Markus Wolf: Biography, mabasa, mapikicha

Unoziva aiva musoro yakanakisisa ungwaru munyika? Ndiani Markus Wolf? Pezvatinotaura musoro Main Intelligence Department, pamusoro mhuri yake uye upenyu.

Biography

Markus Wolf akaberekerwa 01.19.1923 mutaundi Hechingen. Akakurira mumhuri vanachiremba uye munyori wemitambo. Pashure Hitler akauya simba inozivikanwa tsamwisa kutaura baba vake Marcus kugara Germany yakanga nengozi.

Kufambira mu Russia

Pashure pokurarama imwe nguva kuSweden uye France, Wolff akatamira guru Russian. Ikoko vakapiwa chizvarwa Soviet. Mushure mhuri Hondo Yenyika Yechipiri Marcus akanga akatizira Bashkiria. Ikoko, Markus Wolf akaenda kuchikoro chaiyo apo kugadzirira nyanzvi mune uchenjeri uye yokukanganiswa shure muvengi mitsetse.

Graduation uye kutanga basa

Pashure okuguma Great Patriotic War, Markus Wolf akatumirwa Berlin. Muzhizha 1945, akashanda ari Berlin redhiyo uye kudhindwa reShanduro "Berliner Zeitung". Muna 1946, pamwe chete nezvimwe correspondents, Wolf akapa kubvunzurudza rokuNuremberg miedzo.

Pakazosvika 1950, Marcus aiva nedzenyu unyanzvi uye wenhau basa, uyewo nyika kushanyira European. 02.08.1950 makore paumbwe GDR, akasikwa Department of National kuchengeteka ( "neStasi"). Zvinosanganisira ubanguranyika, masiki nguva yokutanga pasi achinyepera zvoupfumi zveBhaibheri masangano. Kubvira pakutanga kwayo, Markus Wolf yakava chikamu chacho utariri.

Kubva 1958 kusvika 1987, mwanakomana munyori wemitambo akagadzwa musoro huru undercover utungamiriri, uye akanga Mutevedzeri mushumiri National norunyararo GDR. Paaiita utariri kwake German Democratic Republic ane inonyatsobudirira musori basa States of Warsaw chibvumirano. Rinonyatsooneka mberi kutarisirwa kwaro vanosanganisira NATO mudziyo financier Rainer Rupa.

sacking

Muna 1983, Wolf basa, asi chikumbiro chake vaiona chete pashure 3 years. Pashure pamusoro reunification yokuGermany Musoro Central Intelligence Markus Wolf, akakumbira socio-enyika pokuvanda kubva Soviet Union, asi akanga aramba.

hurumende

Mukuru akanga aona kuvhuya chitunha ungwaru yamabhuku, kutambudzwa navo, uyewo vapone 3 miedzo kuzvivimba. Colonel-General Marcus Wolf akapomerwa kumusoro ndamukirwa. Muna 1993, akatongerwa nokuda High Court of Düsseldorf kusvika 6 makore mujeri. The mutongo yakazopiwa chichiregwa.

Books Wolf

A vazhinji mabhuku akanyorwa Markus Wolf. Biography pamusoro General rine zvakawanda pamusoro pavo. Inonyanya nomukurumbira mabhuku ake: "veTroika" uye "Neshamwari hamufi." Ekupedzisira Vanyori anomirirwa kuRussia.

Markus Wolf (Makore oupenyu - 1923-2006), sezvo takaona, harisi chete nyanzvi Scout, asiwo munyori mukuru.

rombo rakanaka kudivi Marcus

Mumakore muupenyu Scout vachinyemwerera nemhanza. Famous zvakakwana mune mudenderedzwa rake raiva Markus Wolf. Mhuri, sezvo takaona kwokutanga, aizivikanwa akavonga kuna baba vake, munyori wemitambo, munyori uye muJudha. Muna 1937, apo iye akasungwa mukanyiwa enyika nhapwa, mhuri Marcus akaramba takawanda. Yakanga isiri yokupedzisira fluke. Zvinofadza kuti pashure zviitiko rechi37 rokutonga yemberi zvidzidzo vitae Scout dzakanaka zvachose pamberi hurumende.

