake chemurume akada kumira akamira paMoscow Art Theater School, nokuti akafunga kuti ndiyo yunivhesiti yakanakisisa yevhidhiyo munyika. Oleg Tabakov akadzidza pamusangano waVasily Osipovich Toporkov uye aiva mumwe wevadzidzi vakabudirira zvikuru. Mumakore edzidzidzi akaita basa rake mumutambo. Mumufananidzo wePorter Michael "Sasha anopinda muupenyu" Tabakov akarova Sasha Komelev. Uye kamwe-kamwe akawana mutsva unyanzvi hukuru - cinema.

Studio yevatambi vechidiki

Muna 1957, kuMoscow Art Theater School, Young Actors Studio, yakatangwa naOleg Efremov, yakatanga kushanda. Gare gare iyi studio yakashandurwa ikava yeramato yakakurumbira "Contemporary", uye Tabakov Oleg Pavlovich akava mumwe wevaduku kune vese varo. Kugadzirisa kwekupedzisira kweTabakov semutevedzeri kwakaitikawo mukati memasvingo e "Contemporary" pasi pesimba rehupenyu hwemuuridzidzi Efremov.

Period of the Contemporary

Mushure mokusiya chikoro-studio, Tabakov akatumirwa kuStananisvsky Drama Theater kuMoscow, asi nenzira yakajeka akazviwana ari mune zvandakangosimbiswa Efremov Studio ye Young Actors. Basa rokutanga remutambi pachitambo raiva basa raMisha mu "Ever-living." Gare gare iyi studio duku yakashandurwa ikava imwe yenzvimbo dzakanakisisa dzemitambo muRussia - Sovremennik, uye Oleg Pavlovich ndiye akanga ari muongorori anotungamirira kwemakore anenge makumi matatu. Kupindira kwake mumitambo "Ordinary Story", "Three Wishes", "Nguva dzose Inotengeswa", "Naked King" yakaita kuti zvibudirire kubudirira uye zvisingakanganwiki.

Zvinosuruvarisa, basa rakaoma kuitira kubatsirwa kweunyanzvi rakaunzwa kune muimbi kwete kungobatsira-kuzvikanganwa, kuzvikudza kwepanyama uye kwetsika vakaita basa ravo-pazera remakore 29 Tabakov akatambura nemwoyo. Kuti kufara kwevafomi uye hama, akakurumidza kudzoka ndokudzoka kumutambo wekugara wehupenyu.

Muna 1970, Oleg Efremov akagadzwa mutevedzeri wemifananidzo weMoscow Art Theatre, uye naizvozvo "Contemporary" yakasara isina "baba." Oleg Tabakov's biography inoratidza kuti panguva iyoyo akatora chiito ndokupa kubvuma kwake kubasa re "baba vokurera", ndiko kuti, mutungamiriri wevose inoratidzirwa. Anenge makore manomwe "Contemporary" akashanda pasi pekutungamirirwa kwaTabakov, uye ini ndinofanira kutaura kuti munguva ino nzvimbo dzemitambo muhutano dzakasimbiswa zvikuru.

Kudzidzisa Mabasa

Ikubudirira uye yakagadziriswa mutariri weRussia anoda kutora pane rimwe basa rakakomba: kudzidzisa matarenda maduku kuita unyanzvi hwekuita. Muna 1976, muhupenyu hwake hutanga chikamu chitsva chinonakidza chinonzi "dzidziso yepamusoro". Kosi yake yekutanga, ine makumi maviri nevatanhatu vadzidzi, Oleg Tabakov akawana pamusoro peGITIS. Vadzidzi vake vokutanga vaiva K. Panchenko, E. Mayorova, V. Nikitin, M. Ovchinnikova, A. Yakubov, L. Kuznetsova, I. Nefedov, N. Lebedeva, O. Topilina nevamwe. Oleg Pavlovich's "matangwe" aiva nerombo-akavapa simba guru uye nguva. Muchirongwa chekudzidzisa cheTabakov, chakasiyana zvakasiyana nechechikoro chepamusoro, pakange panewo kuongorora kwe "mabhuku" akamborambidzwa, uye misangano neOkudzhava, Vysotsky uye Shverubovich, nezvimwe zvizhinji zvinonakidza, zvinonakidza, zvichibva pane zvinoonekwa, zvinobatsira.

Muna 1986, Tabakov akasarudzwa kuti ave mutariri weMoscow Art Theater School, iyo yakabudirira kutungamirira kusvikira muna 2000.

Mirairo yezvekunze

Mukufananidzwa nebasa mumitambo, Tabakov kazhinji inotarirwa mumafirimu uye inoshanda paredhiyo. Iye ari kudiwa kwete muRussia bedzi, asiwo kune dzimwe nyika - muna 1968 munyori akadanwa kuChergue's Chernogorny Club, kwaanoita imwe yezvaanoda zvikuru basa - Khlestakov muGogol's The Inspector General. Zvino Oleg Tabakov aizivikanwa uye haana kuda munyika yake yega, asiwo kune dzimwe nyika. Nekubatanidzwa kwevanyori veRussia, vateereri veCzech Republic vakaona mabasa anopfuura makumi matatu, uye vagari veGreat Britain, USA, Austria, Finland, Denmark, Germany neHungary vakave nemitambo inopfuura makumi mana mukugadzirwa kwaOleg Tabakov - sezvazvakaitika, kwete chete mutambi asiwo mutungamiriri akabudirira.

