Mvura yakadzama yakadzoka shure kwemabhiriyoni matatu emakore

Sei kuchikomba matsime nhasi? Muenzaniso wepedyo uye unozivikanwa: kuchengetedza mvura. Sezvo mutemo, mvura yakanaka yakadaro haina kudzika, uye yakamira ikakura nokukurumidza apo aquifer inosvika. Mumwe muenzaniso uyo munhu wose anonzwa paari: matsime ekugadzirwa kwehydrocarbons, chikamu chinokosha chemafuta uye gasi minda. Ichokwadi chokuti iwe unogona kudonhera pasi pasi makiromita mazhinji nekuda kwesayenzi, uye kwete "goridhe dema," inenge isingayeukwi.

Makore anopfuura makumi mana apfuura kubva pazuva iro rakadzika rakadzika munhoroondo yekugadzira basa rakaiswa paKola Peninsula, pedyo neguta reZapolyarny muRussian. Chinangwa chayo chaiva "shena" yesayenzi - zvakanga zvakakodzera kuongorora lithosphere munzvimbo iyo, pakadzika kukuru, masayendisiti aitarisira kuwana mashoko akawanda anofadza. Zera rematombo akadzidza raiwanzofungidzirwa pamakore mabhiriyoni matatu - panguva ino Nyika yakanga ichiri muduku zvikuru.
Makore okutanga ekurorera akanga asiri akasiyana zvikuru nemabasa anowanzoitwa panguva yekuongorora kwemafuta uye gasi. Kunyange iyo midziyo yakashandiswa yaizivikanwa, serial. Pasi pemamita zviuru zviviri, tambo yakakonzerwa yakatanga kugadzirwa nemapapiro, mukugadzirwa kweiyo aluminium alloys yaishandiswa - mamiriyoni makhilomita esimbi yekomba yakange isingagoni kumira yakasimba. Iyo yakawanda yakagadzika kuyerwa kwetambo yekukanda inenge mazana maviri matani.

Kunyangwe vasati vasvika pamakiromita manomwe, Kola yakadzika-dzika yakatanga kupa masayendisiti nemapuzzles chaiwo. Bhoer yakakonzera granite imwe chete yehutano hwakasiyana, iyo yakanga isina kufunga kuti inotsiviwa nebasalt. Pakadzika makiromita nehafu, pakanga pane zvigadziri zvemhangura. Pashure peimwe 1.5 makiromita iyo yakagadzirwa samukira yakamutswa yedombo yakave yakafanana zvikuru nemidhori yevhu inowanikwa neSoviet stations kubva kuMwedzi. Izvo kutonhora zvakakura zvakakurumidza kudarika mune zvidzidzo zvedzidzo. Uye zvinyorwa zvisikwa zvakawanikwa mumuenzaniso kubva pakadzika makiromita 6.7 zvakaita kuti masayendisiti vabvunze matanho ekutanga ehupenyu pasi pano.
Pashure pokusvika pakadzika mazana manomwe emamita, tsime rakadzama rakada nzira dzakawanda dzemazuva ano panguva iyoyo. Panguva ino kubvongodza kwaive kwakaoma zvikuru nekuda kwekufamba kwematombo akacheka ane simba shoma. Iro rinotora maawa makumi maviri nemaviri, mairi maawa mana chete ekufambisa kwakakodzera, nguva yose yakange iine kuwedzera kunononoka kwetambo yekuchera kutora nzvimbo yekuchera yakanga isingagoneki munguva iyi . Kana kwaiva kuchipatara ichidonhera mukati mehombekombe yedombo, pazvaiedza kukwira, chikamu chekamuri yacho yakagurwa. Yakanga ichisimudza uye ichienderera mberi kupotora nekutsauka kwechombo, pamwe nebazi idzva.

Kubvira muna 1979, Kola Superdeep yakaonekwa sepamusoro pehupfumi "nzvimbo yakadzika kwazvo pasi pose." Muna 1983, drillers vakatora makiromita 12 makiromita. Gore rakatevera, nekuda kwekuputika mumutsara, zvaive zvakakodzera kutanga zvakare nemakiromita manomwe. Muna 1990, Guinness Book of Records yakanyora rekodi yakazosvika pane rimwe bazi idzva. Yaiva 12.262 mamita. Uye kuputsika kwekutanga muhurukuro mushure meizvi kuisa pfungwa mundima.

Vakamirira teknolojia itsva, yakanyanyisa, asi haina kumboonekwa. Mari yekubhadhara yakapedzwa. Hurumende yakanga isingafariri mberi kwe "rwendo kuenda kumucheto wePasi." Muna 2008, mvura yakadzama yakarasikirwa nemidziyo yakabviswa kubva nayo. Nhasi yakasiyiwa, uye zvivakwa zvayo zvishoma nezvishoma zvinoparadzwa. Nyanzvi dzinotaura kuti zvinogona kudzorera Kola superdeep, isu chete tinoda kuwana makumi emamiriyoni eRubles pane imwe nzvimbo ...