Legal chiito seinokonzera mutemo Russian Federation

Pamwe nevamwe manyuko mutemo, tsika uye muenzaniso pamutemo chiito anofanira vakafunga nekaupenyu kunonoka muchero wokuva mutemo sezvo vaakasarudza nesangano evanhu ukama. Nhasi, zvinova kukosha kunyange munyika umo nheyo ehurumende marongedzero anopfuura rimwe remakore vari zvechitendero. In nyika yedu iri pamutemo repamutemo chiito guru basa atambe kwenguva refu. Mitemo weNyika mitemo, administrative magwaro nevarikutonga bazi hurumende ndiyo nheyo kwemitemo uye nokutonga sarudzo munyaya dzose paruzhinji ukama.

Basa mitemo nemirayiro sezvo pamutemo zvinyorwa

History anoyeuka wandei nomutemo siyana kuti anoshandiswa zvakananga mundima yacho ano Russian wehurumende: ndiko chokuzvidira chibvumirano, zvakananga kuti gwaro repamutemo, uye tsika. Mumwe nomumwe wavo ane zvakasiyana ukoshi, imwe yoga munda chikumbiro. Domestic jurisprudence kumbobvira yaratidza somutariri rakananga kwaibva kushanda yapfuura sarudzo vanenge muenzaniso.

Kunyange zvazvo mitemo ndivo kupfuura hwokufananidzira chimiro mutemo Russian, kukwanisa kuita mitemo rusununguko wakakwirira mamiriro zvivako. In nyika yedu kuti mabasa mutemo rokuita akabvumira mumiririri miviri uye nevarikutonga bazi. Uyezve, mumwe hurumende sangano anokwanisa kuti ape normative mabasa ari chaizvo nyaya t. E. Under kwayo utongi.

Achitaura yepamutemo mabasa seinokonzera mutemo, kutanga kuona hunhu nezviito zvavo. Sezvo kupinda simba pamutemo kusvikira wakarasika, vari munzvimbo Restricted nzvimbo. Mushure chiziviso (bhuku) yepamutemo urongwa kushanda kusvikira zvino, kusvikira gwaro, kukanzura, misa kuvhiyiwa kana kuubvumira kuchinja kuti wokurera.

Ndezvipi pamutemo uye zviri pamutemo mabasa muna Russian Federation?

Legal chiito seinokonzera mutemo Russian zvinogona Classified nenzira dzakawanda. Kana mirairo yake kuti yoga boka revanhu, zviri kunditsoropodza kubvumirwa anokosha mhinduro. Documents kuti havana mirayiridzo dzinoshanda kuti zvizvarwa zvose.
Uyezve, zvisarudzo ehurumende masangano angava romunharaunda kana batana kukosha. Mune hierarchical gadziriro, mumwe akagamuchira gwaro iri hurumende pamwero ine pamwero ayo, zvichienderana pamutemo simba. Conventionally, vanogona kuva akaparadzirwa zvinotevera kuti:

• The Constitution of Russian Federation;
• mitemo yeUnited, kusanganisira vaya vane yepamutemo chinzvimbo;
• President mitemo.

Pakati yepamutemo mabasa chokuita panonyuka mutemo kuRussia, zvinokosha kuziva kuti administrative magwaro Hurumende, sarudzo nechepakati madhipatimendi nerubatsiro hushumiri hwavo omurume ehurumende masangano. By siyanei boka rinosanganisira zvibvumirano dzakawanda, zvibvumirano uye zvisarudzo chagamuchirwa ne Russian Federation, uyewo zvinyorwa vagamuchirwa nezviremera mune munhu nyaya. nemirau dzakadai zvinokonzera mutemo vanofanira kushandisa chete mudunhu, iro rakabvuma chisarudzo.

Constitution - nheyo nokuda pamutemo hurongwa ehurumende

Panguva pamusoro hurongwa ndiye RF Constitution - ndiwo mutemo inokosha simba zvachose pfungwa yacho mamiriro. Kutonga kwake rinotsanagurwa zvinhu zvinotevera:

• Chekutanga, bumbiro - migumisiro akasununguka uye democratic kuda vemo anogara zvachose pamusoro munharaunda Russian Federation.
• Chechipiri, mutemo anovamba yemibvunzo paumbwe Conceptual midziyo, mirawu runyararo.
• Chechitatu, Bumbiro reMitemo rinorondedzera uye anovimbisa kudzivirirwa dzevanhu uye kodzero dzevanhu, hwakagara miganhu iri kukwanisa mumwe nomumwe chinhu ari yepamusoro nehurumende hurongwa.

Bumbiro remitemo of Russian Federation uyewo mune dzimwe nomutemo tsime mutemo, ine zvishoma pamutemo kukosha, hazvisi nyore. Lawmaking nzira yokuti nhamba ezvinhu, uye mashoko gwaro rine zvinopfuura 130 nyaya, mitemo iyo inoshanda ose pamutemo indasitiri.