Lucky Wolff uye pashure chikoro vasori. Mushure nokudzidziswa akatumirwa mberi mutsetse. Kare, vasori zvinenge zvose ruzivo kuti vakatumirwa tsika akafa. Zviri Vongai chisarudzo management Marcus achiri mupenyu.

dizzying basa

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti Wolff rave akavakira kusimba zvikuru basa. Pazera makore makumi maviri nemapfumbamwe, ndokubereka mutungamiriri GDR ungwaru. Marcus kukurukura basa rake kuyemurwa uye zvakanyorwa pamusoro pake dissertation. Wolf pachake haana kumbobvira vakataura pamusoro wake Mujaho basa. Pamusoro mubvunzo pakugadzwa, nguva dzose akapindura dryly uye muchidimbu.

Chikonzero yokurega uye upenyu pashure wake

The chikonzero chaiyo pakati yokurega chinoramba zvisinganzwisiswi nhasi. Zvinozivikanwa kuti muna 1986, Markus Wolf aidavira kuti hurumende inoda worupo kutendeuka uye GDR utungamiri akafunga zvakasiyana. Sources dzinoratidza kuti ichi ndicho chikonzero kusiya, nekuti zera Marcus haana basa, uye pamwe GDR, aiva noukama hwakanaka. Kuwedzera Wolf kuti yokurega akanga akakwiridzirwa kusvika Colonel-General.

Sezvo isu akatsanangura kare, vakaenda mumwe mudyandigere, Markus Wolf akafarirawo zvokunyora mabhuku. Der Trojka - yake yakakurumbira edition, umo iye mhosva Stalinism uye noruyemuro vakabvuma pamusoro Gorbachev kuti perestroika. General Wolf ingangodaro kuti akavimba, nekuti aiziva pamusoro Stalinism kupfuura vamwe. basa iri awana mukurumbira kwete chete muna GDR, asiwo West.

Zvinofadza Wolf pashure racho bhuku rava rimwe huru vaitsoropodza uye varwi kugadzirisa kumabvazuva kweGermany.

Man Pasina Face

"Man Pasina Face" - mumwe rekunyepedzera saka West yave ainzi Markus Wolf. Photo pamusoro Colonel-General aisagona kuwana vasori. Zvinofadza kuti kunyange Wolf kufamba takasununguka kumativi Europe. Muna 1979 mutevedzeri Marcus akatizira Germany uye akazivisa mukuru wake mumwe mapikicha akatorwa mu Stockholm. Nokukurumidza, mufananidzo uyu waiva pabutiro imwe magazini.

Interesting zvinhu kubva muupenyu Scout

Sezvo yapfuura takati, dzimwe nguva duku Scout vaigara Soviet Union. Ndokusaka ikoko anonzi Misha, sezvo zita Marcus doro "kugurwa" guhwa.

Zvinofadza kuti muna Russian chikoro German mukomana kurangarira kwenguva refu. Kusimba, nokuti kubvuma kuti chikoro aita anenge matatu gumi nembiri pamusoro girama, nyora dzomutauro, uye manyorerwo zvikanganiso zviri Russian dhikitesheni, uye kunyange nyaya I flunked ari bvunzo pamusoro ... German! Kusvikira kumugumo woupenyu hwake Marcus pachena uye pasina chinhu madudziro emazwi akataura Russian, uye kunyange vanoziva chiperengo mitemo.

