Mukuru dzenhoroondo Vanyori: mazita yakanakisisa. Russian dzenhoroondo Vanyori

Classical Vanyori anozivikanwa pasi rose. zita rimwe nerimwe riri chiridzwa shasha - yokukosha unhu munhoroondo tsika.

Chii weclassical

Classical Music - mashiripiti nziyo, vakasikwa matarenda vanyori, iyo hunzi dzenhoroondo Vanyori. mabasa avo akasiyana uye ichagara kwokudiwa muiti uye muteereri. Classical, kune rumwe rutivi, akadana yakaoma, glubokosoderzhatelnuyu mumhanzi, kwete chokuita nzvimbo: dombo, Jazz, chevarwere, Pop, chanson, etc. Ukuwo, munhoroondo kukura mimhanzi nguva yokuguma XIII - pakutanga XX remakore, rinonzi .. classicism.

Classical yemisoro akasiyana kutobaya matauriro, chakagadziridzwa, siyana mavara uye kuwirirana. Vane kunobatsirawo pamusoro mupfungwa maonero enyika vakuru nevana.

Zvokukura Kugadzirwa weclassical. unhu hwavo muchidimbu uye zvinokosha zvenyaya

Munhoroondo weclassical, unogona kuziva matanho:

• Renaissance kana Renaissance - mangwanani wa14 - wokupedzisira kota ramakore rechi16. MuSpain England panguva Renaissance nguva dzakapfuura kusvikira mukutanga kwezana remakore rechi17.
• Baroque - Renaissance akauya idzokere uye kusvikira mukutanga rechi18. Spain yaiva musimboti zvidavado.
• Classicism - nguva kukura European tsika kubva mangwanani rechi18 kusvika mukutanga kwezana remakore rechi19.
• Romanticism - nevakomana kutungamirirwa classicism. Akazosvika kusvikira pezana remakore rechi19.
• Classics remakore rechi20 - yazvino yaitonga.

Brief unhu uye zvinokosha tsika nguva

1. Renaissance - yakareba budiriro munzvimbo dzese tsika. Vanyori of Renaissance - Tomass Tallis, Giovanni mambo Palestine, TL of Victoria uye anoumbwa mabasa usingafi akasiya zvizvarwa.

2. Baroque - munhambo ichi, pane zvitsva siyana mumhanzi: polyphony, dhanzi. Zvaive munguva iyi akasika zvisikwa ake inozivikanwa zvikuru dzenhoroondo Vanyori Bach, Handel, Vivaldi. fugues Bach vari yakavakwa maererano dzenhoroondo zvinodiwa: fanira abvume mitemo.

3. Classicism. Viennese dzenhoroondo Vanyori, akasika mabasa avo hwokusafa dzekare yaitonga: Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven. Rinooneka sonata chimiro, anowedzera mumhanzi. Mozart uye Haydn zvakasiyana anorema mabasa Bach nyore kuvaka uye mimhanzi yaunonyanya yakaisvonaka. Yaingova chaiwo, kuvavarira kuti pakukwana. Beethoven kuti mabasa - ndiwo mutsara kuonana kubva uchidanana uye chekare zvekunyanyisa. In kurira Ludwig Van Bethovena utere uye shungu zvinopfuura kodzera canons. Tinotaura Genres zvinokosha izvi zvakafanana nezvimwe sonata, Suite, dhanzi. Beethoven akapa simuka chokuda kumwedzi.

4. Romanticism. Musical nziyo hwokuratidza colorfulness, mutambo. Kuvakwa siyana rwiyo Genres, semuenzaniso, ballad. mabasa vakagamuchira Menduru piyano kubudikidza Liszt uye Chopin. Romantic tsika nhaka Tchaikovsky, Wagner, Schubert.

5. Classic XX remakore - kunoratidzwa yemunyori nechido innovate mukuwirirana, chero mashoko: aleatory, atonalizm. Works kubudikidza Stravinsky, Rachmaninoff, Glass rinoreva ainakidza format.

Russian dzenhoroondo Vanyori

Tchaikovsky PI - Russian Munyori, mumhanzi mutsoropodzi, magariro nemumiriri, mudzidzisi uye chevaimbi. kunyora kwake executable chaizvo. Vane vakaperera, zviri nyore kuona, kuratidza enhetembo mavambo wokuRussia mweya, mifananidzo Russian hunhu akanaka ari. Munyori akasikwa 6 ballets, 10 operas, nziyo inopfuura zana, 6 symphonies. Anozivikanwa munyika yose kutamba "Swan Lake", neOpera "Eugene Onegin", "Vana Album".

SV Rachmaninov - mabasa inozvikudza wenziyo mupfungwa uye anofara, uye vamwe - kunoshamisa kugutsikana. Genres yavo siyana: kubva zvidimbu duku Concerts uye operas. Kwose kuzivikanwa mabasa Munyori: neOpera "The Miserly Knight", "Aleko" musi Pushkin kuti nhetembo "The vechiGypsy", "Francesca mambo Rimini" iyi, akatorwa kubva "Comedy Divine," Dante kuti nhetembo "zvitare"; Suite "Symphonic nokupembera"; piyano concertos; Vocalise nokuti inzwi pamwe piyano kuenderana.

