Maguta kupfuura Volga nharaunda: tsananguro, nhoroondo, kunyanya pekugara uye zvinonakidza zvinhu

Zvimwe vakawanda vakanzwa zita iri sezvo Volga nharaunda. Hazvishamisi, sezvo nzvimbo iyi nenzvimbo ine nharaunda yakakura uye kune nzvimbo inokosha muupenyu yose. Maguta Major of Volga nharaunda ndiwo vatungamiriri muzvinhu zvakawanda. Industry uye upfumi munharaunda iri rakaisvonaka dzakabudirira. Nyaya vachapiwa akatsanangura zvakadzama pamusoro chikuru vakawanda nzvimbo yacho Volga, pamusoro placement dzavo, upfumi uye dzimwe pfungwa dzinokosha.

Volga nharaunda: Vhuṱanzi

Tinofanira kutanga tinyatsoziva munharaunda pachayo. Kana ukapa mumwe tsanangudzo Volga nharaunda, zvinganzi kuti zvinosanganisira nzvimbo yakabatana Volga River. Havana kare pakazara kubva rwizi anoonekwa kuva rinokosha chokufambisa uye nevezvokutengeserana. Vakawanda Volga nharaunda chinosanganisira sandarara nomunzvimbo dzine. Pano kakawanda dzegirini uye duku nemumakomo nomunzvimbo dzine. Okunze nzvimbo idzi - unozvidzora Continental uye Continental mune dzimwe nzvimbo. The mamiriro ekunze havasi wakundwa, asi chando inogona kunyatsonanga kutonhora. Summer munharaunda kudziya, paavhareji tembiricha iri July rinowanzova pachiyero + 22-25 ˚ C.

Maguta Major of Volga nharaunda kufarira. Zvino nzvimbo iyi chaizvo vakawanda. Pane kukurumidza kutanga bhizimisi, kurima, nezvifambiso zvinosvika. Properties emaguta makuru ose Volga nharaunda kukonzerwa kune zvakanaka mamiriro ezvinhu tichitarisa dzezvoupfumi uye jogirafi. It ane refu nzvimbo kazhinji nekuratidzwa pedyo zvikuru yezvokutengeserana migwagwa (iyi - yakabatana Volga).

Guta unonyanyokosha nharaunda

Saka tiri zvishoma kuziva pachake Volga nharaunda. Zvino zvakafanira kuti titaure pamusoro nemisha yawo. Maguta kupfuura Volga dunhu - ndiye Kazan, Samara uye Volgograd. Vane vemo vanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni 1. Maguta aya vava maindasitiri chaivo nzvimbo, panguva vakaramba kukura nokukurumidza. Haufaniri tirasikirwe pfungwa uye mamwe maguta makuru ose Volga nharaunda. Pakati pavo vachati pamusoro Saratov, Ulyanovsk, Penza, Astrakhan, Nizhny Novgorod.

Vazhinji vari zvakare kufarira mubvunzo kuti chii guru guta iri Volga mudunhu. Panguva iyoyo, zvakadai yokugara iri Kazan. Zvino zvakafanira kuti funga mberi maguta kukosha mudunhu.

Kazan

Saka, unofanira kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro ichi guta rinoshamisa. It riri muna Republic of Tatarstan uye chiri pakati. Sezvineiwo, pane inoshanda chengarava ravakwa guru, apo dzose turnover kwenhumbi rinoitwa. The guta anozivikanwa munyika uye ane nzvimbo inokosha mune upfumi, sainzi, zvematongerwo enyika uye tsika nemagariro.

Kazan ndiro guta rekare. Chawo, maererano nedzimwe manyuko, kureva 1005. Saka, zviri pachena kuti guta rine nhoroondo zvechokwadi yekare. Pakutanga nhare rakaumbwa pano. Zvisinei, muzana remakore XIII, Kazan vakatanga kushingaira kutanga uye kukura. Zvishoma nezvishoma ikava chinokosha muzinda sezvo chikamu Golden Horde. Atova XV remakore rakava guta chinokosha Kazan Khanate, izvo inobhadhara mutero kunyange Moscow. Zvisinei, Ivan Grozny akatora guta, kuzvidzivirira zvose zvakanga woutsinye. Saka, Kazan yakava chikamu Russian wehurumende.

