Ndiko kuti combustion maitiro

Goren akadana oxidation maitiro kunoitika panguva kumhanya, icho pamwe nekupisa akawanda uye, sezvo ushe, yakajeka sokupenya, yatinoti womoto. The combustion kwacho anoongorora mumuviri kemisitiri, umo combustion vabvuma kuti zvose exothermic pezvakaitwa kuva kuzvipira kuwedzera kuita. Kwakadaro kuzviremekedza kumhanyisa zvingava zvakafanira dzichiwedzera tembiricha (t. E. Ivai kupisa injini), kana kuunganidza yezviri nezvimedu (kuva diffusion hunhu).

The combustion kuita chinhu chinooneka chepfungwa - kuvapo mukuru tembiricha nharaunda (murazvo), spatially yakarambidza uye umo vazhinji kutendeuka rikauya kutanga zvinhu (mafuta) ari combustion zvigadzirwa. Izvi achabatsirwa pakabudiswa yakawanda chafariz simba. Kutanga maitiro (murazvo chitarisiko) raida kupedzera imwe yakawanda simba pamusoro kuvesa, ipapo muitiro inoenda nomuzvarirwo. Its kumhanya kunobva kwemakemikari ehupfumi zviri zvinhu zvinobatanidzwa zvakaitwa, uyewo gasi guru pezvakaitwa panguva combustion. The combustion kuita vane unhu, inokosha iyo - uye calorific kukosha musanganiswa ndiwo tembiricha (anonzi adiabatic), izvo zvinogona hunonzi kuitwa pamwe combustion wakakwana dzakakudzingai kupisa.

By uwandu hwezvinhu zvose zvabatanidzwa. mamiriro oxidizer uye huni combustion muitiro unogona kupiwa mumwe matatu marudzi. The combustion zvinogona kuva:

- homogeneous kana mafuta uye oxidizer (pre-zvakasiyana) vari gaseous mamiriro,

- heterogeneous, umo yakasimba kana mvura mafuta ikasakendenga pamwe oxidant gasi,

- maitiro combustion ose gunpowder uye zvinoputika.

Homogeneous combustion ndicho nyore, ane kugara akurumidze, zvichienderana murwiyo uye samolecular kupisa conduction nezvakavhenganiswa, tembiricha uye kumanikidzwa.

Heterogeneous combustion chinonyanya zvakajairika zvakasikwa, uyewo ezvokunambira kunze kwomuviri waamai. Its kumhanya ichitovimbawo dzakananga ezvinhu enyika combustion kwacho uye zvinoitwa zvokubikisa chaiko. In nemvura parafini combustion akurumidze iri zvikuru nokuda mwero kwemvura, mu hwakasimba - gasification unodiwa. Somuenzaniso, muitiro nokuumba muzvikamu zviviri panguva marasha combustion. In wokutanga wavo (kune dziya kunonoka kudziyisa) dzinounzwa volatiles fuma (marasha), kune wechipiri kutsva chemubhotoro.

Combustion gasi (semuenzaniso, ethane combustion) kwakasiyana. The gaseous svikiro anogona kuparadzira murazvo kure rakakura. Inogona kufamba nenzira gasi pane subsonic kumhanya, pamwe zvinhu kwete chete gaseous svikiro, asiwo musanganiswa emura yakanaka uye yakasimba combustible nezvimedu hwakakanyiwa oxidant. Kuti pave nechokwadi kugadzikana combustion Muzviitiko zvakadaro zvinoda rinokosha akaitwa mevira mudziyo.

Consequences izvo zvinoita combustion maitiro ari gaseous svikiro, muri mhando mbiri. First - imwe mhirizhonga iri gasi aibuda, zvichitungamirira unopinza kuwedzera kwacho nokukurumidza. Emerging pamwe acoustic vachivavhiringidza kungaita kuerera unotevera Danho - the kwaita kuvhunduka chinozunguzirwa kunotungamirira detonation pakati musanganiswa. Masikati detonation combustion nhano hakubvi chete yayo gasi ehupfumi asiwo kubva maitiro uye kupararira parameters hukuru.

The combustion of mafuta yaishandiswa unyanzvi uye indasitiri. Chinangwa chikuru chemusha pano kuti vabudirire kunonyanyisa combustion kunyatsoshanda (kureva. E. To optimize kupisa) kuti akafanorongerwa penguva. Unoshandiswa nokutsva, somuenzaniso, ari migodhi indasitiri - kukura nzira dzakasiyana-siyana zvicherwa inobva kushandisa muitiro peturu. Asi vamwe dzinongoitika uye Geological zvemupiro combustion Fani chingava chinhu chinokosha, akatakura ngozi chakakomba. The ngozi chaiyo Somuenzaniso, inofanira vaingoerekana combustion pamusoro peat, iyo inosvitsa chimiro endogenous moto.