Legislating ari vanodzika mitemo vanoita mitemo kuRussia?

State Duma - mukuru muviri mhosva pamwe mashandiro zvemitemo mabasa. Averenga vose bhiri gwaro anotumwa Zvokukurukura uye kuongorora Federation Council. With yakanaka kuvhota kuti chirongwa zvaunoda vatori vechikamu mumusangano iri zvachose nhengo House bhiri iri akapfuura. Basa President of Russian Federation Panguva iyi, chokwadi, zviri pamutemo, nokuti pakuunganidza yepamutemo chiito sezvo chikuru tsime pamutemo simba mutemo kunokosha zvinofanira wemasaini uye promulgate nayo. Zvisinei, kana zvichikodzera, musoro wehurumende anogona kudzoka gwaro shure nokuda dzokororo.

Chero mitemo, kusanganisira yeUnited uye yepamutemo, kwairayirwa mbirikira kuburikidza racho. Solutions kuti vakapfuura zvose zvakafanira nzira uye vatora panguva soro sandara, mhando ari mashoko "iri Russian Federation Musangano" kana "Rossiyskaya Gazeta". Maererano Dare murayiro, nyaya Russian Federation vakazvimiririra pave nomutemo framework yokudzora ukama mune zvose zvoupenyu paruzhinji mudunhu.

Presidential uye hurumende sarudzo

Chirevo Musoro Russian Federation ndiye anenge ari ndima mitemo yeUnited rinotsanangura mashandiro kuti kuzadziswa uye kwekodzero dzevanhu uye rusununguko uye zvinofarirwa vemunyika. Nekanzuru President munyika mirayiro munyika anopa mutemo compulsorily kutevedzerwa munyika. Kazhinji pasi mutemo vari nyaya nechinzwano Inter-mamiriro wokuti Russia.

Sezvo hurumende masangano vakapiwa mashandiro nevarikutonga simba rehurumende, zvivako izvi havakwanisi kuita basa pasina Implementation pakati zvemitemo basa. Somuenzaniso, hurumende yeRussia chirevo zvakakodzera kuzadzisa mabasa ari kuitika kuti, uye zvisarudzo akatorwa navo vari normative zvakasikwa uye chinokosha zvikuru.

Features uye chikuru kusiyana pakati mitemo tsika pamutemo

Musiyano uri pakati dzimwe mhando anopa mutemo pamusoro normative pamutemo mabasa? Musiyano ndouyu:

• Mitemo uye magwaro vakagamuchira panguva enyika soro sandara, kudiwa kukabatanidzwa zvinoenderana Constitution, uye saka regai zvinopesana nawo.
• Kusiyana tsika uye muenzaniso mitemo zvakajeka wakaiswa, matsime zvakanyorwa.
• Zviri pamutemo Express mitemo tsika kana muenzaniso zvisingaiti, nekuti musimboti ichi anowana evasingatombonamati casuistic hainyatsozivikanwi.

Saka, mirayiro sezvo mikuru manyuko mutemo zvinobva kuna chete pamutemo pakati, izvo anobvumira kuzvishandisa nechinangwa zvemagariro chiitiko chete mirayiridzo, rimwe chete gwara. Mukuwedzera, mitemo uye magwaro wakabudiswa ehurumende masangano mukuru mamaneja chinhu chinokosha nomazviri pave kwemitemo. Definition of zvinodiwa anoumba zvinyorwa kuti mukuru zvakadini chipingamupinyi decentralization kwacho uye rutapudzo kuMudzidzisi zviga kwemitemo.

Sei tichienzanisa netsika mutemo pamutemo ane mukuru zviri pamutemo simba?

On pamutemo repamutemo kuita seinokonzera mutemo Russian Federation vanofanirawo kutaura izvi. Zvaaiva yorugwaro akanyorwa nekanzuru nomazvo zviremera mutemo asimbisa, kugadzirisa uye anobva audza vane mutemo. Nokudaro zviri nyore kugumisa kuti chero mutemo kana murau Gwaro chiito mutemo-kugadzira, uye chinangwa chayo kushandiswa kwakapararira ane risingaperi uwandu Muzviitiko. Akaramba achiita wenyika uye yehurumende mabasa yakakwana kukosha nokuti kupinda simba rose nyika kumatunhu.

Mitemo uye magwaro vane mikana yakawanda toreva ose anopa mutemo. Normative-pamutemo mabasa:

• kunokosha kuzviisa pasi uye Kufambisa mikana avo kana zvimwe mitemo, mirayiro uye nemirayiridzo;
• vaigona ape kuti imwe kusimbiswa nguva mitemo apo vachiremekedza zvikuru mitemo zvokuratidzira;
• Ndivo senzira iri nyore dzekugadzirisa nyaya - vane nyore kukumbira, vachirayira kuremekedza kodzero kana mabasa.