Zvino Kazan ndiro guta vanhu miriyoni imwe, muna 2016 vagari vemo aiva vanhu 1.216.965. Zviri zvakare rakakura maindasitiri muzinda. Pane zvakanaka dzakasimukira muchina building, chiedza indasitiri, uyewo kwemakemikari uye petrochemical zvinomera.

Samara

Vakawanda vanoshamisika chii musha ndiyo yechipiri pakukura. Takaona kuti guru guta iri Volga mudunhu iri Kazan. The rinotevera guta - ndiye Samara. Iye Anotiwo nzvimbo inokosha iri Volga upfumi nzvimbo. Muna 2016, guta rine vanhu vanhu vanenge 1.170.910.

Chokutanga, nhare yaiva pano. It rakaumbwa muna 1586. Chinangwa chikuru kuvakwa ichi chaiva kudzora kwebasa Volga uye kudzivirira yokurwiswa muArabhu nezvimwe vavengi waterways. Samara ane akapfuma kare. Somuenzaniso, muna XVII-XVIII emakore guta rakava muzinda kumukirawo pakati vanhuwo zvavo. Pane imwe nguva akanga akabatwa nemauto vakavimbika Stepanu Razinu. In pakati XIX remakore Samara Province akasikwa. Saka, guta vakavawo payo. Kunyange zvazvo nhamba vanogara munzvimbo idzi kwakawedzera zvikuru.

Kwenguva refu, kubva 1935, guta raiva rimwe zita - Kuibyshev. Zvisinei, kwakasarudzwa muna 1991 kudzoka zita rake ekare. Kufarira ndechokuti pano wakarebesa munyika embankment. Chimwe chinyorwa - muguta riri chirefu kupfuura chivako Europe yemapurisa.

Kana upfumi chezvinonhuwira guta nokuda kworutivi aimiririrwa maindasitiri akasiyana-siyana. Chinonyanya dzakabudirira dziri engineering rwekushanda nesimbi. Uyewo, guta rine vakawanda zvokudya indasitiri.

Volgograd

Chimwe guta guru Volga nharaunda - ichi Volgograd. nzvimbo iyi inoita basa rinokosha mune zvoupfumi, zvetsika, zvesayenzi uye dzimwe nharaunda yose nharaunda. vanogara guta muna 2016 raiva vanhu 1.016.137. Uchapupu uhwu zvinoratidza kuti ichi ndicho chokwadi chikuru ugari.

Nhoroondo idzi mufumi zviitiko siyana. Akazviratidza, kufanana nemamwe maguta akawanda Volga nharaunda, pedyo nevezvokutengeserana ndokupfuurira ari Volga. Idzi dzaiva nguva pasi pokutonga Golden Horde. Zvisinei, kubva pakutanga XV remakore nayo rwakakamukana akawanda vakaparadzana khanates. Zvishoma nezvishoma Muscovy aigona uchavakunda. Kutaurwa muguta (akashevedza Tsaritsyn) rokutanga rinoreva 1579. The guta akamborara vakawanda vachirwisa uye nguva imwe neimwe vakavakazve. Somuenzaniso, muna 1607, apo ari Tsaritsyno aiziva simba Venhema Dmitry II, guta rakundwa kungoerekana kubudikidza zvarayirwa Vasiliya Shuyskogo. Uye pakati XVII remakore, kwakava murimi mudiki yokumukira.

Sezvo XVIII uye pakutanga XX remakore guta rakakura nokukurumidza maindasitiri nemauto, uye zvishoma nezvishoma akava musimboti yose nharaunda. Zvino pano ndivo kupfuura dzakasimukira kuzvidzivirira maindasitiri, zvokuimba engineering simbi.

Saratov

Nguva dzose inokosha kutaurwa uye guta akafanana Saratov. Zviri zvakare chikuru zvoupfumi chezvinonhuwira ari Volga nharaunda. vagari vemo nokuti 2016 vanhu 843.460. Sezvineiwo, nzvimbo iri rimwe 20 Maguta kupfuura munyika, asi kwete maguta.

Umbwa Saratov rinoreva 1590. Ipapo nhare yakatangwa pano. Kare, paiva kugarwa Yechinwiwa Horde. Atova XVIII remakore, guta rakava rakakura muzinda, apo kutengeserana rakarongwa. At pakutanga XX remakore Saratov raiva pakukura guta riri Volga kwenhamba vagari.

Saka, zvaionekwa kwete chete pakukura guta iri Volga nharaunda, asi vamwe maguta makuru. Takasvika pakuziva nhoroondo dzavo uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvinofadza zvine chokuita navo.