Mastoiditis: chii? Mastoiditis zviratidzo, zviratidzo uye kurapwa

An zvirwere kunokanganisa zvinhu zvenyama dzevanhu bvupa Nemadehenya nokuda purulent kuzvimba pakati nzeve acho - a mastoiditis. Chii, nokuti zvikonzero, uye pane chii zvaitika kunogona - mibvunzo yose ichakurukurwa munyaya yedu. Zvisinei, kunzwisisa hunhu Nezvekwakabva chirwere, zvinokosha kunzwisisa tsanangudzo mastoid kwacho uye anatomical nemamiriro evanhu dehenya.

The nemamiriro dehenya. pfupa nezvepanyama

Human yeDehenya chakaumbwa chine mijenya kuti conventionally rakakamurwa mapoka makuru maviri - pfupa medullary pfupa dhipatimendi uye chiso nharaunda. Kuwedzera mapfupa aya pakati nzeve mhango kune marudzi matatu aiwanzopiwa wokushanda mapfupa - nenyundo, panhera uye stirrup. Rwepanyama pfupa - pfupa kubva boka chepfungwa kadhi, izvo anoumba mujinga dehenya. Pfupa epanyama rose zvakawanda tsinga hunde dzacho:

• vestibular-cochlear,
• mberi,
• trigeminal fundo
• mbeya,
• glossopharyngeal tsinga.

Zvenyama pfupa ine zvitatu: squamous, tympanic uye matombo. Scale nharaunda unoumba munhu lateral kumadziro dehenya; Drum chikamu - the chinhu kuti runopoteredza nzeve Canal; matombo chikamu sokunge chepiramidhi, uye anoita mashandiro mumidziyo nokuti pakati uye yomukati nzeve, kuburikidza uko kupfuura midziyo ropa. Pyramid zvinosanganisira hukawanika matatu - mberi undovakira uye pasi. Yakaderera mhando mastoid.

Pfungwa uye nemamiriro mastoid

Mastoid ari conical zvakaumbwa fungidziro dzinongoda seri nzeve. The womukati nemamiriro mastoid - a muzvizhinji repfupa in akazara mhepo uye kutaura yapakati nzeve (tympanic mhango pamwe) Via mastoid bako. Cave (antrum) - chikuru muchitokisi mastoid. By ari mastoid muitiro fastens tsandanyama, chine zvitatu zvinoti - the sternum, clavicle uye mastoid.

Sechivako zvichiitika nomumwe nomumwe munhu. Kune mhando nhatu ayo mamiriro. Pneumatic mamiriro - mastoid ine masero makuru akazadzwa mhepo. Diploeticheskoe mamiriro - chidziro chisingazununguki masero madiki akazara mwongo. Sclerotic mamiriro - sero mamiriro ari chaizvo havaratidzi yakatanga.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti mhando mamiriro mastoid zvaanoda chaizvo kuti mastoiditis. Uye kazhinji, mastoiditis ikabuda vanhu pneumatic nemamiriro mastoid kwacho.

Mastoiditis: chii?

Mastoiditis - chinhu kushoma kuti rikaitika lining webako (antrum) kana iri cellular nemamiriro rwepanyama mapfupa. Patsanura ari zvokurwara pamusoro siyana chikonzero. Kazhinji akaratidza mhando mbiri chirwere - nesekondari mastoiditis.

Sezvacherechedzwa kare, izvozvo anokurukura pamwe mastoid pamusoro tympanic mhango. Most zviitiko mastoiditis kunoitika nokuda chirwere ari mastoid pamusoro pakanyorwa pakati nzeve chokutsva. Mufananidzo uyu kurapwa zvinoratidza mastoiditis yechipiri sezvo pakava echirwere otitis vezvenhau.

The inonyanya kukonzera rikwanise mastoiditis vari streptococci uye staphylococci, kanenge - Pseudomonas aeruginosa nezvimwe Kurovedza uye anaerobic utachiona. Very zvisingawanzoitiki zviitiko umo hosha kunokonzerwa mycobacteria.

Primary mastoiditis - a zvokurwara rinogona kuitika:

• Nokuda kukuvadzwa yakakonzerwa vapfurwa ronda kana musoro dehenya.
• In yezwi purulent rikurumidze pamusoro mastoid mapfupa ari node nodes.
• Nokuda zvimwe zvirwere - TB kana zvirwere granulomas.