Nyaya mutemo sezvo kwainyanya mutemo

Sezvambotaurwa, navadzidzisi chiito itsime mutemo, achitora hune nechinzvimbo pamusoro tsika uye muenzaniso. Yezwi runoenzanirana mutemo evanhu ukama kuona zvishoma nezvishoma. anonakidza nyaya "Implementation" yokupira mabasa ari pamutemo zvinyorwa: zvinyorwa pakutanga akashandisa chete munzvimbo chokuita Implementation wehurumende zvakananga. The dzepamutemo ukama pakati private, asiri pfuma akaramba kwenguva refu kutongwa tsika uye muenzaniso kuti nezvamakatonga.

Nokufamba kwenguva rakawedzera yekudyidzana sezvo matambudziko mitemo akanyorwa. Normative pamutemo mabasa basa mutemo, kusanganisira Labor Code, vehurumende mutemo (Civil Code, Housing Code, kuti RF IC) rakashandiswa nhengo muminda paruzhinji ukama. Waitaura zvaifanira kuitwa mitemo nemirayiro magwaro refu kubva apfuura mhiri mureza pamutemo mutemo.

Sezvo pachena muenzaniso anoshumira Civil Code of Russian Federation - Nde Chiito atiitirewo. mitemo chaiyo uye dzimwe kodzero, kusanganisira basa mitemo. Pasinei chokwadi kuti gwaro ndohwaJehovha davi ukama vehurumende mutemo, rinoshandiswa, kana zvakakodzera, kodzero uye zviito zvoupfumi bhora.

Siyana mitemo yeUnited: chii musiyano?

An dzinonakidza chinoratidza mabasa normative-pamutemo wakabudiswa vanodzika mitemo Russian, ndiyo weboka yavo yeUnited uye Rinoongorora Kutevedzerwa kweBumbiro Romutemo. Ekupedzisira, Chokwadi, chikuru pamutemo zvainoreva yaidzorwa maindasitiri pamwe nokubatsira avo paruzhinji ukama. Zvichienderana rapanzvimbo chiito, uye ndima magwaro akadaro, vanogona kukamurwa kuva:

• mirayiro centralized chengetedzo - vakagamuchirwa nokuda Municipality kana hurumende masangano;
• mitemo yomunzvimbo - wokurera ari yomunharaunda pamwero kugadzirisa magetsi matambudziko mudunhu.

Zviremera uye nemakanzuru kuzvitonga nyaya mumirau yeUnited, Republican tsika. Mamwe magwaro ndiwo bedzi ari zvionera kunzvimbo, ndima, vakaparadzana nzvimbo. Kuti dzinotarisira dzakananga zvoupenyu pamutemo ukama muMoscow uye St. Petersburg - guta ine chinzvimbo chinokosha, zviremera tora mirau yakananga. With kupatsanura ichi anokundikana govera kugona panyaya mitemo ukama pakati nomumwe ehurumende zviremera.

It anoita se muenzaniso tsime pamutemo hurongwa

Seinokonzera kodzero chiito pamutemo ndicho uye inobudirira sezvo chinangwa waidzora mitemo yomufambiro kusimbisa kodzero uye mabasa sezvo nhengo yeUnited vanotongwa Russian Federation, uyewo vagari vanhuwo. Mitemo, nezviga, nemirau mirairo zvinosanganisira dzinokosha gadziriro rinotsanangura kuzviisa pasi zvinhu kutora pamusoro pachavo zvinoitwa kuchiitirwa gwaro. Uyezve, mumwe-yambotaurwa mumatare mabasa zvakanyorwa, uye nokudaro akavimbisa uye kwairayirwa kutevedza avo hanya. Chero gwaro kuti rinoshandiswa nokure mutemo ukama, rine mitemo Kazhinji hunhu, ndiye, ogadzirisa kana repeals zvimwe mutemo.

Kutaura zvazviri, musiyano mukuru pakati normative uye dzepamutemo mabasa nevamwe zvinhu kuti gadziriro ndiko kunobva ayo chikumbiro inodzokororwa. nemirau yeMunhu Ega kana kutorwa ne vehurumende zvinogadzirisa kusanganiswa hunhu rwakavapo tsika kanenge, asi vasingawanzotauri kushandisa kupfuura kamwe.

The pamutemo hurongwa zvose zvinhu zviri pedyo vachionana, kunokosha pamutemo simba, uye vamwe vavo vari omurume mumwe. Kukosha uye basa gwaro kunorondedzerwa enzvimbo gwaro pachayo. Legal kururama kwemashoko sarudzo kunoenderana achinyanya pamusoro kugona dzomuviri kushandisa nayo. Legal chiito - kubatanidzwa chinhu pakati kurudyi uye hurumende kuti mediates raivapo chinangwa ukama munzanga.