Natterjack: dzinogarisana, tsananguro, Photo

Zvichida kuverenga shoko "datya" iri wenyaya ino, munhu wince vakasema. Kungotaura izvi amphibian vanhu vazhinji ndiko neshamwari zvikuru hachifadzi: kunhonga chisikwa kunogumbura nekuti zvose ganda wake "nemburwa", uye chitarisiko hakusi kupfuura inofadza. Asi isu kuchimbidza iwe nechokwadi kuti izvi hazvisi izvo. Kana isu kunyatsoongorora buruuru, ipapo mhuka iyi inogona kunyange kunzwa tsitsi.

Nhasi kune mhando anopfuura mazana matatu matatya - mvura, anokwira usiku, viviparous. Asi nhasi gamba ino ichava zvikuru byway natterjack. Miti iyi kwakapararira muWestern Europe uye ndima Soviet Union, rinowanikwa chete kuBaltic States, North-Western Ukraine uye Western Belarus.

Natterjack: tsananguro

Izvi amphibian kubva dzakawanda toads ekare (Bufo). Dzimwe nguva zvinonzi smelly buruuru (Bufo calamita). Rinoreva Unorudzi tailless. Toad, Photo zvisina zvakajairika zvikuru mumabhuku mhuka, ndiko chaiwo mumiriri mhuri yake, izvo mupenyu anenge ose kondinendi kunze Australia.

Tinogona kutaura kuti izvi ndizvo buruuru guru. Chinhu mhuka svikiro kadikidiki. Kazhinji kune vanhu kumativi masendimita mashanu pakureba. Toads masendimita masere pakureba uye pamusoro vari apo neapo.

Exterior zvinhu

Natterjack ane inonakidza ruvara. musana wake iri nechepadivi muchiedza pfumbu uye yemiorivhi mitema. It yakafukidzwa rima mavara akawanda. Light Pfekenura, izvo anomhanya pamwe pakati musana uye musoro, chinosiyanisa amphibian ichi kubva mutema buruuru, iro nhasi kwakapararira.

Lumpy ganda, asi pasina yakatesvera panyanga dzacho. Izvi zvinoita kuti ave akasiyana matatya, ane ganda risina mvere zvakakwana uye waidzivirira kubva kupwa kubuda madzihwa. Leather sengere toads kuroora yakafukidzwa mumasero vakawanda duku secreting ane muchetura fuma. Maviri guru shwanu iri pedyo hura. Dzinonzi parotidy.

Mudumbu iri mavara ndachena-chena Hue. Meso vanosarudzirwa yakatambarara. Vanhurume zvipenyu ichi matatya vane simba huro in kuburikidza zvavakanga vanzwa kure zvikuru. Uye womukati mbambo yechipiri vari kweinenge zvakafanana miganhu. Varume nevakadzi vakasiyana muna Ruvara huro - mune vakadzi zvinonzi kupendwa chena, uye vanhurume - dzepepuru.

Protection pavavengi

Hapana tsaona natterjack akagashira kubva muviri saka mwero dziberekane uye mumasero muchetura. Ndiyo chete kudzivirira mhuka idzi anononoka-kufamba kurwira kuvapo. Achiona ngozi, natterjack anoedza kutiza, asi kana rinokundikana kuita kudaro, kutya iye kuminyuka kure ganda uye yakafukidzwa jena furo mvura kuti ane zvikuru hachifadzi kwakanaka.

Kuti udzivise zvakatapwa kuti chamatebwe, kwejongwe kana raccoon imbwa, buruuru anofanira anenge asingaoneki. Kana chikara vachiri vakakwanisa kucherechedza amphibian, uye anobatirira pariri, ipapo havangagodori. Bundu uturu omumuviri, dzepanguva-kwokusunungura fuma ane kunzwa kunhuwa zvinonyangadza, kwazvo kuravira, ichipa emetic Chaizvoizvo - anobvumirana kuti ichi "delicacy" vangaedzwa chikara nenzara kwazvo chete. Munhu chepfu yakaipisisa secreted ne omumuviri, hakuzokanganisi kukuvadza uye regai kukonzera nemburwa (vakawanda vanofunga zvisizvo).

dzinogarisana

Isu kare kuti natterjack nevakawanda muEurope, kumabvazuva uye kuchamhembe kwayo siyana kunosvika muUK, inowanikwa kumaodzanyemba Sweden, kumadokero Belarus, kuchamhembe-kumadokero rutivi rweUkraine, muna kuBaltic States. In nyika yedu inogona kuonekwa chete Kaliningrad mudunhu.

It anosarudza kurarama pamapani. Zvaanoda chiedza ivhu jecha zvakanaka kudziyirwa ne zuva, yakaoma uye akazaruka munzvimbo. It anogara ari jecha menzizi, reservoirs, nyanza, vashoma vane nemiti uye herbaceous uswa, anogara pachigaro Heath.