Muitiro chirwere apa. Kana kukuvara kuitika akawanda mitswe ose matete madziro iri pfupa, zvichiguma nokuumbwa zvimedu duku, izvo, pamwe wakateura ropa rakasikwa yakanaka zvakatipoteredza kunyunguduka pfupa nezvimedu uye kufambira mberi kuzvimba.

Pavaipfuura chirwere

Kazhinji, kukura mastoiditis kaviri muzvikamu zviviri:

• exudative,
• proliferative uye nzira.

The kutanga kwekupwanyiwa kukura mastoiditis - exudative, iye anoramba mazuva 7-10. Panguva ino, kukudziridza kuzvimba mastoid. The mucous Kamudzira unozvimba, ari mastoid sero mamiriro dzakavharika, vakazadzwa pus uye uremu vanoparadzaniswa kubva mastoid mubako. The XRD muenzaniso Danho iri chirwere zvinoratidza kwounyengeri partitions pakati masero.

Alternative-proliferative pavaipfuura chirwere hwokuratidza kuparadzwa partitions raiparadzanisa masero uye chitarisiko mapoka masero, izvo batanidza kuva volumetric mhango. Kuchinja kuitika mu mumwongo uye vascular ezvirevo.

Dzimwe kukura cholesteatoma pakati nzeve kunogona kukonzera zvakasiyana pathological pezvakaitwa pamuviri, kusanganisira mastoiditis. Chii? Cholesteatoma ari Kamudzira, rine cornified epithelial masero.

Mastoiditis: Zviratidzo

Mabatirwo mastoiditis - muitiro nguva-pakuzadza. Naizvozvo, kuti vabudirire mubhizimisi ichi, zvakakosha kuziva zvirwere vepakutanga huchiri. Zvichienderana sei zviratidzo pachena mastoiditis, kusiyanisa kwese uye atypical siyana chirwere. For atypical kana Isimba rakadini rinogona kubudiswa chimiro chirwere dzinoratidzwa usimbe aibuda pasina kutaurwa zviratidzo.

In randinenge muchimiro mastoiditis, varwere anganyunyuta ane marwadzo yatumbuka uye musoro, izvo runosvika kune seri musoro kana pahuma; kuzvimba mastoid nharaunda. Unopinza mumatenhere munyama, kunyanya paumbwe purulent kwacho mavari, pinna akabuda sezvikuru.

Saka pamberi chirwere anogona kuratidza vakachinja parameters uye bvunzo ropa mugumisiro yomuka kushoma.

Nokuti mastoiditis angaperekedzwa kukura Gradenigo kuti urwere, umo kuoma abducens. Murwere zvave zvava kundiomera kufambisa muviri yeziso kubva murwere nzeve. Photophobia anogona kutanga. Zviratidzo izvi kazhinji anoratidza shoma kuzvimba meninges, iyo zviratidzo kurutsa, dzungu, yaitsigira divi nomusoro.

Zviratidzo akafanana zviratidzo mastoiditis furunculosis zvokunze nzeve uyewo kuzvimba node nodes raiva seri auricle. Sezvo vezvikwata izvi dziri nechepakati munzvimbo mastoid muitiro, zvavanokupai kufamba node rose nzeve. In hwakanaka mamiriro, mumwe node raiva pedyo nebundu iri nyore detectable. Apo chirwere zvose zviri node nodes vari ndokudzora. Kana mastoiditis nevezera nodes kunokonzera hapana kurwara migumisiro pamusoro mastoid mapfupa - kunokonzera; kana adenitis vari kuchinjwa.

In tichienzanisa nzira hosha iri vakuru, mastoiditis vana zvinogona dzinoratidzwa nonspecific zviratidzo uye akaratidza nokurasikirwa kudya, manyoka, kushatirwa, voga kubva kwokunze nzeve.

Atypical siyana mastoiditis

Kuwedzera hwokufananidzira siyana chirwere, vanachiremba kusiyanisa atypical siyana mastoiditis. Rakajairika siyana dzinosanganisira:

• zigomatitsit,
• mastoiditis chakaderedzwa mutengo-mutsipa have subspecies mana
• The Squam,
• petrozit.

Zigomatitsit - a mastoiditis mhando, umo kushoma asiwo zygomatic muitiro, cheekbones kuzvimba rinowanikwa munzvimbo pamberi nzeve. Kamwe edema aumbwa imwe mota.