Borodin AP Aiva munyori, mudzidzisi, kemisiti, chiremba. Rinonyatsooneka kusikwa - neOpera "Prince Igor" panguva nhoroondo basa "The zvakaedza Igor kuti Campaign", iro rakanyorwa munyori anenge 18 makore. Mumakore upenyu Borodin haana nguva kuipedza, pashure porufu rwake, kuti dhanzi akapedza kunyora A. Glazunov uye N. Rimsky-Korsakov. Munyori mukuru muvambi dzenhoroondo quartets uye symphonies muRussia. Mugumo yose uye Russian National umhare nezvimwe ichaongororwa ari "Warriors" nezvimwe. paku kamuri, vekutanga nevechipiri quartets vakaziva hunoshamisa. Mumwe wokutanga kwakamboitwa kumabasa ose umhare inofananidza mabhuku Old Russian.

musicians zvikuru

Mussorgsky MP, yatiri kutaura - iri Munyori mukuru, mumwe muiti wechokwadi, akashinga innovator kukanganisa ostrosotsialnye matambudziko, Pianist guru uye muimbi anoshamisa. Rinonyatsooneka marimba mabasa ndivo dhanzi "Boris Godunov" nemabasa inoshamisa AS Pushkin uye "Khovanshchina" - chevarwere Musical mutambo, chikuru hunhu dhanzi - vanhu vaipandukira siyana evanhu strata; rokusika kutenderera "Pictures pagungano Exhibition", rakafuridzirwa nemabasa Hartmann.

MI Glinka - yakakurumbira Russian Munyori, muvambi dzekare kuitika Russian zvekuimba mutsika. Akapedza mutoo rakasikwa munhu kuchikoro Vanyori Russian, kunobva zvinokosheswa zvavo uye mumhanzi nenyanzvi. mabasa tenzi vari zvakazadza norudo nokuti Yababa, anoratidza pfungwa wezwi yavanhu kuti nhoroondo yaitonga. World akakurumbira zvavo Drama "Ivan Susanin" uye dhanzi-ngano "Ruslan uye Lyudmila" kwava kuitika mutsva Russian dhanzi. Symphonic anoshanda "Kamarinskaya 'uye' Spanish Overture" by Glinka - hwaro Russian nezvimwe.

Rimsky-Korsakov NA - unyanzvi Russian Munyori, mumwe mupurisa wengarava, mudzidzisi uye publicist. In basa rake kurondwa hova maviri: nhoroondo yacho ( "The chamber kuti Mwenga," "The Maid pamusoro muPskov") uye tarenda ( "Sadko", "The Snow Maiden" Suite "Scheherazade"). A pachena chinoratidza munyori wacho mabasa: ani, uchishandisa dzenhoroondo tsika, homophony ari harmonic pakuvaka mangwanani mabasa. Zvinyorwa dzake yemunyori manyorero: rudzi orchestral dambudziko yakavakwa kugomo Vocal hwakawanda, zvinhu zvinokosha.

Russian dzenhoroondo Vanyori vakatsvaka kuratidza mabasa avo rwacho tinoberekwa zvishande mafungiro uye ngano.

European tsika

Famous dzenhoroondo Vanyori Mozart, Haydn, Beethoven aigara guru mumhanzi tsika iyoyo - Vienna. Geniuses anosanganisa nyanzvi chaitwa, chakanakisisa compositional zvinogadzirisa, kushandiswa akasiyana zvitaera zvenziyo: kubva chevarwere mimhanzi yaunonyanya kuti polyphonic kukura zvenziyo dzinotaura. Nokuti mukuru Classics chairwo nzwisisika okusika rezvedzidzo basa, kugona, Kujeka pakuvaka nziyo siyana. mabasa avo vari organically vakasungwa pamwe pfungwa uye manzwiro, zvinosuwisa uye enyambo zvinoriumba, vakasununguka uye kuchengetedza.

Beethoven uye Haydn dzakazova kuna paku nziyo, Mozart nounyanzvi vakakwanisa kuchengeta zvose operatic uye orchestral mabasa. Beethoven aiva risingaenzaniswi Musiki umhare mabasa Haydn vakaonga uye zvinobudirira kushandiswa mabasa zvinosetsa, chevarwere Genre Valais, Mozart aiva munyori-rounder.

Mozart - musiki paku sonata fomu. Beethoven runokwaniswa izvozvo, vakauyisa risingaenzaniswi dzakakwirira. Viennese dzenhoroondo nguva yaiva nguva kubudirira quartet. Haydn, achiteverwa Beethoven uye Mozart, vanoita rakakura kukura Genre ichi.