Unogona kuona buruuru ari mafuro, pamusoro yehombodo musango, ari matanda mumisasa, apo akanga akavanda pasi pomuti hunde dzacho, ukapisa murwi ari yemamota. Natterjack anonzwa akasununguka ari munda (pamwe nzenza ivhu). In ichindosvika kuPyrenees unomutswa kuti nekukwirira anodarika maviri nehafu zviuru metres pamusoro pegungwa.

Behavior mu vivo

Mushure wechando natterjack rinoshanda pakupera April. Kazhinji kushingaira mumadekwana, zuva riri basa zvisingawanzoitiki, zvinowanzoda zvinoitika ramakore ekunze.

Munguva zororo (chando) akavanda mumapako kana zvimwe matumba - dzinongoitika niches, pasi pamatombo, mune crevices enyika, dzimwe nguva akavigwa muvhu. Hwaro zvokudya - nezvipembenene. Panguva rutoto kushanda asingabvumi chikafu. Sexual zvokunamata anouya kwemakore mana. Life anotarisirwa ndiwo makore gumi namashanu.

Kuhwanda natterjack vakatumira mukupera August apo mhepo tembiricha anodonhedza kusvika 10 ° C.

The natterjack anodyisa?

Cane toads vanosarudza kudyisa pamusoro invertebrates zvinokambaira masvosve, zvipembenene, hozhwa, makonye, uye vamwe.

buruuru ichi (Photo waunoona pazasi) - mumwe vashoma pakati "hama" dzake anotevera chayabata ake. Scenting nezvavakatapa, iye asi nokukurumidza akatendeukira kwaari uye anobata muromo wake.

kubereka

Inoparadzirwa natterjack mu kudziyirwa kudzika yakamira mvura miviri, zvakazara vashoma nemiriwo. Dzimwe nguva mukadzi mazai mune brackish mumvura. Nokuti kubereka kunoda tembiricha mvura kwete asingasviki +18 ° C. Nguva iyi kunotora yechipiri yezana April kusvikira kuguma July. Misa zviri kukonzera Kazhinji kunoitika May kana June.

Kazhinji masikati panguva ino wacho ari pazasi dura. Ikryanoe namabote vane makubhiti millimeters mashanu ane kureba 1.6 metres. Mune zvisingawanzoitiki dzenguva, vanogona kuwana kureba 3.2 m. Vari riri pane imwe kudzika kudzika (20 cm). Eggs 1.6 mm dhayamita yaiva misara miviri. Pane imwe nguva mumwe mukadzi anogona kuisa kusvika mazai 5.250.

The mazana kukura kusvika 8.5 mm. Development mberi mazuva 55. ari tadpole metamorphosis buruuru Asati inokura kusvika 28 mm. Vakaguta detritus, maprotozoa pamusoro phytoplankton uye crustaceans diki.

Toads izvi dzemarudzi dzinokura zvishoma nezvishoma. Kana tadpole inova diki asi ndakawedzera buruuru, chipfuwo chinobuda dura. Juveniles vane chete kubuda munyika, pakureba 1 sendimita. Vari kwazvo noungwaru vanokwira, kudzvanya mudumbu.

simba

Yaimbova Soviet Union natterjack anogara kumabvazuva kumucheto kuwanda. Miti iyi vakagovera chaizvo vanoiswa. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, nhamba yavo yakakwirira zvikuru, apo vamwe vaipemberera kuwa nhamba uye rutapudzo pokugara.

Richiwanika pamusoro munharaunda vamwe reserves. Miti iyi runochengetedzwa ari Bern Convention (mupanda II). Munyika dzakawanda, ndiko isingawanzowanikwi mhando natterjack. The Red Book of USSR, uyewo Red muBhuku Belarus, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia uye Russia vakaita yavo amphibian kuchengeteka mazita. Ecology kwemarudzi vakadzidza ndivo Parizvino kukwana.

Natterjack: Interesting Facts

datya ichi hachisi kukwanisa kusvetukira zvakanaka, sezvinoita matatya, nokuti makumbo mapfupi hadzi. akasvetuka aro kana akareba refu kana.

Toad iyi mhando - ari kushambira akaipa kwazvo, zvokuti akanga rakadzika mutumbi mvura, izvozvo hadzingarubitirisi nyore.

Asi iye anogona nounyanzvi kukwira chigutsa kana kubuda mugomba rakadzika. Uyezve, zviri nyore nayo zvinokambaira hunde vachida muti, asi chete kana kuhukura ane kanenge zvishoma roughness.

Uye mumwe dzinonakidza chokwadi. Natterjack kunakidza chaizvo runoita: hazvina kukambaira, kwete kusvetuka, uye kumhanya, uye makumbo ose mana uye vachikotama musana wako anosetsa. Izvi nowenyika nemakonzo duku, asi kwete tailless amphibians.

Natterjack paakavapa musoro loudest matatya munyika. maitikiro rinonzwika chaibwinya nevarume munguva kuberekesana mwaka, mumwe nehafu chiuru Hertz.

Dzimwe nguva sengere toads vasarudze chando Inomedza 'matendere pamusoro jecha mumhenderekedzo. Mune imwe mink anogona kugadzirisa toads shoma.