Hamming romutemo. Coding kuti nhamba mashoko

In huchishanda upi zvoga gadziriro nechinetso pokugara maonero ari mashoko kuchena mashoko akapiwa, kuwana zvikanganiso, uye avo unocherekedza. The zvikuru mabasa basa chinhu mashoko kubudiswa, zvikuru kunzwisisa uye anenge vasabatwa marongedzero zvakaipa zvinhu usashandisa uye aibuda mashoko zvikanganiso ndiro basa rake.

Imwe nzira kunovhenekwa aibuda mashoko nokuda kwokukanganisa uye kunyange avaruramise, ndiko kuti encode ari nhamba ruzivo. Kune Codes zhinji uye nzira dzinoshandiswa panguva kushanda pamwe zvakasiyana mashoko. Anonzi Hamming code muenzaniso chaiwo, raiva pokutangira kuti kusikwa zvikuru kunzwisisa uye akaoma nzira disposal yomuka panguva Data hutachiwana zvikanganiso.

Nyaya bumbiro kunotanga nemakore 1940s. Panguva iyoyo, Richard Hamming nyanzvi countable muchina Bell Model V, kushanda yakakurumbira Bell Labs. Zvino yaiva nokuveza-kumucheto mashandiro kuti anoshandisa electromechanical musimboti. Pamasikiro michina inoshandiswa ataure dzakabatana. Kushandiswa yavo haripi kuchikosha fuma iri nokukurumidza. Kuti aite rimwe chimurenga zvaida masekonzi mashoma. Data mukova kwakaitika pamusoro achishandisa chibhakera makadhi, uye zvikanganiso zvakanga zvakajairika vari mubishi yokuverenga. In revhiki kuziva uye kwakarurama zvikanganiso vakawana akashandisa chaiwo Codes. Machine opareta akaudza sokupenya vezviedza, kuti zvinozoita anoranga kukanganisa uye Re-raparurwa chirongwa kukarukureta. Asi kwevhiki kwacho kwakaitika maererano mitemo yakasiyana. An kukanganisa ari kuona, muchina rwoga chinomisa kuurayiwa chirongwa chokutanga, uye mberi nevamwe.

Sezvo Hamming kazhinji vaifanira kushanda pakupera kwevhiki, zviri kunetsa chaizvo maitiro akafanana kombiyuta, nekuti aifanira reboot purogiramu raakashandisa, uye chaikonzera waiva unreliability ane nechepamusoro nemakadhi. Makore anoverengeka zvaifanira kupedzerwa kuvakwa kupfuura vakarongeka algorithms kuti kururamisa zvikanganiso. Somugumisiro, kubudikidza 1950 akakwanisa kuwana uye buritsa yakanakisisa nzira kupedza dambudziko iri, riri ikozvino kuzivikanwa pasi pose sezvo Hamming remitemo.

Output wakatangwa na Richard Hamming aimbova hwakapararira. Nzira dzekufambisa yeEncoding ruzivo kukasawedzerwa anoverengeka zvinogumbura makuru. Somuenzaniso, hurongwa Codes vanoumba boka guru, chine chidhina, dzinonzi kupatsanurwa Codes (nemamwe mazwi iwayo umo vose vanotaurwa akakamurwa ruzivo uye kuongorora).

Mune humwe remitemo une chawo parity dzinokonzerwa Linear remapazi pamusoro mashoko zviratidzo. Saka chero akabvumidza codeword aripo mukana kuwana nemhaka Linear remapazi anoitwa musi kutaridza linearly akazvimirira codewords.

Hamming code bumbiro kuti kuzvidzora zvichiongororwa. Codes izvi vachikubvumira vapiwa kuona zvikanganiso panguva date hutachiwana. Kuvaka navo, asi iwe unofanira inganzi mumwe shoko rimwe kuzvidzora (chiwedzerwa) wedzeredzei. Digital kukarukureta anosarudzwa vakadaro kuti nhamba vezvikwata apo terafimi iri ezvinhu kunyange.

Kana paine kukanganisa chete, ipapo ichachinja parity pamusoro uwandu dzakabatana.

Codes kuti kukonzera kukutadza kururamiswa muna otomatiki rudzi, rinonzi kuzvidzora achiruramisa. Kuvaka bumbiro akadaro kare zvakakwana udzore zvinoyerera. The guru kufarira chinhu binary remitemo nechigumbuso, ane rokururamisa.

Kuti muchidimbu, tinogona kugumisa kuti Hamming remitemo anoshandisa nheyo parity kuongorora, iyo inoongorora uwandu chikwata vatambi.