Italian vanatenzi

Dzhuzeppe Verdi - chinoshamisa muimbi remakore rechi19, akakurukura zvetsika Italian dhanzi. With vakabuditsa umhizha. Mugumo kunyora kwake simbi operas "Il Trovatore," "La Traviata", "Othello", "Aida".

Niccolo Paganini - akaberekerwa Nice, kumwe musically chipo nevanhu 18-19 emakore. Virtuoso gitare. Ndakanyorera Caprices, sonatas, quartets nokuda gitare, gitare, Viola uye chiridzwa chavo chinonzi cello. Akanyora concertos kuti gitare uye chikwata chevaimbi.

Dzhoakkino Rossini - akaita muzana remakore rechi19. Munyori pakunamata chamber mumhanzi, iye akanyora 39 operas. Mutsindo mabasa - "The Barber pamusoro Thiruvananthapuram," "Othello," "Cinderella," "The Thieving Magpie", "Semiramide".

Antonio Vivaldi - mumwe vamiririri kupfuura gitare art remakore rechi18. Akawana mukurumbira nemhaka ake paku concertos. Yakakurumbira basa - 4 gitare concerto "The Four Nemwaka '. Akararama zvibereko zvinoshamisa zvakasikwa upenyu, akanyora 90 operas.

Famous Italian dzenhoroondo munyori akasiya nokusingaperi zvekuimba nasledenie. Dzavo cantatas, sonatas, serenades, symphonies, operas ruchaita chizvarwa kupfuura mumwe.

Features mumhanzi kufarira mwana

Mimhanzi yakanaka chokwadi kunokanganisa psycho-mupfungwa kutanga mwana, mwana vanachiremba vanoti. mumhanzi zvakanaka kwakunoitwa kuti unyanzvi uye anoumba aesthetic kuravira, saka funga vadzidzisi.

mabasa mazhinji inozivikanwa dzenhoroondo Vanyori akasika vana, kufungisisa zvepfungwa dzavo, manzwisisire uye chaizvo zera, kureva. E. Nokuti nokunzwa, uye mumwe akadzikama dzinodya zvimedu pakutevedzera akasiyana zvidimbu, nyore kuteerera uye magadzirirwo iripo kwavari.

"Vana Album" Tchaikovsky nokuti vaduku pianists. Izvi Album-kuzvitsaurira muzukuru Davydov, Kuchibhotla, uyo aida mumhanzi uye aiva mwana chipo chaizvo. The muunganidzwa vanopfuura 20 dambe, vamwe vavo vari kwakavakirwa ngano: vavariro Neapolitan, Russian kutamba, Tyrolean uye mutinhimira French. A muunganidzwa "Vana Songs" Tchaikovsky rakagadzirirwa auditory manzwisisire vateereri vana. Songs netariro mwoyo remvura, shiri, maruva bindu ( "bindu rangu"), pamusoro tsitsi dzaKristu uye Mwari ( "Jesu aiva mumunda mwana").

Vana Classics

Nokuti vana vakashanda dzenhoroondo Vanyori zhinji, mazita mishonga izvo siyana kwazvo.

SS Prokofiev "Petro Wolf" - a symphonic ngano vana. Nemhaka ngano iyi, vana nezvevanakomana zvokuridzira nziyo nezvimwe kwaya. Text dzechembere akanyorwa Prokofiev.

R. Schumann "Zvinhu kubva Childhood" - duku Musical ngano vane nyaya nyore, zvakanyorwa vemifananidzo vakura, ndangariro pauduku.

Kutenderera nokuti piyano ne Debussy, "Vana Corner".

M. Ravel "Mother Goose" by Charles Perrault rengano.

Bartok B. "wokutanga Nhanho piyano."

Zvinogara vana S. Gavrilova "Nokuti vaduku"; "The nemagamba rengano"; "Vaduku vakomana iri."

D. Shostakovich "The Album kuti piyano zvimedu vana."

JS Bach "Notebook nokuti Anna Magdalena Bach". Kudzidzisa vana vavo kuti mumhanzi, asike kwavari rinokosha mutambo uye muviri pamusoro pokumuka unyanzvi hwokukurukura.

J. Haydn - muvambi of dzekare nezvimwe. Akasika munhu nezvimwe chaiyo vanoda "Vana". Used Tools: Nightingale nevhu, rira, neshiri yegungwa - ugozvipa kujairika inzwi jee uye haateereri.

Saint-Saëns C. tega zvokungofungidzira kuti kwaya uye pianos zviviri pasi zita "Carnival CHEMHUKA", zvinoreva mumhanzi nounyanzvi raibudisa clucking pakati sheche, nokuomba shumba, nzou hanya nenzira dzake rwokufamba, touchingly ichiyevedza nejichidza.

Kunyora Nziyo vana uye vechidiki, mukuru dzenhoroondo Vanyori Vaitarisira dzinonakidza storylines basa, Kuwanikwa zvokunyama, kufungisisa aronga makore ari muiti kana muteereri.