Nginx: Setup uye kugadzwa

Chii Apache, nginx? Chinangwa, features, customization zvokusarudza - izvi ndizvo zvinhu zvose dandemutande yokuvaka vanofanira toziva kuti aedze kuitika dzavo.

About nginx Taura Shoko

chokushandisa ichi ane huru uye akawanda workflows. The zveefa wokutanga kuverenga uye configuration ongororo. Uyewo pasi yayo kuzvidzora ndiyo Workflow zvakanaka. Dambudziko kare - kubata kuuya zvikumbiro. The nginx kushandiswa womuenzaniso kunobva zviitiko. Zvigadziriswe anoshandiswawo, zvichienderana uchishandisa hurongwa kuti vawane vakarongeka yavaive zvikumbiro zvakananga pakati mushandi kwendangariro. nhamba yavo iri nguva dzose zvinoratidzwa configuration faira. The ukoshi inogona kana wakaiswa kana wakaiswa rwoga, rinotungamirirwa nokuwanda processor cores kuti dzinogona kugadziriswa. In nginx configuration wegadziriro uye modules rinoitwa kushandisa configuration faira. Naizvozvo, kana uchida kuchinja chinhu, unofanira kutsvaka zita rake. Kazhinji zviri nomurayiro / nezvimwewo / nginx (asi nzira ingasiyana nevamwe gadziriro) uye ane okubhadhara .conf.

Start, restart, nerogi

Kuti aite izvi, unofanira kuita executable Zara. Configuring nginx-Server zvinogoneka chete kana atanga. Management rinoitwa kuvonga achishevedza executable pamwe -s parameter. Kuti aite izvi, kushandisa zvinotevera:

nginx -s chiratidzo

Muchiitiko chino, unogona kuisa mirayiro anotevera (anofanira kuuya kubva anoishandisa kuti yakatanga ari turusi):

1. Stop. Rinoshandiswa kuti kutsanya shutdown.
2. Reload. The chikwata aifanira reload yacho configuration faira. Chokwadi ndechokuti kuchinja munhu asina kutora ichishanda kusvikira faira inoshanda. Uye kuti kutora zvazviri, mumwe reboot kunokosha. Pamunongonzwa kuwana chiratidzo ichi, mukuru muitiro anotanga ritsigire yakarurama pamusoro syntactic chezvinonhuwira ari configuration faira uye edza kushandisa nhungamiro iripo ikoko. Kana kufoira, izvozvo uchatikungurusira shure kuchinja uye achashanda tsaru parameters. Kana zvose zviri kubudirira, zvichava vomurova workflows itsva, uye yakare achatumirwa kwokudiwa pakuguma.
3. Kurega. Kushandiswa anotsvedzerera kuvakwa basa. Rinoshandiswa kana uchida kumirira kusvikira magetsi zvikumbiro ugotevera vakaramba.
4. Ovhurazve. Close uye rakavhurika nerogi mafaira.

kushandisa utilities

Kushara pezvakaitwa anogona kuitwa tichishandisa Unix nzira (kubaya utility ichakurukurwa muenzaniso). Ivo Kazhinji kushandisa mashandiro kutumira chiratidzo zvakananga muitiro Data. Akabatanidzwa pachishandiswa ID. date Izvi inochengetwa nginx.pid faira. Ngationei kufunga kuti tiri kufarira kwacho №134. Zvadaro, nokuti anotsvedzerera kuvakwa kudiwa titumirei mashoko aya:

kuuraya -s AREGE KUSVUTA 1628

Ngationei kufunga kuti tinoda kuona mazita ose yakazaruka mafaira. Tiri kushandisa utility Pis. Chikwata zvakare vachatarira sezvinotevera:

Pis -ax | grep nginx

Kureva, sezvaungaona, nokushandisa mamwe zviridzwa anoratidza kuti anoenda kushandisirwa. Zvino ngatimboonai vakaita sei nginx-configuration.