Pamusoro pezvose, Tabakov Oleg Pavlovich anobata mabasa ekudzidzisa paHarvard University - anotungamirira Chikoro cheChirungu. K. Stanislavsky.

Iyo inonzi "Snuffbox"

Muna 1977, paakawana rubatsiro rwa Yu L. Goltzman, mutungamiriri weBaumanskiy RSU, Tabakov akagamuchira chikamu chikuru chepasi chakanga chava chembavha yemari. Tenzi Tabakov nevadzidzi vake vakachenesa chivakwa chakasiiwa nemaoko avo, vakachigadzirisa ndokuchiita kuti ive yenziyo chaiyo, iyo yakazozivikanwa se "Tabakerka".

Imwe muna 1978 nhepfenyuro yacho yakapa basa rayo kutanga kune vateereri - kushanda kunoenderana nekutamba naKazantsev A. "Ndichadzoka kwauri munguva yegore." Yakateverwa ne "Snow White neVanomwe Vanomwe", "Two Arrows", "Passion for Varvara", "Farewell, Mowgli!" Uye mamwe akawanda akawanda. Vadzidzi veTabakov vaibatsira zvikuru kune vamwe - vaigara vachisimbiswa nedzidziso yakadzidziswa mubazi, uye vaigara vachisimbisa chiitiko che "Tabakerka" danho, nekunyatsogadzirisa zvinhu zvose zvehutano hwekuita.

Zvinhu zviviri zvinobudirira zvebudiriro

Kwemwedzi mishoma munhu wese akatanga kutaura pamusoro peTabakov Theatre - vatapi venhau, vatsoropodzi, vataridzi. Iyo yakakundwa yakatamba kwete muMoscow chete, asi kunyange kure nechepamusoro kweRussia. Zvinosuruvarisa, kubudirira kusingatauriki uye kuonekwa kwemuoni hazvina kuuya ne "Tabakerke" kodzero yekugamuchira nzvimbo yepamutemo yemitambo. Kwemakore maviri, vapedza kudzidza vakanga vachiri kuungana muimba yavo yepamusoro usiku, vachidzokorora uye vachitouya nehutungamiri. Panguva ye "mumvuri" basa re "Tabakerka", zvakagadzirwa se "Jacques-fatalist", "The Case in the Zoo", "Notes of a Madman" zvakasikwa.

Pane imwe nguva, apo mutambo wekutanga kutamba "The Proletarian Mill of Happiness" yakarongwa mumitambo, yakaitika yakaita joke ine utsinye pamwe nevatori vayo - mumwe wevanyori havana kuonekwa pakutanga, sezvo akanga asingabvumirwi kusiya "nzvimbo" yebasa. Saka hupenyu hwe "Tabakerka" hunozadza.

Chete muna 1986 Oleg Tabakov's theater akakwanisa kushanda zviri pamutemo. Imwe muna March 1987, "Tabakerka" yakatanga kupa muoni maitiro matsva, uye vateereri - chiitiko chinokosha.

Kubva muna 2008, pasi pe "Tabakerka" chikoro cheOleg Tabakov chiri kushanda - yunivhesiti yemitambo, iyo inodzidzisa basa rekuita revana kubva munyika yose.

Shanda muMoscow Art Theatre. A.P. Chekhov

Muna 2000, mutambi mukuru, mudzidzisi nemutungamiriri anoita zvisingaiti - zvinosanganisira hutungamiri hwemitambo yakasiyana-siyana nemabasa ekudzidzisa muRussia uye kune dzimwe nyika, kubudisa, kushanda munhandare semutambi uye kutamba mafirimu mumafirimu!

Oleg Pavlovich akapiwa mutariri weMoscow Art Theater inonzi AP Chekhov, iyo inoramba ichiita nekubudirira kukuru kunyange ikozvino. Tabakov akawedzera denderedzwa yevanoyemura yemitambo, akasiyana-siyana repertoire yake, uye pasi peutungamiri hwake, mabasa akaitwa zvakare kuvakazve chivako chisina kukwana chaari.

Filmography yaOleg Tabakov

Sezvatotaurwa pamusoro apa, kutanga kwaTabakov mumabhaisikopo kwakaitika panguva yevadzidzi vake. Kubvira panguva iyoyo, upenyu hwake hwekusika hune hutano hwakabatana nechitema. Mhare dzekutanga dzakatambidzwa nemutambi aiva maitiro ezvakanakisisa zveunhu hwemunhu. Iyo firimu yaOleg Tabakov yemakore ekutanga ebasa rake mufirimu, inotsanangurwa muchidimbu pasi apa, inobatsira kune avo vanoda kuwedzera mukati mavo kunzwisiswa kururamisiro, chokwadi, kutendeseka.