In vana, pangava "venhema" siyana zigomatitsitov - pute chisingazivi kukanganisa mumasero pamudzi zygomatic muitiro. Sezvo vana dzinokudziridzwa zvakanaka chete bako kuti kazhinji kuva antritis - kuzvimba mucous Kamudzira yacho antrum mastoid. Kare, chirwere ichi chakaita kuti yakakwirira mucheche vanourayiswa prices.

Squam - a purulent kwacho inokanganisa zvenyama pfupa.

Kana kuzvimba inotanga munzvimbo zvenyama mapfupa piramidhi, ipapo petrozit. Zviya, petrozity kutanga zvishoma nezvishoma.

Types chakaderedzwa mutengo-mutsipa mastoiditis

By Shane chakaderedzwa mutengo mastoiditis dzinosanganisira:

• Betsoldovsky mastoiditis - zvokurwara, umo pus iri richiparadzirwa munharaunda sternocleidomastoid tsandanyama, uye munzvimbo yacho mastoid chakaderedzwa mutengo kune kuzvimba. The pachoto pathologies kungasava kuonekwa pamusoro lateral fungidziro tomography rwepanyama pfupa. Symptomatic mastoiditis chimiro panguva kutanga kwekupwanyiwa Murombo mufambo kwemitsipa.
• Mastoiditis Chetelli - zvokurwara umo pus chinopinda rwemberi penyika mastoid muitiro.
• Mastoiditis Moore - chirwere umo pus kunosvika pakati pamutsipa tsandanyama nokuda kuzvimba remuromo node raiva pedyo nebundu pute aumbwa. Muchiitiko chino, pane mumatenhere mutsipa, zvino angatanga fistulas.
• Mastoiditis Orleans - zvokurwara, umo munzvimbo yokumusoro chikamu sternocleidomastoid tsandanyama kuumbwa kuzvimba, unyoro pamusoro kumanikidza. Zvisinei, hakuna okuyerera pus kubva nzeve, kusafanana Betsoldovskogo mastoiditis.

Diagnostics

Kazhinji, zvokuongorora kuti "mastoiditis" yakatarwa, kwakavakirwa nhoroondo murwere zvokurapa. Izvi inorangarira ichinonoka nzeve zvokurwara, kuitwa kurapa, kuvapo / kusavapo yematambudziko; inofungidzirwa pakaputsika vakawanda mamiriro utano. Mukuwedzera, chirwere haisi yokupedzisira basa reDare murwere zvichemo, rokuongorora uye palpation Nzeve, migumisiro otoscopy, audiometry, rabhoritari zvinoyerera kubva nzeve, ziso ophthalmoscopy uye biomicroscopy. Computed tomography - mureza nzira nawo mastoiditis chirwere. Chii? Izvi mhando nechirwere unokubvumira kunyatsoona dzose dehenya mamiriro uye kuongorora kukura pave purulent pezvakaitwa uye kure uropi uye chiso etsinga. nzira iyi yakavakirwa munhu phased kudzidza sechivako chinhu - akaenzanisa migumisiro maekisirei panguva yakasiyana mune tishu arambe achirema. The Data vakawana vari pasi zvakaoma kombiyuta kugadzira.

X-ray yacho dehenya Somuenzaniso, kunobatsira kuzivisa pachena distinguishable sero masvingo somugumisiro kushoma, iri pachena anoratidza kukura mastoiditis. Uyezve, kana vanofungidzirwa mastoiditis kuitwa navanachiremba Kuongororwa ropa uye pus kubva nzeve aikanganiswa nemishonga.

Kuti chirwere "mastoiditis", ungafanira kubvunza munhu otolaryngologist kwete chete, asiwo vamwe vanachiremba - chiremba wetsinga, chiremba wemazino, ophthalmologist, chiremba.

kuchinja mabatiro

Kazhinji, asi zvokurwara anogona kumiswa yekare kare yemagwaro. Kana munhu pakarepo vanokumbira rubatsiro kune nyanzvi uye vawane nenguva kurapwa (nemishonga), izvozvo anomira kupararira chirwere, uye kunogona vaifungidzira kuti murwere haana matambudziko inomuka mune ramangwana, iyo hunokonzera mastoiditis.