The nemamiriro configuration faira

Kugadzwa uye configuring nginx zvinosanganisira kushanda pamwe modules. Vari configured kushandisa nhungamiro ayo raanotaura configuration faira. Vanogona kuva nyore kana misa. Wokutanga mhando kuchibva Nemirayiro uye parameters, izvo dzakaparadzaniswa dzezvimwe, uye magumo yavo achiratidzei semicolon - (;). The anovhara ane zvakafanana marongerwo. Asi pachinzvimbo ichi Murayiro kuvhara raiva mamwe akagadzirwa mirayiridzo anoiswa mukati rakamonana mumabhuraketi ({} mirayiridzo). Kana vachigona kuposita mazita nezvimwe parameters acho, dzinonzi zvakagadzirwa zvakadai vane chechinyorwa. Somuenzaniso, http:, nzvimbo uye Server.

Kuparadzira kunofambira mberi kugutsikana

Ichi chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha anosangana nginx configuration. Mukutonga Statistical kuparadzira zviri zvaireva mifananidzo uye HTML-mapeji (kwete simba). Ngatitii kuti tinoda chimwe basa rakamiswa sumbu nix nginx. Zvakaoma kuita kudaro? Kwete, ngatitarise muenzaniso. Vasati vatanga payo, zvakakodzera zvizere zvinhu dambudziko. Saka, zvichienderana chikumbiro, kuti mafaira achabva siyana omunharaunda Directories. Saka, muna / mashoko / www tine HTML-magwaro. Uye Directory / mashoko / mifananidzo ine mifananidzo. Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri marongero nginx mune iyi zvinoda Editing ari configuration faira, izvo unofanira kugadzira ari Server chikwata mukati http:. Kutsigira vaviri richashandiswa nzvimbo.

Implementation: Server

Saka, tinofanira kutanga kusika Directories uye vanozviisa pasi mafaira vanofanira richikura (mu HTML unofanira kuwedzera kugutsikana). Zvadaro kuzarura configuration faira. Mairi default Server anotova wandei zvinogumbura, izvo kazhinji kacho vari akatsinhira kunze. Kuti vawane optimum zvabuda, izvi zvinofanira kuitwa panyaya zvose zvinoumba kubudikidza default. Mobva itsva Server chikwata vachishandisa bumbiro ichi:

http: {

Server {

}

}

The configuration faira unogona kushanda pamwe akawanda zvakadaro zvinogumbura. Asi vanofanira kusiyaniswa nemazita avo uye zviteshi kuburikidza iyo mashoko ari kugamuchira.

Implementation: nzvimbo

Kutsunga mukati Server:

nzvimbo / {

mudzi / date / www;

}

Pamberi chiratidzo "/" Zvakakodzera kuenzanisa vakawana mashoko uye muone kana pane kero yakadaro kubva kupatsanurwa chikumbiro pano. Kana pasina matambudziko, ipapo kutaridzwa nzira / mashoko / www kuti aida faira kuti iri mune munharaunda ino. Kana paine machisi zvishoma kutigumbura, ipapo sarudza umwe chete wakarebesa chivakashure. In muenzaniso uyu, kureba akaenzana mumwe, kureva, kushandiswa achava bedzi muna chiitiko kuti hapana "makwikwi". Zvino, regai zvichaita dzifambirane:

nzvimbo / Mifananidzo / {

mudzi / date;

}

Sei kuziva, tiri kutsvaka chifananidzo. Zvino, ngationei nokubatanidza zviitiko zvose zvakanga kare, uye configuration panguva ino sezvinotevera:

Server {

nzvimbo / {

mudzi / date / www;

}

nzvimbo / Mifananidzo / {

mudzi / date;

}

}

Izvi kushanda shanduro Pakadaro, mureza chiteshi №80. Server ichi pasina zvinetso zvinogona kuwanikwa pa-computer yako, kana iwe enda pakero: http: // localhost /. Sei izvi zvose kushanda?