Kutanga basa

Mufananidzo wega wega nekubatana kwevechidiki Oleg Tabakov wakamanikidza muoni kuti aongororore mararamiro anokosha anokosha. Mutambi wacho anogara achiisa mweya wake muhupenyu hwake, uye akazova mupenyu. Kazhinji akaitamba majaya akapinda munyika yevanhu vakuru munguva yeKhushchev. Uye Viktor Bulygin kubva kumabhidhiyo "People on the Bridge", naOleg Savin kubva pamifananidzo ye "Dayis Day", uye Sasha Egorov we "Probationary", naKolya Babushkin kubva mufirimu "Young and Green", uye Lieutenant Krutikov kubva pamufananidzo "Alive uye Vakafa ", Uye Peter Rostov kubva kuHondo neRunyararo, uye Seryozha kubva muSweden Sky, yakadanwa naOleg Tabakov, vaiva vana vane misoro yakachena, pfungwa nemweya, vaigara vachiziva kuratidza maonero avo uye vachiuyisa kumagumo. Mafirimu okutanga naOleg Tabakov akava zvidzidzo zvechokwadi kune vechidiki venguva iyoyo, uye nokuda kwemuimbi wega-gwagwa mubasa racho.

Mumutambo weActor weTabakov kune mamwe mabasa anofadza akafanana, pakati peiwo pane "Zvigaro Zvitanhatu", "Moscow Haatendi Mumisodzi," "Mwoyo weRussia", "Nyaya Yezvikamu", "Makumi Emasere Emasikati", "Shot," " Hondo uye Rugare "," Bhiriji iri kuvakwa "," Yesenin "," Stalin ". Filmography Oleg Tabakov yakakura zvakanyanya, hazvibviri kutarisa mafirimu ose nechishamiso ichi chekuita kwevanyori - pachava nevakawanda vavo zana. Mukuwedzera, vaduku vose vanoona vave vachifarira makatekiti kwemakore mazhinji, umo ma heroes anotaura nenzwi raOleg Tabakov. Barbosa kubva pamotopi "Bobik kune mushanyi weBarsa", mukati Matroskina kubva kuProstokvashino, muWolf kubva kumifananidzo "The Wolf and Calf", mukati Vaska we "Wizard's Apprentice" nevamwe vazhinji vane mifananidzo yakavezwa naOleg Tabakov.

Upenyu hwega

Mumwe mutambi anozivikanwa, mutungamiriri uye mudzidzisi akaroora kaviri. Mudzimai wokutanga waOleg Tabakov - muongorori Krylova Lyudmila Ivanovna - kwemakore makumi matatu nematanhatu ekuroora, akabereka vana vaviri: muna 1960 mwanakomana waAnton, muna 1966 - mukunda Alexandra. Anton Olegovich Tabakov kwenguva yakareba akashanda semutambi, pamabhuku ake anopfuura makumi maviri nemashanu basa, asi pakupera kwema1991 akatanga kutaridzika zvishoma mumavhidhiyo ndokutanga bhizinesi rebhizimisi, iro raakwanisa kubudirira kusvikira nhasi. Alexandra Olegovna Tabakova akapedza chikoro kubva kuMoscow Art Theater School uye akashanda kwechinguva muchitambo pasi pekutungamirirwa kwababa vake. Gare gare, basa remuiti wechitenzi rakapatsanidza basa remu terevhizheni uye redhiyo. Pano pane shanduro iyo vana vaOleg Tabakov kubva kumhuri yekutanga havana kuda kutevera mumakwara ake uye ikozvino havatauri naye, sezvo vasingagoni kumuregerera kuti akasiya mhuri.

Uye mufananidzo wacho akabva kuna Marina Zudina, avo vaakaroorana naye muna 1995. Zvinonakidza kuti Oleg Tabakov naMarina Zudina, kunyange vasati vaisa matanho mumapasipoti avo, vakasangana kwemakore gumi nemaviri. Pane mibvunzo yevatapi venhau pamusoro pekuti nei muitevedzeri akasiya mudzimai wake, waaigara naye makore anopfuura makumi matatu, uye nei Marina Zudin akasarudza Marina semugoverwa wehupenyu, mutambi anongopindura chete achiti: "Zvinonzwisisika, asi rudo!" Mudzimai waidiwa nemufananidzo akamupa vana vaviri - mwanakomana Paul muna 1995 nemwanasikana Maria muna 2006. Uyewo, Oleg Tabakov ane muzukuru waNikita uye muzukuru Anna naPauline.

Oleg Pavlovich Tabakov murume akazviziva kuti upenyu hwake hwose huri muruoko rwake, kuti munhu wose anoda kuzvitsaurirwa kune zvake, mhuri, rudo, nhau dzebasa, saka akaponesa nguva yevatapi venhau uye vateveri vetarenda rake ndokuvapa bhuku rebhuku Pasi pezita rokuti "Upenyu hwangu hwechokwadi".