Marapirwo rinoitwa sezvinotevera. Chokutanga, shandisa rimwe chakarondedzera mushonga. Uyezve, maererano nemigumisiro Murabhoritari zvidzidzo zviri zvipenyu zvinhu vanotumirwa dzakananga mishonga kuti zvikuru achitaura kushanda akaziviswa pamusoro Kurovedza uye anaerobic utachiona. Complete kubviswa chirwere kungada refu mushonga mishonga. Izvi imhaka yokuti nemishonga vachinetseka chichipinda nemamiriro mastoid kwacho. Uyewo haana warambidzwa dzokororo kwechirwere chacho, zvingava chirwere mastoiditis.

Panguva kutanga kwekupwanyiwa kurapwa mastoiditis pasina complicating zvinhu zviri kunzwisisa pamwe kuramba kurapa anogona kupiwa physiotherapy (UHF, microwave). A yakanaka kuchirapa nomugumisiro vane anorumanya nzvimbo seri nzeve. Panzira, vanogona kuva nokudziya uye kuchitonhora.

Kushandiswa kwakapararira inorwisa mabhakitiriya munyika dzakasimukira zvikuru kwakaderedza kuitika mastoiditis uye kwakaita kuti zvakanakira kuchinja kurapwa pamusoro kuvhiyiwa.

kuvhiya kurapwa

Kazhinji, mushonga kurapa haripi kuvandudzwa murwere utano. Muzviitiko zvakadaro, kuvhiya Mabatirwo pathological pezvakaitwa anokonzera mastoiditis. Mukushanda, Zvisinei, hazvirevi apikise yakafanana kuchinja kurapwa.

Pakati rakajairika zvomusejari nzira dziri myringotomy - incision eardrum - uye kudzidzisa tympanostomy chubhu, kuona excretion kuti pus kubva nzeve. Pashure imwe nguva - kubva mavhiki maviri inoverengeka - kumicheto nomuzvarirwo zvachose eardrum uye incision anoporesa zvoga.

Antromastoidotomy - pokuvhiyiwa, umo akazarura antrum uye mastoid trepanning. Chinangwa kuvhiya hazvisi kubviswa zvachose kwakakanganisa munyama. Pane zviitiko apo kuvhiya kupindira akabvisa yose muitiro wayo muromo. bata kwakadaro anonzi mastoidectomy. Zviri zvikuru kunzwisisa uye kuita nawo chiitiko yematambudziko kana pasina zvakanaka simba kurapwa. Children pasi makore matatu kuita antrotomiyu - bata of antrum, sezvo vari havaratidzi dzakabudirira mastoid.

Matambudziko mastoiditis. dziviriro

Pasina chirwere kana kurapwa zvirwere yacho yakapoteredza zvinyama, izvo zvingaita kuti zviome siyana, dzakadai kusanzwa, labyrinthitis uye Somugumisiro - mune dzungu, kunzwa kurasikirwa. The chirwere kunogona kukanganisa chiso etsinga uye kukonzera kuoma tsandanyama dzechiso. Mastoiditis kazhinji chikonzero subperiosteal pute rukungiso kukura zigomatitsita, skvamita, petrozita, otogenny paresis. Kana kushoma kukanganisa uropi Kamudzira hwapedyo yomumuzongoza. Kuvapo chero yematambudziko izvi murwere - ichi kunoratidza kuti kuvhiya kupindira.

Task uye nachiremba uye murwere - kudzivirira kukura mastoiditis. Kudzivirira chirwere hunonyatsobatana kudzivisa ane pute yapakati nzeve - a zvokurwara inonzi "otitis vezvenhau". Mastoiditis - chirwere usingagoni kumhanya. Zviratidzo zvacho uye zvinokonzera zvinofanira kutariswa tanga. Treatment vanofanira kuva vakakodzera uye zvakakwana.

Not yokupedzisira basa iri kuridzwa pano uye masoja yevanhu emuviri uye kukwanisa kwayo kudzivisa chirwere. Zvakakosha kuti vatarisire nasal mhango uye muromo, kudzivisa anogumbura chirwere ari nasopharynx. Zvinobatsira vari kudzivirira mastoiditis mangwanani nechirwere zvirwere Nzeve uye kodzero asingaurayiwi mishonga.

Munyaya ruzivo pamusoro chii chaizvoizvo mastoiditis; zviratidzo, mabatiro zvirwere uye kudzivirira kwayo. Zvisinei, tinoona kuti mashoko zvambotaurwa chinokuvadzwa familiarization. Naizvozvo, kana paine mubvunzo pamusoro chirwere hwobva kurapwa kubva mazvikokota.