Nheyo nokushanda muenzaniso

Saka, kana vachisvika queries kuti kutanga / mifananidzo, ku-server of runoenzanirana Directory mafaira achatumirwa kuna user. In asipo vachapiwa mashoko inotaridza kukanganisa 404. Kana kuitwa nginx configuration pamusoro yomunharaunda kombiyuta, ipapo chikumbiro http: //localhost/images/example.png tichaita kuwana faira ane nzvimbo /data/images/example.png. Kana iwe tsanangurai munhu "/" chiratidzo kutsvaka zvinoitiswa muna Directory / mashoko / www. Asi isu hatina chete yakachinja configuration. Rinotanga vakaicheka, anofanira restart. Kuti aite izvi, shandisa nginx -s Reload. In Kana apo inowanzotorwa oparesheni hazvibviri, muna access.log uye error.log mafaira iri nomurayiro / usr / omunharaunda / nginx / matanda, unogona kutsvaka mhaka mhosva.

Kutanga nyore Marshal Server

Zvinganzi pamusoro nginx - configuration kuti chivako ichi ndicho chimwe chezvinhu zvakafanana mafomu (uye zvakanaka nyore, nenzira). Inoshandisa nheyo Server anogamuchira chikumbiro, uye ipapo redirects navo anodikamwa nzvimbo. Pashure paizvozvo, mhinduro zvinotarisirwa kubva kwavari, izvo anovatuma uya akaisa basa. Saka ngatitarise muenzaniso rakasikwa zvaiva pfungwa. Zvichaita kukurira vanoshandisa basa 'zvikumbiro uye dzinovapa chifananidzo kubva munharaunda dhairetori. Saka, chaivharidzira http: kuwedzera mumwe Server pamwe inotevera kugutsikana:

Server {

teerera 8080;

mudzi / date / up1;

nzvimbo / {

}

}

Zvino, ngationei decipher kwamuri: kutanga nyore Server. Achateerera chengarava 8080 hauna kuteerera, ipapo Server vachamhanya pamusoro 80 ndipo. Vachapiwa uratidzwe ose zvikumbiro mukati yomunharaunda faira hurongwa kuti kutungamirirwa Directory / mashoko / up1 (Chokwadi, asati zvichava zvakakodzera kusika izvozvo). Kuti mukwanise kutarisa zvakafanira kuti isa index.html faira. Nokuda placement pakati nhungamiro iri akapoteredza mudzi Server tinogona kushandisa nzvimbo nguva dzose (sezvo saka avabvisa kuwana kurambidzwa). Tava kushanda kusika munhu Marshal. Nokuti kushanda, tinofanira proxy_pass rinoratidza, nokuti icho chichange yakanatsa dzakati zita, uye chiteshi chivako sezvo parameters (nokuti vemo kubatana zvichaita seungano http: // localhost: 8080). Wana mugumisiro ichi:

Server {

nzvimbo / {

proxy_pass http: // localhost: 8080;

}

nzvimbo / Mifananidzo / {

mudzi / date;

}

}

Kana kutarira bumbiro uye ongorora nayo, ungacherechedza kuti rechipiri chikwata nzvimbo rakachinjwa. Saka pane izvi, unogona kushanda zvakafanana Extensions mifananidzo. A shoma siyana, zvaigona uratidzwe sezvinotevera:

nzvimbo ~ \ (GIF | jpg | PNG) $ {.

mudzi / date / mifananidzo;

}

Kwokupedzisira Marshal configuration iri sezvinotevera:

Server {

nzvimbo / {

proxy_pass http: // localhost: 8080 /;

}

nzvimbo ~ \ (GIF | jpg | PNG) $ {.

mudzi / date / mifananidzo;

}

}

Zvichaita dzinobvisa kubva zvikumbiro pakupera izvo pane Extensions izvi uye uzvitumire nemunhu akakumbira mafaira. Usakanganwa kuti achada restart kana uchida kutarisa configuration faira. Uye nditende, kuti chete nginx-configuration. Kana iwe kuzarura configuration "Vkontakte" faira Server kana zvimwe boka guru, vachava bumbiro zvinopfuura mashoko munyaya ino.