Kwenyika Spitak muna 1988

Anopfuura makore makumi maviri nezvitanhatu apfuura (December: 7, 1988) Armenia pakabvunda kwenyika rakasimba Spitak, yaiva hafu yeawa wakaparadzwa zvachose, pamwechete nayo, uye 58 yakapoteredza misha. Kwakaita vanhu zvinhu Gyumri, Vanadzor, Stepanavan. Small kutadza sei maguta 20 uye 200 mumisha yaiva ari chinhambwe kubva kwacho.

kudengenyeka

Panzvimbo imwe kwenyika vasati zvaitika - muna 1679, 1840 uye muna 1931, asi havana kusvika, uye 4 pfungwa. Uye muna 1988, muna muzhizha seismographs yakanyorwa nokufamba munharaunda Spitak uye yakapoteredza 3.5 paRichter scale.

Ichocho nekudengenyeka Spitak, kwakaitika musi 7 December akatora sei 10 pfungwa panguva kwacho (soro chiratidzo 12 pfungwa). Chikamu chakakura nyika vachibatwa ukapisa murwi vanokwanisa anosvika 6 points. Mashoko anoratidza kuti chakamira pakunodengenyeka zvine vakanga akanzwa Yerevan uye Tbilisi.

Vanachiremba kuongorora kukura penjodzi, yakashuma kuti uwandu simba asunungurwa kubva pano goko, ndizvo maatomu gumi mabhomba paHiroshima. Zvinokosha kuziva kuti Nokufema chinozunguzirwa, vadarika Earth, hwakanyorwa mumakondinendi akawanda. The Data pamushumo "Kudengenyeka. Spitak, 1988" akashuma kuti zvinonyatsorehwa pose pakakoromoka akaenzana 37 makiromita, uye amplitude kwayo misha yaive kusvika 170 cm. atsamwira kwakaitika munharaunda akatsemura tectonic matete asina akafukidza apo munhu zvizivikanwe nemichina njodzi.

Rapanzvimbo njodzi

Ndezvipi zviri pamutemo mashoko achirondedzera kwenyika? Spitak-1988 - kwava 30 zviuru akafa uye vanopfuura zviuru 140 vanhu vakaremara. Kuparadzwa, anobata bhizimisi uye kwezvivako, sezvo mwoyo. Pakati pavo vane 600? Km migwagwa, 230 maindasitiri emakambani, 410 zvokurapa masangano. Basa ikadziviswa ANPP.

Spitak kudengenyeka kwakakonzera rakakura kukuvara. The mari dzenyika vakaonga ayo anenge $ 15 bhiriyoni, uye nhamba yevanhu yave Vakapfuura nyika avhareji zvose vanowirwa nenjodzi dzinongoitika dzoga. Zviremera Armenian panguva havana kukwanisa kubvisa migumisiro yacho nenjodzi, uye vose dzeSoviet Union uye vazhinji dzimwe nyika zvinobatanidzwa mukushanda pakarepo.

Kubviswa nemigumisiro: ushamwari marudzi uye vavariro enyika

December 7 panguva kwokuputsika nendege vanovhiya vanogona kushanda muchiuto munda, uye vanunuri kubva Russia. Kuwedzera kwavari, panguva kwokuputsika nzvimbo iri chiremba kubva kuUnited States, Great Britain, Switzerland uye France. vaipa ropa uye mishonga akapa China, Japan uye Italy, rubatsiro vaibva kunyika dzinopfuura 100.

December 10 panzvimbo nenhamo (zvino vakanga matongo panzvimbo simba guta) nendege musoro USSR Mikhail Gorbachev. Nokuda kubatsira vanhu uye kudzora muitiro kuita kununurwa kushandiswa, iye akatapudza kushanya kwake kuUnited States.

Mazuva maviri asati pakasvika Gorbachev, December 8, vakagamuchira rubatsiro kubva Sochi. The neherikoputa vakatapa zvose zvakafanira kuti aponese upenyu zvibairo uye ... ari coffins. The yokupedzisira hakuna kukwana.

Zvikoro nhandare Spitak akava heliport, zvipatara, mortuaries uye kubvisa pfungwa panguva imwe chete.

The zvinokonzera njodzi uye nzira

Zvikonzero akaita kuparadzwa muhombe nokuda kutanga akadai nekudengenyeka Spitak nyanzvi mudane rwaikurumidza kuuya uye kukwana tinyatsonzwisisa zvizivikanwe nemichina vibrations mudunhu, zvazvakaipira mukugadzirwa yemirau uye murombo unhu kurapwa uye kuvakwa mabasa.

Sezvinooneka, Union akapa zvose ake simba, mari uye basa, kubatsira vanenge vawirwa nenjodzi muna Spitak: chete zvokuvhoterwa akauya vanopfuura zviuru 45 vakazvipira. Makumi ezviuru mumapasuru kubva pamusoro Soviet Union akasvika muguta uye namaguta akanga akapoteredza sezvo rubatsiro ruyamuro.

Asi kunyange kunakidza ndechokuti mugore 1987-1988 kubva Armenian nyika sezvariri pasi pfuti nepfuti vakadzinga Azerbaijanis, Russian vaMuslim. Vanhu vari musoro uye motokari dzavo akapwanyika, vafa uye Akadzivira mu chimneys asingaregi apo kana vakadzi kana vana. Mubhuku, munyori Sanubar Sarally "yabiwa kare. Kuparadzwa kworudzi "vari zvakaona chishamiso zviitiko. Munyori anoti vokuArmenia pachavo kuzodana dambudziko Spitak raMwari nokuda kucharohwa dzavo.

Azerbaijani vagari vaiitawo vawirwa nenjodzi, kupa Spitak uye kumativi peturu, ano uye mushonga maguta. Zvisinei, Armenia aramba rubatsiro rwavo.

Spitak nokudengenyeka razova chinhu chokukomborerwa dzakawanda ukama panguva Chokwadi, achisimbisa pamapatya ushamwari pakati pemarudzi ose USSR.

Kuona kubva muna 1988

Kwenyika Spitak akapa kurudziro kutanga kusikwa sangano kuti kufungidzira, dziviriro uye liquidation dzenjodzi ezvinhu rwokuzvarwa mavambo. Saka, pashure gumi mwedzi, muna 1989, yakanga yaratidza pachena mavambo basa Commission pamusoro pehurumende pamwero yedambudziko, kubvira muna 1991 sezvo kuBazi Emergency Zvinozivikanwa pamusoro Russian Federation.

pashure kwenyika Spitak - zviri dzinopikisana asi zvinorwadza Chiitiko nokuda nyika. Zvave anenge makore 27 kubvira nhamo, asi kuburikidza emakore, Armenia richiri rebounding. Nokuti 2005, paiva mhuri anenge 9000 vaigara matumba pasina Amenities.

Pakuyeuka vakaurayiwa

Date 7 December - Day okuchema avo vakaurayiwa vari kuparara, yakazivisa nehurumende. Nokuti Armenia izuva kuchinaya. Muna December 1989, chemindi Union mutemo-Ruble matatu mari mu vachichengeta Spitak kwepasi. Makore 20 gare gare, muna 2008, mutaundi duku Gyumri vakabata hwomukova shongwe, yakaitwa voruzhinji. Rainzi "vakawirwa mhosva, mwoyo tsitsi" uye wakatsaurirwa kuna vose vawirwa vakatambura muna Spitak 12.07.1988.