Marcus Family. Pamakore okupedzisira oupenyu hwake

Zvinozivikanwa kuti muupenyu hwake Wolf akanga akaroora runa. The okupedzisira zita rake mudzimai Andrea. Vaiva nevana vana, vazukuru gumi maviri chibvi. Zvinofadza kuti mumwe vazukuru Scout zita Michael ari mwana uye aizviti Marcus. Mumakore okupedzisira oupenyu hwake hwakapedzerwa ushori Berlin vari Villa nemhuri yake. Epamba panguva Villa inoremekedzwa mumwe aimbova vagari pamutemo, izvo akazova nhengo yemhuri, kwete chete governess.

Mumakore vaviri makore hwake Marcus aifarira kuzorora muHungary uye kusangana vaimbova navo pamusoro kofi. Pasinei akwegura, okupedzisira oupenyu hwake Wolf kazhinji akamutsa nyaya uye akaramba zvakazara ruregero nokuda ekare vasori. Pashure pezvose, zhinji neshamwari, vatinoshanda navo uye mamwe masoja Marcus Dzakachengetwa uye pashure makore zviuru zviviri.

asinganzwisisiki munhu

Pasinei mitemo German, kuti mudyandigere iri vakabhadhara paltry njere vashandi. Markus Wolf akawana okupedzisira namashanu hwake kuburikidza kunyora mabhuku, izvo kushandurirwa mumitauro yose yenyika, uyewo filming anonzi uye hurukuro. Vatsoropodzi vakayemura dzavo panyaya mabhuku akanyorwa Markus Wolf. Vanodavira kuti munyori ane tarenda iri narrator, Scout. Aiziva kutaura chokwadi kuitira kuti pashure kuverenga aiva mibvunzo yakawanda pane mhinduro achiri.

Zvinoshamisa, anyora Wolf mabhuku autobiographical uye mubasa filming pamusoro anonzi, ake kuzivikanwa anoramba ane chakavanzika.

Wolf pamusoro Kubvunzurudzwa

Wolf vaisiyana kwete chete rakasiyana tarenda pakunyora mabhuku. Zvinozivikanwa kuti asati pamudyandigere ake, akanga pakubvunzurudzwa havana buritsa vaaishanda navo uye nguva dzose akatora mhosva. Marcus agara vaidavira kuti kuita zvakarurama, sezvo basa navo. Nokuti kuvimbika kwakadaro achitongwa ake okupedzisira asisiri muduku General, kunyange nemhosva, asi akagadzwa mudyandigere nokururamisira diki.

Pasinei zvose, mweya Marcus zvaitsvakwa Russian. Haana kumborega rudo naye. Ndiwo uye vakarondedzera ruzivo ake zvakanaka mutauro, pasinei nokuti kwemakore akawanda apfuura kubva panguva yaaigara ikoko. Kusvikira pamakore okupedzisira oupenyu hwake, General Vaigara hanzvadzi yake, aigara pamusoro Embankment muMoscow, uye takayemura guta weRussia.

The yakajeka kupfuura ndangariro

Mubvunzurudzo pfupi asati afa, wenhau akabvunza Wolff pamusoro chakajeka ndangariro vaduku. Zvinoshamisa, Marcus akati kuti chinonyanya asingakanganwiki chiitiko - iri kubatana Young Communist League, uyewo Mumusasa yezhizha.

unhu Great

Nakisisa murume akanga Markus Wolf. Gore pakuzvarwa uye rufu akaparadzanisa masere nemana, iyo Markus akazvisiyanisa somunhu, mumwe munyori uye akachenjera mukuru ane tsamba guru. Pasinei nezvinetso zvoupenyu, Wolf paanodzikama ose gore. Kunyange asati afa, akanga kusimba kushingaira uye akanaka munhu. Iye anofara nguva dzose kutaura kuvanhu uye kupa zano. Wolf ane incredible uchenjeri uye aigona kugadzirisa chero dambudziko. Agara akatendeseka uye zvakanaka. Kusimba, haana akapa vaaishanda navo. munhu mukuru akadaro zvechokwadi anezvakawanda kudzidza.